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Biomedical subjects

V G Fagundes

Publications and source records attributed to V G Fagundes.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

[The effect of urapidil on blood pressure, renal hemodynamics, lipid and glucose metabolism].

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of urapidil on blood pressure (BP), renal hemodynamics and lipid and glucose metabolism, in patients with mild-to-moderate uncomplicated essential hypertension. METHODS: Fifteen hypertensive patients, aged 38-64 year-old were studied by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring system (ABPM). It was also evaluated: 1) the creatinine clearance; 2) the effective renal plasma flow by use of a single plasma sample after injection of orthoiodohippurate; 3) the serum triglycerides, cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol; 4) blood levels of glucose and insulin. The urapidil dose ranged from 60 to 180 mg/day, according to the individual response. RESULTS: The values after four weeks washout-placebo and active treatment with urapidil showed: the systolic/diastolic BP was reduced from 157.7 +/- 6/108.0 +/- 2 on placebo to 140.4 +/- 4/97.3 +/- 3 mmHg (p < 0.05/p < 0.01) after urapidil, respectively, whereas heart rate was unchanged. The percentage of elevated systolic and diastolic BP values during 24h (BP load) was reduced from 60.9% to 54.4% and from 60.8% to 50.3%, respectively. Effective renal plasma flow, glomerular filtration rate, filtration fraction and renal vascular resistance were unaltered by treatment. Significant increase in HDL-cholesterol was observed (from 39.5 +/- 3.6 on placebo vs 49.2 +/- 4.8 mg/dl (p < 0.01) after urapidil. Total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triglycerides levels were not modified with treatment. Circulating plasma glucose and insulin remained unchanged. CONCLUSION: Urapidil is an effective antihypertensive agent without deleterious effect on renal hemodynamics, lipid and glucose metabolism.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in normal and hypertensive pregnancy. Response to postural stimuli.

Most studies that have attempted to distinguish pregnancy-induced hypertension from chronic hypertension in pregnancy include arbitrary clinical definitions and morphological reports based on renal biopsy. To evaluate whether these conditions have different responses to stimuli to the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, we studied four normal nonpregnant women, eight normal pregnant women, 10 women with pregnancy-induced hypertension, and 14 with chronic hypertension in pregnancy, in the third trimester of pregnancy, after they had sequentially adopted the supine, the left lateral recumbent, and the orthostatic positions for 90 minutes each. Postural maneuvers did not significantly change mean arterial pressure in pregnancy-induced hypertensive or in normal pregnant women, although in chronic hypertensive women, a significant reduction in this parameter was observed in left lateral recumbency. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system was significantly less activated with women in the supine position in pregnancy-induced hypertensive and chronic hypertensive women; however, as opposed to pregnancy-induced hypertensive women, those with chronic hypertension reassumed their humoral response to upright posture, which was accompanied by a significant reduction in sodium excretion. The parallelism between plasma renin activity and aldosterone levels, absent in normal pregnancy, returned in pregnancy-induced hypertensive and chronic hypertensive women in the erect posture (r = 0.73, p less than 0.01; r = 0.68, p less than 0.01, respectively). These data suggest that the adoption of the left lateral recumbent position in pregnancy reduces mean arterial pressure only in chronic hypertensive women. Moreover, in chronic hypertension, the upright position provoked a significant response of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. This effect was not observed in women with pregnancy-induced hypertension.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Effects of long-term administration of isradipine on renal hemodynamics and sodium metabolism.

The objective of this double-blind, placebo-controlled study was to evaluate the effects of isradipine on renal hemodynamics and function. Ten patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension were given isradipine at 2.5 mg twice daily for 3 months after 4 weeks of placebo washout. Renal studies were performed 2 h after the morning administration of treatment. The results of these evaluations indicate that isradipine as monotherapy significantly reduced the mean arterial pressure, while the effective renal plasma flow was increased (+16%) and glomerular filtration rate remained virtually unchanged (-8.7 ml/min). The filtration fraction and renal vascular resistance decreased significantly. There was a significant decrease in the absolute rate of proximal sodium reabsorption, and a significant increase in the distal reabsorption. Clearance of sodium remained unchanged. In conclusion, monotherapy with low-dose isradipine was not only effective in controlling blood pressure, but also decreased the renal vascular resistance while avoiding glomerular hyperfiltration, and exerted a protective effect on renal hemodynamics. Natriuresis also remained stable despite the blood pressure reduction.

Calcium Channel Blockers↗