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Biomedical subjects

V G Tsuman

Publications and source records attributed to V G Tsuman.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1997

[Twin studies of myasthenia].

Twin pairs with one or two myasthenic patients were selected from patients with neuromuscular pathology. 18 couples of twins were included in final selection (9 monozygotic and 9 dizygotic pairs). 4 pairs of monozygotic twins were concordant to myasthenia (MA). All dizygotic pairs were discordant to this disease. Matched concordance of monozygotic twins was 44%. Penetration of pathological gene was 61% assuming the hypothesis about monogenic heredity of MA. The coefficient of heredity was 44%. The conclusion was made about important, but not absolute role of hereditary factors in development of MA. It was necessary the presence of combination of both genetic and environmental factors for MA development.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Analysis of the association of ABO blood groups and Rhesus factor with myasthenia].

The distribution of ABO blood groups and rhesus factor was studied in patients with myasthenia as compared with the control. There was a statistically significant association of the diseases with the rhesus-negative phenotype and that of generalized myasthenia concurrent with thymoma with the B (III) blood group. The examination revealed no other determinants of the significant association with the disease. The values of a disease risk were obtained for persons having myasthenia-associated signs. It is concluded that the Rh-negative phenotype shows a 1.3-fold increase in the risk of the disease as compared with those having Rh-positive persons.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1995

[Acute pancreatitis in children].

The article shows the results of treatment of 66 children, aged from 5 months to 14 years, with acute pancreatitis (AP), 17 of them had the destructive form of the disease. The causes of AP development in children are analysed and the criteria of its diagnosis are determined. Particular attention is focused on the methods of the diagnosis of destructive forms, ultrasonic examination of the abdominal cavity and laparoscopy among others. Sparing surgical policy for pancreonecrosis was applied, including injections of protease inhibitors and antibiotics around the pancreas, drainage of the omental bursa and abdominal cavity, and cholecystostomy. A scheme of postoperative management of these patients is suggested. Discrete plasmapheresis was applied in severe intoxication. Two patients with destructive AP died due to the development of severe hepatorenal failure.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1994

[Treatment of generalized forms of suppurative peritonitis in children].

The article deals with the experience in the treatment of 220 children with generalized forms of purulent peritonitis of various origin (appendicular, posttraumatic, consequence of destructive pancreatitis and other inflammatory processes in the abdominal cavity). A scheme of therapeutic measures which were applied for the control of infection and endotoxicosis is given. They include homeostasis by means of extracorporeal detoxification, differentiated immunocorrection, quantum therapy, and other modern methods of treatment. Mortality among the patients was 5.9%, while before the introduction of the described methods into practice it was 13.2%.

Child↗
PubMed1993

[Treatment of generalized purulent appendicular peritonitis in children].

Experience in the treatment of 137 children with a most severe and complicated course of generalized purulent peritonitis of appendicular genesis is generalized. It is shown that such patients must be concentrated in centers of pediatric surgery providing the possibility of applying a complex of diagnostic examinations and therapeutic measures, including purposeful antibiotic therapy, differentiated immunocorrection, and effective detoxification. The detoxification and immunocorrection effect of discrete plasmapheresis with two-stage "washing out" of the red cells is illustrated in the discussion of 22 cases. It is pointed out that in operations for generalized purulent peritonitis the abdominal cavity must not only be cleansed but also drained adequately and intubation of the intestine must be carried out with aspiration of its content for 3-5 days and application of enterosorption through an intestinal tube. A complex of organizational and therapeutic measures made it possible to reduce considerably the mortality rate in acute appendicitis and its complications in the Moscow Region.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

[Dynamics of immunologic indicators in children with severe forms of suppurative-septic diseases after the exchange-substitute plasmapheresis].

Time course of the immunity system parameters was followed in children suffering from grave endotoxicosis forms treated by discrete plasmapheresis (DPA) as the emergency therapeutic measure. T, T-active, B lymphocytes, O cells, immunoglobulins A, G, M were analyzed, as were the counts of phagocytizing leukocytes and circulating immune complexes. The infectious process was found to lead to a temporary relative secondary immunodeficiency. DPA with perfusion of hyperimmune plasma resulted in rapid correction of all component of the immunity system, paralleled by normalization of the general clinical status of the patients, and prevented chronic transformation of the process.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Serum immunoglobulins in the assessment of pulmonary inflammatory processes in children].

The article discusses the information on the level and dynamics of serum immunoglobulins (Ig) in 48 children with acute pneumothorax (AP) which complicated acute respiratory virus infection and destructive pneumonia. Analysis of the results showed that appraisal of the Ig level with consideration for the terms of the development of the disease and the generally accepted laws of the formation of the immune response makes it possible to evaluate objectively the patient's condition, the degree of the inflammatory process and the destruction of the pulmonary tissue, establish the time of the development of the complication, predict the course and outcome of the process, and appraise objectively the results of treatment with immune agents in a complex of therapeutic measures.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

[Helium-neon laser irradiation in combined treatment of children with suppurative diseases of the lungs and pleura].

The article discusses the results of treatment of acute ischemia of the pleura in 60 children with the use of intracavitary laser therapy. The empyema cavity was irradiated through a quartz flexible monocrystal light guide. The authors studied the effect of helium-neon laser beam on the empyema microflora, the condition of immunity, and the specific features of the clinical course of acute empyema of the pleura. Treatment by helium-neon laser radiation promotes rapid closure of bronchopleural fistulas, reduces the period of treatment, causes an immunocorrection effect, and does not exert a bactericidal effect on the flora.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Surgical treatment of myasthenia gravis in children].

Thymectomy was included in the complex of therapeutic measures in the management of generalized myasthenia in 41 children. Much attention was given to preoperative management in which plasmapheresis was applied along with the traditional methods. As a result, maximum compensation of the myasthenic disorders was achieved and spontaneous respiration was restored in 9 patients who were given artificial ventilation of the lungs before the operation. The authors describe the techniques of thymectomy and the changes found in the thymus during histological study. No complications occurred. All of the children were discharged from the clinic in an improved condition. The late-term results were studied in 38 children in follow-up periods of 6 months to 4 years. Marked stable improvement was recorded in 31 (77.5%) patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

[Plasmapheresis in severe forms of suppurative-septic diseases in children].

Under analysis is the first experience with the application of discrete plasmapheresis in 44 children aged from 6 months to 14 years for detoxication of severe forms of pyo-septic diseases. The method of discrete plasmapheresis is described. The method was shown to have a favourable influence upon hemodynamics and some parameters of the cell and humoral immunity. The application of discrete plasmapheresis resulted in rapid liquidation of endotoxicosis, less lethality and shorter time of treatment at the hospital. Wider introduction of discrete plasmapheresis in children with pyo-septic diseases is recommended.

Adolescent↗