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Biomedical subjects

V G Zilov

Publications and source records attributed to V G Zilov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2003

[A course of chronic glomerulonephritis and constitutional features].

AIM: To evaluate correlations between the course of chronic glomerulonephritis (CG) and the patients' constitution. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 30 men and 33 women with chronic CG were divided into four groups: group 1--chronic latent GN, group 2--chronic nephrotic GN without renal failure, group 3--chronic mixed GN including rapidly progressive GN, group 4--chronic GN with renal failure. Constitution fell into 3 standard types of diathesis: dyscrasic (DD), arthritic (AD), psoric (PD). RESULTS: Most of the patients with chronic GN exhibited prevalence of DD symptoms over AD and PD ones, especially in groups 3 and 4. In less favourable course of GN, DD signs appeared the first, became more and more pronounced while AD and PD were minimal. In a favourable course of GN symptoms of AD and PD were as pronounced as of DD or even more apparent. CONCLUSION: Constitutional characteristics of the patients are essential for the course and prognosis of chronic GN as well as for assessment of GN progression pattern and response to treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[Course of chronic hepatitis B and C and constitutional characteristics of the patients].

The relationship between hepatitis course and constitution assessed by the signs of 3 major diatheses (dyscrasic--DD. arthritic--AD and psoriatic--PD) was studied in 41 patients with HBV infection (low active-25 patients, moderate activity-6 patients, cirrhosis-10 patients) and 62 patients with NCV infection (low active-23, moderate-13, cirrhosis-26). In both infections domination of DD over AD and PD was associated with more severe course of the disease while Ad domination over DD and PD indicated a mild course. It is suggested that constitutional characteristics should be taken in consideration when assessing the course and prognosis of HBV- and HCV-infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2001

[The course of peptic ulcer in relation to patients' constitution].

Sixty one patients with peptic ulcer (PU) were examined to assess the specific features of its condition in relation to their affiliation to the type of morphological constitution (diathesis). Patients with PU were found to have most commonly dyscrasic diathesis. With predominant dyscrasic diathesis, there were more frequently complications of PU (rough scarring deformations of the gastric or duodenal walls, ulcer bleeding, perforation without clear association with the advance of PU, patient compliance, and the adequacy of antiulcerous therapy. Arthritic diathesis was next to dyscrasic one in its prevalence. Other diatheses (tuberculinic, psoriatic) were encountered much less frequently. Analysis of the diatheses manifested in a patient allows one to predict the course of PU, which is determined not only by the activity and duration of conventional antiulcerous treatment, as evidenced by these studies.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

[Chemical integration in mechanisms of brain plasticity].

The paper analyzes investigations on brain functions from the viewpoint of P. K. Anokhin's theory of functional systems. Brain plasticity is postulated to be the result of convergence of various excitations on single brain neurons and of chemical integration of brain transmitters and modulators of peptide origin in the realization of biological motivations. Numerous findings of duplication of various neurotransmitters and oligopeptides in the central mechanisms of biological motivations, chemical rearrangement in the recovery period after the lateral hypothalamic syndrome when bilateral motivational centers of the hypothalamus were coagulated suggests that there is chemical compensation in the brain activity for homeostatic maintenance. The plasticity of extrahypothalamic brain structures are postulated to be more expressed as compared to the specific activities of hypothalamic, brain stem, and spinal cord structures.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Autoregulation in therapeutic effects].

Self-regulation as the basic principle in the organization of living beings is analyzed from the viewpoint of the functional system theory for orthodox medicine and nonconventional therapies. Only some therapies in orthodox medicine are based on self-regulation whereas its role in nonconventional or traditional medicine is proposed to be more frequent and important. The paper describes how the similar principle can be clearly understood when the fundamental FST-principle (self-regulation) is used. The problems of the so-called vibrational medicine with its notion of a human being as a multidimensional organism made up of physical/cellular systems in a dynamic interplay with complex regulatory energy fields. Self-regulation is considered to be the crucial principle when subtle energetic medical approaches are applied as a cure. The paper also draws attention to informational processes in the body and its possible role in the mechanisms of orthodox and nonconventional therapies. The idea that the methods of traditional medicine have to be considered as complementary, but not alternative to orthodox, academic medicine is emphasized.

