PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

V G Nikolaev

Publications and source records attributed to V G Nikolaev.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

DNA-coated carbon adsorbents experimental assessment and results of severe psoriasis treatment.

Newly developed combined adsorbents, containing from 1 to 8 mg of thymic DNA per 1 g of the granulated or the fibrous carbonic matrix, demonstrated good biocompatibility and selectivity for DNA- and DNP-binding substances. In a group of 14 patients with severe psoriasis (uncontrol trial) a single hemoperfusion procedure through DNA-coated granulated synthetic carbons (perfusion volume was 2.5-3.1 L, sorbent quantity was 30 g) resulted in complete remission in 6 patients and in substantial improvement of clinical status in 6 other patients. A positive effect was observed in 4 patients during 7-11 months; in 8 patients it is being observed for more than 29-33 months. The double-blind tests in the group of patients subjected to hemoperfusion through the DNA-coated charcoal (27 people) and uncoated charcoal (9 people) showed the full-scale remission in 55.5% and 11.2% respectively. The authors believe that the DNA-coated activated carbons can be an effective therapeutic procedure for treatment of numerous immuno-dependent diseases and states associated with disorders in the kinetics of cell division.

Antibodies, Antinuclear↗
PubMed1991

Basic studies of local adsorption in burn treatment.

The model of a full-thickness thermal burn in rats was used to demonstrate that the application of adsorptive dressings made of a fibrous activated carbon material (ACFM) after early excision of a burn crust exerts a considerable influence on the development of both local and general symptoms of burn disease. Three days after the excision a water content in underlying tissues falls from 84.81 +/- 0.62% to 54.47 +/- 4.2%, the wound surface area decreases by 10%, while this surface area under gauze bandages increases by 6.3%. The local adsorption results in lower activity of proteolytic serum enzymes and toxicity of blood serum in burned animals as well as in the positive dynamics of changes in functional activity of the immune system. By the 14th day the T-cell activity in animals with adsorptive carbon dressings was by 3.2 times higher than that in the animals with gauze bandages. The level of B-cell response if ACFM is applied exceeds normal values to a great extent, starting from the first days after the excision of a burn crust.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Application sorption: experience in clinical use and prospects of development.

The analysis of experimental - clinical results obtained during the last decade in the field of application of adsorptive carbon dressings in wound and burn therapy is given. Possible mechanisms of the therapeutic effect of this material are discussed, the feasibility of their application during different phases of wound process and burn disease treatment is demonstrated. The local absorption may be independent efficient method of treatment in the case of surface burns and wound with a small area of injury and provide a pronounced detoxifying effect in the case of suppurative-septic complication of a mechanical trauma and burns.

Bandages↗
PubMed1991

Enterosorption in oncotherapy.

Patients with lymphogranulomatosis undergoing radiotherapy according to the radical scheme were treated with fibrous carbon enterosorbent VESTA in tablets for 14 days (group I, 23 patients) from the moment of leukopenia development (lower then 2.2 x 10(9)/l) or were traditionally treated using parenteral administration of hemostimulants, hemosubstitutes and detoxicants (group II, 23 patients). After 14 days leukopenia was cured in 18 patients of group I (78%) and in 11 patients of group II (48%), with an average number of leukocytes in the patients of groups I and II growing by 2 and 1.6 times, respectively. The administration of enterosorbents enabled interruptions in radiotherapy caused by the development of leukopenia and the deterioration of health status to be greatly shortened and the requirements in expensive transfusion media to be sharply reduced.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Use of enterosorption for correction of dyslipoproteinemias in patients with ischemic heart disease in geriatric practice].

Sixty patients with coronary heart disease, stable angina pectoris of functional class II and III and dislipoproteinemia (cholesterol greater than 6.5 mmol/l, triglycerides greater than 2.0 mmol/l, the atherogenic index greater than 3.5) were assigned to two groups. 40 patients received enterosorbent (high-porous, small-spherical fraction of CKH carbon). 20 control subjects were treated with placebo. The patients age ranged from 60 to 74. The treatment course lasted for 4 weeks. Evaluation of the treatment results showed that total cholesterol dropped by 20%, triglycerides by 27%, apoB by 32%, apoB-containing lipoproteins by 20%; there were positive changes in circulation, clinical status (in 60% of cases), exercise tolerance (by 12%). Control patients did not present any noticeable shifts. Thus, enterosorption proved an effective modality of dyslipoproteinemia correction in coronary patients of advanced age.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

High-porosity activated carbons for bilirubin removal.

