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Biomedical subjects

V G Kassil'

Publications and source records attributed to V G Kassil'.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2000

[Critical phases of the brain development].

Various effects were shown to act alter the proceeding of histogenetic processes in the embryonic neural tissue. Studies in mice revealed that, depending on the embryogenesis stage when a lack of serotonin occurred, the lack of this monoamine entails either death of the embryo or a teratogenic effect, or underdevelopment of brain structures. In the rat model of a shorten hypoxia, a disorder of neural tissue histogenesis in early stages of development, was found, as well as a reduction of its sensitivity to lack of oxygen by the end of embryogenesis.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[The role of the vagus nerves in the manifestations of neophobia and conditioned-reflex taste aversion].

Vagotomized rats given a choice between water and an unfamiliar 0.2% saccharin solution ingest comparable amounts of both fluids over 2.5 weeks of testing. Saccharin intake in sham-operated rats grows steadily (attenuation of taste neophobia), with water intake being unchanged. After the pairing of water intake with rotation saccharin intake in vagotomized rats grows and in sham-operated animals decreases significantly, whereas water intake in the latter increases sharply. Thus, the rats with retained vagal innervation exhibit aversion to saccharin, substance with an unfamiliar taste, but not to water paired with a discomfort. After two-week elimination of neophobia to saccharin, the pairing of water intake with rotation brings into the acquisition of aversion to water in the first days of choice testing in sham-operated rats; similar aversion in vagotomized rats appears with retardation (on the 4th to 6th day).

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[The conditioned-reflex reaction of the sympathoadrenal system to an aversive taste stimulus].

A non-reinforced taste stimulus with aversive properties was found to increase the level of excretion of adrenaline, noradrenaline and dopamine, thus reflecting occurring anxiety. The dopamine increase seems to be due to unspecific reasons of the experimental procedure. Catecholamines increase more in males rather than in females. The conditioned taste aversion seems to be preserved for a longer period of time in activating of the sympathetic-adrenal system.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1995

[The influence of naloxone on the antinociceptive effects of the brain system of negative reinforcement in the developing rabbit].

Participation of opioidergic mechanisms in implementation of inhibitory effects of the brain "punishment areas" upon nociceptive afferentation, was studied. The antinociceptive effect of electrical stimulation of the "areas" was either enhanced or reduced by naloxone depending on the current strength. The role of the opioids was shown to diminish with age. The results suggest that the opioids are more significant in the realization of the antinociceptive influences woned by stimulation of the "brain rewarding" than the "brain punishment areas".

Aging↗
PubMed1994

[Sex dimorphism in the formation and extinction of aversion acquired to known and unknown tastes].

One group of Wistar rats were taught to consume 0.2% solution of saccharin up to stable preference of the latter to water. The aversion was established by means of an angle acceleration rotation. This was preceded by feeding the saccharin solution unfamiliar to the second group of rats. The aversion formed more obviously in the second group animals. The data obtained is discussed from the standpoint of sexual characteristics of the taste preference, defence behaviour, ecological specifics of interaction of males and females with ambient milieu.

Acceleration↗
PubMed1994

[The effect of isolation from the mother in the neonatal period on general development, brain formation and behavior].

24-hr isolation of newborn rats from mother decreases their body weight and growth of the brain mass. The fiber cerebral structures are delayed in their development in deprived newborn rats. Thyroid gland also becomes altered resulting in its hypofunction. The data obtained suggest that the neonatal isolation is a strong stress delaying rather considerably development of a number of cerebral structures, leading to endocrinal disfunction and altering the behaviour.

Aging↗
PubMed1992

[The regulation of specialized appetites].

Motivational-emotiogenic systems of the brain were shown to take part in regulation of specific appetite. The taste seems to be not only the control means determining the acceptability of food but a link of the motivational-emotional system as well. The taste aversions seem to play a permanent role in organisation of the feeding behaviour.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[The place of the gastrointestinal tract in the regulation of feeding behavior].

The paper reviews the role of neural and humoral signals associated with the gastro-intestinal tract's activity, in organisation of motivational and emotional behaviour. The author rejects the idea of insignificance of the digestive channel's role in formation of the states of hunger and satiety. Conditioned readjustment of initiating and inhibitory afferents from mechano-, osmo- and chemoreceptors of the stomach and upper portions of the intestine, are shown to play a part in formation of general and specialised appetites according to the body needs.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[The effect of brain "reward areas" on the electrical activity of the trigeminal nerve motor root in the ontogeny of the dog].

A short-term rhythmical stimulation of the 'rewarding areas' led to 10-15% increment of the tongue nerve potential amplitude in the motor root of trigeminal nerve in 18-30-day old, 2.5-5.0-month old and in adult dogs. Functional heterogeneity was revealed in the effects of different areas on the potential amplitude, the effects having certain ontogenetic specifics.

Aging↗
PubMed1991

[The characteristics of the effect of "reward zones" on the electrical activity of the parafascicular nuclear complex in the developing rabbit].

In 35 rabbits of 41-60-day age, the effect of electrical stimulation of the "rewarding areas" identified preliminarily by means of self-stimulation, on EPs of the thalamus parafascicular complex in response to peripheral nociceptive stimulation, was studied. Specifics of the effects was revealed for this particular age. In some parameters, the antinociceptive effects of the "rewarding areas" on the EPs in the parafascicular complex were less obvious in between the exaltation and adult periods of development.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[The role of opioids in mediating the antinociceptive influences of hypothalamic "pleasure zones"].

In 41-60-day old rabbits, the antinociceptive effect of stimulation of the hypothalamic "rewarding areas" was estimated by a decrease in the EPs' amplitude as recorded in the thalamus' parafascicular complex in response to nociceptive stimulation of a hind-limb. The EPs were inhibited at a certain power of the current stimulating the "rewarding areas" in all the animals. In complete inhibition of nociceptive EPs, low doses of naloxone weakened it in 4 rabbits out of 6, whereas high doses only weakened it in 1 animal out of 4. In incomplete inhibition of the EPs, low doses of naloxone enhanced the antinociceptive effect up to complete suppression of EPs in 3 cases out of 6, whereas high doses did not affect this effect in 5 cases out of 7. Neurochemical mechanisms of the EPs inhibition in unspecific nociceptive complex of the thalamus during stimulation of hypothalamic "rewarding areas", are discussed.

Animals↗