Complementary Therapies↗
PubMed1994

[The pharmacologic analysis of modulated substance P induced by stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus].

The present investigation was undertaken to examine the neurochemical mechanisms of the modulatory effect of substance P (SP) on feeding behavior induced by threshold electrical stimulation of the lateral hypothalamus (LH) in rabbits. The administration of SP, 15 nmol, was found to transform feeding induced by stimulation of LH into escape. The phenomenon was shown to begin at min 20, and to last up to min 60 after SP injection. In the experiments, some antagonists of classic neurotransmitters were injected into the marginal vein of the rabbit ear. An important role of catecholaminergic and M-cholinergic formations in the brain in the SP transformation of their feeding behavior into escape was found in electric stimulation of LH. H-cholinergic and GABA-ergic antagonists produced no effect on the modulatory effect of SP.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[Systemic integration of dominating motivation].

The paper analyzes the investigations into the central architectonics of biological motivations, which have been performed by the P.K. Anokhin scientific school. Each biological motivation is postulated to be a result of specific integration of heterochemical mechanisms of biological motivations. The chemical plasticity of biological motivations is evidenced by the findings of the duplication of different neurotransmitters in cortical-subcortical interrelations, as well as the potentialities of the chemical rearrangement ("chemical compensation") of neurotransmitter mechanisms of biological motivations in case of bilateral failure of hypothalamic motivational centers of the hypothalamus. Some cerebral oligopeptides are found to be able to temporarily and selectively modify the pattern of motivational behavioral responses evoked by electric stimulation of various hypothalamic formations. It is concluded that the biological motivations are a result of the integrative performance of the whole brain wherein hypothalamic pacemakers play the leading but not final role.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

[A pharmacological analysis of pentagastrin-modulated behavior evoked by stimulation of the ventromedial hypothalamus].

The purpose of the present investigations was to examine the neurochemical mechanisms of modulatory effect of pentagastrin (PG) on escape reaction elicited by the threshold electrical stimulation of the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) in rabbits. PG administration (35 mcg/kg intraventricularly) was found to transform escape into feeding. This phenomenon was shown to begin at 20 min and to last to 150 min after PG injection. The animals were treated with various antagonists to some classic neurotransmitters of the central nervous system. Kalipsol (0.25, 0.5 mg/kg intravenously) and ketanserin (0.1 mg/kg intravenously) were found to restore feeding into escape. GABA-ergic antagonist baclofen (0.25, 0.5 mg/kg) was demonstrated to shorten to about 30 min the time of feeding after PG administration. Both inderal-beta-adreno-blocker (0.25, 0.5, 1.0 mg/kg) and M-choline antagonist atropine (0.25, 0.5 mg/kg) were found to be ineffective in escape restoration in response to VMH stimulation. The experimental results suggest the important role of N-cholinergic and serotoninergic brain structures in PG transformation of escape elicited from the VMH into feeding.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Tachykinins in the central mechanisms of biological motivation].

The studies have indicated that tachykinin peptides are selectively involved in the central mechanisms of biological motivations. The injections of tachykinins suppress food motivation, salt appetite, to a lesser extent modifying defensive behaviour. Neuropeptides, including tachykinins, affect the prompt induction of early genes, which in turn enables a neuron to transform a short-term synaptic stimulation to long-term changes of synaptic sensitivity.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Beta-adrenoblockers in the reorganizing of the food center of the hypothalamus under the influence of substance P].