The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between the extent of activation of synthetic granula and fibrous carbons and the adsorption of bilirubin from protein solutions. The total pore volumes of granular carbons START, SCN and fibrous activated carbons ACFM were 0.9-2.2. cm3/g and 0.8-1.5 cm3/g, respectively. A parallel increase in volume and specific surface area of micropores lead to a 4-5-fold increase of bilirubin adsorption from a 3% HSA solution. About 3 mg of bilirubin per 1 ml of the working column volume is removed from the solution with a 18 mg/100 ml concentration, after 8 min contact with an adsorbent after 4 hours of perfusion. Removal of bilirubin from model solutions means the conformation of albumin molecules can be restored. Carbon adsorbents synthesized for the elimination of bilirubin from protein-containing solutions can also be called deliganding adsorbents, since under some experimental conditions they eliminate other protein-bound ligands, viz. phenols by 97-99%, bile acids by 90-92% and sodium caprylate by 89-95%.

Adsorption↗
PubMed1990

Peroral application of synthetic activated charcoal in USSR.

This work presents a review of the enterosorption procedure, spheres of its application, the results achieved and prospects for use in the future. This technique was developed by the author in the late 1970's and is based on peroral administration of high doses of synthetic activated carbons. This review also summarises new experimental and clinical reports by Soviet researchers who studied the use of enterosorption procedure in liver and biliary tract diseases, endogenous intoxications, acute intestinal infections, renal pathologies and immuno-dependent diseases, metabolism in aged animals, in oncologic patients, abstinence syndrome in alcohol and drug-abuse patients. The peroral application of activated carbons has been known for a long time. The most extensive list of usage of activated carbons has been presented by Adler in the first quarter of this century. The powdery activated charcoal usually was prescribed in doses of 2-10 g per day, since larger doses caused nausea, vomiting and constipation, and that demanded simultaneous usage of cathartics. The Carbon sorption therapy, soon became neglected owing to development of potent antibacterial preparations, and probably due to depleted enteric content of the components which are necessary for the organism. Later, carbon sorption therapy was investigated for use in uremia. In 1979, the author of this article proposed the use of oral administration of high doses (up to 100-150 g/day) of synthetic activated carbons with diameters 0.2-1.0 mm, derived through pyrolysis of various polymeric resins. The reasons for this approach which we termed enterosorption, were good adsorptive properties, smooth surface, strength and uniformal nature of synthetic carbon adsorbents, causing practically no symptoms of enteropathy which are typical for high doses of powdery carbons. We have described our earlier clinical results of this approach. Since that time the number of studies has substantially increased in the USSR. Accordingly, the author deemed it expedient to attempt a review of the results.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

Effect of enterosorption on animal lifespan.

Experiments were performed on Wistar male rats, starting from the 28th month of age. The effect of dietary sorbent (non coated nitrogen-containing carbon administered as 10 day courses at 1 month intervals in dosage of 10 ml/kg) on lifespan and a number of biological indices were studied. Enterosorption resulted in the increase of mean and maximal lifespan by 43 and 34% respectively. Analysis of the effect of enterosorption on activity of microsomal enzymes, intensity of total RNA and protein biosynthesis, lipid metabolism, formation of free radicals etc. showed that it produced a positive influence on the functional state of the studied systems and increased the organism's adaptive capacities. Enterosorption was found to delay the rate of onset of age-related structural changes in the organs and tissues.

Aging↗
PubMed1987

Theoretical aspects of carbon adsorbent applications for detoxification.

The paradox of "small volume" hemocarboperfusion is discussed, it is shown in the model experiments with human serum albumin solution that granular and fibrous activated carbons are the complement of one another with respect to the sorption of substances weakly and strongly bound to protein. Binary adsorbents synthesized extempore and based on carbon matrices and biospecific ligands are described. The concepts of "artificial digestion" and "artificial scab" are introduced.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

Stored blood purification on activated charcoals.

The application of the hemosorption technique for storage, preservation and transfusion of the donor blood will result in a substantial increase in effectiveness of its application in numerous practically important situations, including even such as massive and exchange transfusion, or in patients with renal or liver insufficiency. Especially the metabolism of the erythrocytes, the intra- and extracellularic electrolyte supply of the blood and the pH level of the blood will be corrected according to the norm. Harmful products of the metabolism, microclots and impaired cells will also be reduced. The osmotic resistance of the erythrocytes rises significantly, the viscosity of the blood and the HBS-antigen level decrease.

Acid-Base Equilibrium↗
PubMed1985

[Local blood flow into tumors during artificial hyperglycemia].

The blood flow in the rat Guerin carcinoma was measured by the hydrogen clearance method. It was shown that the blood flow in the tumour tissue decreased almost 3.5 times to the 3 hours of the intravenous glucose infusion at a dose of 80 mg X kg-1 X min-1. In some tumours the microcirculation ceased completely. The results obtained help developing the new schemes of local hyperthermia and induced hyperglycemia in the complex antitumour therapy.

Animals↗