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Biomedical subjects

V Giner

Publications and source records attributed to V Giner.

43 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Long-term survival after chemotherapy containing platinum derivatives in patients with advanced unresectable non-small cell lung cancer. European Lung Cancer Working Party.

The study set out to determine the rate of long-term survivors (LTS) in patients treated with platinum-containing chemotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), to identify prognostic factors predicting long-term survival (> or = 2 years) and to report the LTS natural history. Eligible patients with advanced NSCLC treated by chemotherapy in one of seven trials conducted by the European Lung Cancer Working Party from December 1980 to August 1991 were included. All patients received cisplatin and/or carboplatin. Of these, 1052 patients were eligible and 24 variables were analysed as potential prognostic factors. Actuarial 2-year and 5-year survival rates were, respectively, 7.4 and 1.8%. All patients surviving for > or = 5 years had limited disease and were treated by complementary chest irradiation and/or surgery. Univariate prognostic factor analysis for LTS identified as significant no major weight loss, limited disease, no liver metastases, normal white blood cells and neutrophils and normal lactic dehydrogenase levels. By multivariate analysis, the only significant factor was limited disease. Objective response to chemotherapy was also found to be, as disease extent, a highly significant predictor for LTS. Thus, the two best prognostic factors for LTS were non-metastatic disease and response to chemotherapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Phase II randomized trial comparing high-dose cisplatin with moderate-dose cisplatin and carboplatin in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. European Lung Cancer Working Party.

PURPOSE: A phase II randomized trial was conducted in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to determine if the combination of moderate-dose cisplatin and carboplatin was active (primary end point) and could avoid the long-term limiting (renal, auditive, neurologic) toxicity of high-dose cisplatin, which prevents prolonged administration (secondary end point). PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred twenty-one patients, registered between April 1990 and September 1991, were randomized to receive high-dose cisplatin (120 mg/m2 intravenously [IV] on day 1) or a combination of moderate-dose carboplatin (200 mg/m2 IV on day 1 and moderate-dose cisplatin (30 mg/m2 IV on days 2 and 3). One hundred nine patients were eligible: 56 in the cisplatin arm and 53 in the combined arm; 52 and 47, respectively, were assessable for response. All had stage IV disease (or stage IIIB with pleural effusion) and none had received prior chemotherapy. RESULTS: There was a 23% objective response rate to cisplatin (23% of the eligible patients) and a 22% response rate to cisplatin plus carboplatin (21% of the eligible patients). The overall survival rate was not significantly different between the two study arms, but responders in the combined arm survived significantly longer than those in the high-dose cisplatin arm (respective median survival durations, 66 and 30 weeks). Although there was no difference between the arms for alopecia, emesis, and leukopenia, the combined arm was significantly associated with more thrombocytopenia (although rarely severe) and, more importantly, with less renal (19% v 36%), auditive (4% v 16%), and neurologic (0% v 16%) toxicity of any grade. CONCLUSION: The regimen combining moderate-dose cisplatin and carboplatin was active against advanced NSCLC and significantly less toxic than high-dose cisplatin.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1993

Angiostrongyliasis in a European patient: a rare cause of gangrenous ischemic enterocolitis.

Angiostrongylus costaricensis causes a clinicopathologic disease first observed in Costa Rica, mainly in children characterized by highly symptomatic eosinophilic gastroenteritis involving the terminal ileum, cecum, appendix, and ascending colon. A case of angiostrongyliasis in an adult Spaniard infected during a brief stay in Nicaragua is reported. We examined the macro-microscopic features of a right ileocolic resection of a 52-year-old patient. In the surgical specimen, multiple confluent ulcers, some perforated, were observed particularly in the terminal ileum. The intestinal wall was thickened, and the arterial branches presented necrotizing arteritis with thrombosis and a heavy infiltrate of eosinophils around the vessels. In addition, some granulomas were observed. Adult male and female forms of A. costaricensis were found in the lumen of many arterial branches and in the tissue of the omentum, surrounded by dense eosinophilic infiltrate. A. costaricensis causes an intense eosinophilic, necrotizing arteritis associated with thrombosis leading to severe ischemic lesions. This is the first case to be diagnosed in Europe. Incubation time was able to be established within a period of at least 14 days.

Angiostrongylus↗
PubMed1991

Higher incidence of carpal tunnel syndrome in oophorectomized women.

To determine whether the hormonal changes of the menopause are related to the onset of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), 53 healthy women, younger than 44 years, and subjected to bilateral oophorectomy between 1 and 4 years before the study, were evaluated. Seventy healthy menstruating women matched for age were used as controls. In those complaining of symptoms and presenting signs suggestive of CTS, sensory and motor nerve conduction studies were done. In the oophorectomized group, 17 of 53 (32%) had clinical CTS, while only seven of 70 of the control group (10%) did so (relative risk for the oophorectomized group = 4.25; 95% confidence intervals 1.47 and 12.61). The nerve conduction studies were abnormal in 14 of 16 oophorectomized women (87.5%), and in only one of seven of the control group (14.2%; P less than 0.002). Symptoms tended to be milder in the controls. Symptoms developed in the first year after oophorectomy in 14 of the 17 women with CTS. This suggests that women develop CTS after oophorectomy more frequently than controls.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Absence of an association between the C825T polymorphism of the G-protein beta 3 subunit and salt-sensitivity in essential arterial hypertension].

The genetic functional variant C for T in position 825 of the gene encoding G protein beta 3 subunit, GNB3, has been associated with enhanced G protein activation, cell growth and proliferation. This phenotype is associated with enhanced G protein activation and Na(+)-H+ exchanger activity in cells from hypertensive patients. Salt sensitivity affects approximately 50% of hypertensive patients and constitutes an intermediate phenotype determined in part by genetic factors. An association between enhanced Na(+)-H+ exchanger activity and salt sensitivity has been previously reported. The aim of the present study was to investigate the possible association between the G protein polymorphism and salt sensitivity in patients with essential hypertension. A total of 46 patients were studied and classified according to their blood pressure response to a change in sodium intake from low (20 mmol/day) to high (260 mmol/day) into salt sensitive (SS) (n = 20) and salt resistant (SR) (n = 26). GNB3 polymorphism was determined by PCR of genomic DNA and restriction digestion with BseDI. The genotypes distribution among the SS hypertensives was: 8 CC and 12 CT + TT, whereas in SR was: 10 CC and 16 CT + TT (p = 0,577). 24 h mean blood pressure response to salt in the whole group was not different among the different genotypes: CC 4.1 +/- 5.4 mmHg compared to CT + TT 2.9 +/- 6.3 mmHg (p = 0.51). There were no significant differences in the salt induced changes in plasma renin activity, aldosterone, ANP or noradrenaline among the different genotypes. These results indicate that the GNB3 C825T polymorphism has no major influence on the pressor response to salt in essential hypertension and therefore do not support its usefulness as an early genetic marker of salt sensitivity in this disease.

Adult↗