An ability of substance P (15 nmol intracerebroventricularly) to transform functional properties of the hypothalamic feeding center manifested in escape reaction in response to threshold electrical stimulation of this motivation center in rabbits. Beta-adrenergic antagonists inderal and obsidan (0.25, 0.5 mg, respectively) injected intravenously were found to restore feeding elicited by electrostimulation of the hypothalamic feeding center. However, escape reaction, elicited from the feeding center under substance P was found unchanged after intravenous administration of 0.25 mg kalipsol. The data obtained suggested an important role of beta-adrenergic mechanisms in substance P transformation of the functional properties of the hypothalamic feeding centre.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1992

[Substance P and the resistance of biological motivations to ethanol].

Ability of the substance P to enhance the tolerance of feeding and defence motivations of ethanol was studied in rabbits. Ethanol led to disintegration of central mechanisms of both feeding and escape responses elicited by a threshold electrical stimulation of lateral and ventromedial hypothalamic centres. Subsequent i.v. administration of the substance P restored the effects of midbrain RF on the motivational centres. The inhibitory effect of the dorsal hippocampus and the facilitatory effect of the midbrain RF on excitability of the lateral hypothalamus, are also restored. The data obtained suggest that the substance P is able to increase a tolerance of the central mechanisms of biological motivations of ethanol.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Enhancement of the resistance of the escape reaction to ethanol after substance P].

An ability of substance P (30 micrograms/kg intravenously) to prevent deleterious effects of ethanol (E) (0.5 g/kg intravenously) on central mechanisms of escape reaction elicited by threshold electrical stimulation of the ventromedial hypothalamus was investigated in chronic experiments upon rabbits. Substance P was found to prevent E effects on excitability of the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) and on facilitatory influences of the midbrain reticular formation on this emotional centre which were observed in intact animals. Inhibitory effects of the dorsal hippocampus on the VMH could not be evaluated due to its alterations in response to previous substance P administration. The authors suggest that substance P can be considered to be a possible endogenous factor to increase a tolerance of emotional behavioural reactions of an organism to alcohol.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Substance P against ethanol-induced alterations in central mechanisms of feeding and escape in rabbits.

Rabbits were treated with 0.5 g/kg ethanol intravenously and alterations of limbic-midbrain interactions in both feeding and escape elicited by threshold electrical stimulation of the lateral (LH) and ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) were observed. Decrease of the VMH excitability and abolishing of inhibitory effects of the dorsal hippocampus (HPC) and facilitatory influences of the midbrain reticular formation (MRF) on both motivational hypothalamic centres were found in animals after ethanol administration. Subsequent single injection of substance P (SP) (30 microgram-kg i.v.) just at the height of alcohol manifestations in central mechanisms of feeding and escape led to restoration of the VMH excitability and facilitatory MRF influences on this motivational centre. SP administration was also found to restore the inhibitory hippocampal and facilitatory MRF effects on the excitability of the LH feeding centre. Partial and selective SP restoration of ethanol-induced alterations in feeding and escape which are observed in the present study, as well as the data of some other researchers, led to the suggestion that peptides could be used as factors of enhancing tolerance to ethanol or curing deleterious acute alcohol-induced effects in motivated behaviours in animals.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Substance P and effects of ethanol on the central mechanisms of the escape reaction in rabbits].

Substance P (SP) effects on the central mechanisms of escape reaction, elicited by threshold electrical stimulation of the ventromedial hypothalamus were investigated in rabbits pretreated with ethanol (0.5 g/kg). SP (30 micrograms/kg) was demonstrated to normalize in 71.4% of cases the excitability of the ventromedial hypothalamus which was decreased by ethanol and restored in 83.3% of cases the facilitatory effects of the midbrain reticular formation in escape reactions. However, SP was ineffective in the restoration of the inhibitory effects of the dorsal hippocamp on the excitability of the ventromedial hypothalamus that was obvious in intact animals. Partial normalizing effect of SP on escape reaction in rabbits after previous ethanol administration can be accounted for by the fact that both undecapeptide and ethanol are similar in their realization of central effects such as an interaction with the same brain neurotransmitters, interference with neuronal enzyme processes and reactions with opiate receptors.

Animals↗