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Biomedical subjects

V Grujić

Publications and source records attributed to V Grujić.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Identification of nuclear matrix and associated proteins that bind the haptoglobin gene cis-element.

To identify the major nuclear matrix proteins that bind to the rat haptoglobin gene cis-element, we isolated a soluble nuclear matrix protein fraction and analysed it by gel retardation. Two major DNA-binding proteins exhibiting different types of protein-DNA interactions were detected: a DNA sequence-specific 32-kDa isoform of transcription factor C/EBP beta, and a nuclear matrix protein p55 that bound to the DNA nonspecifically. During increased transcription of the haptoglobin gene in the course of the acute-phase reaction, the DNA-binding affinities and concentrations of these proteins in the soluble nuclear matrix fraction were increased. These data lend further evidence that the nuclear matrix is an active support structure that localizes gene regulatory proteins and participates in transcriptional regulation.

Acute-Phase Reaction↗
PubMed1996

Properties of nuclear matrix proteins that bind the 5' flanking region of the haptoglobin gene are changed during the acute-phase response.

It was previously shown that during the acute-phase response-induced elevated transcription of the rat haptoglobin gene, protein p55 and the lamins mediate the increased binding of restriction fragment II (-541/-146) via a 38 bp adenine tract lying 147 bp upstream from the haptoglobin gene cis element (-165/-56), to scaffold type II-like nuclear matrices. Here we show that the fragment II binding pattern to > or = 40 kDa proteins of nuclear matrices analogous to type I scaffolds is more complex. Fragment II bound conspicuously to a 40 and less so to p55, a 60 kDa protein and the lamins of control matrices. During increased gene transcription, it bound prominently to p55, the lamins, and less so to 45 and 52 kDa proteins. This was accompanied by the tenacious binding of the DNA to isolated nuclear matrices in vitro and post-translational modifications of certain matrix proteins. The lamins and p55 demonstrated a greater N-acetylglucosamine/sialic acid content and p55 an increased in vitro phosphorylation by a nuclear matrix-associated cyclic-nucleotide-independent kinase. The acute-phase response also caused an increased partitioning of p55 with the nuclear matrix. It was concluded that, as a result of a molecular remodelling of the nuclear matrix at the point of contact with chromatin, the nature of its association with region II DNA changed during elevated haptoglobin gene expression.

Acute-Phase Reaction↗
PubMed1996

[Measurement of efficiency and quality of work in hospitals and ambulatory facilities].

Facing high-cost health care and slow rate of economic growth, great attention must be paid to efficiency and quality of care in hospitals and ambulatory care facilities. This is a problem particularly in developing countries where extreme sums of money are spent on developing hospital capacities, whereas primary health care facilities are insufficient causing significant social differences among health care beneficiaries. At the same time, there exists a certain discontent because principles of equality, efficacy, efficiency and quality of health care including satisfaction of patients obtaining health care, are not pointed out in providing health care. Up to recent times it has been very hard to evaluate both qualitative and quantitative efficiency and quality of work in health care institutions, but today it is possible because the World Health Organization created indicators for this kind of evaluation.

Ambulatory Care Facilities↗
PubMed1993

[Knowledge, attitude and practice in school children regarding traffic accident injuries].

Injuries caused by accidents are great problem in our country as in the rest of the world. Most of the accidents strike children, teenagers and youngsters. The aim of this study was to investigate knowledge, attitudes and practice of schoolchildren regarding traffic and accidents. The children of III, IV, VII and VIII class in elementary school were interviewed by questionnaire. The great number of interviewed children didn't know enough about the traffic rules although they are active participants in traffic as bicyclists and pedestrians. Most of the accidents can be avoided and therefore prevention is important.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1992

[Primary health care and corresponding health technology in clinical practice].

The aim of the study was to find out what general practitioners know and perform in the primary health care. The interview comprised 22% of all general practitioners from the region Novi Sad. The results obtained show that general practitioners have knowledge about definition, content of the work, about their role and what should be done according to the principles of the primary health care. But their knowledge, especially on methods of health education and methods of early diagnosis of risk factors and diseases are not fully applied during routine work. In order to achieve their role as a key persons for health strategy general practitioners must be educated for programme work, for intersectoral coordination, for monitoring and evaluation of the results of their work.

Family Practice↗
PubMed1972

[Not Available].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

History, Modern 1601-↗
PubMed1970

[Not Available].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Forensic Medicine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Altered epidemiological characteristics of ulcer disease.

Dynamics and distribution of ulcer disease in population in the period 1987-1996 were analyzed on the basis of morbidity and mortality rate registered at clinics and institutes in Novi Sad. During the analyzed period 4.111 cases of ulcer disease were hospitalized and 47 with lethal outcome. Duodenal ulcer (2,739) is twice as frequent as gastric ulcer (1,372). Both localisations of ulcer disease are more frequent in males, and specific morbidity shows constant rise towards the older age groups. Duodenal ulcer shows sudden increase in the age group of over 20, and gastric ulcer in the age group of over 60. Gastric ulcer mortality (1.6%) is higher in comparison to duodenal ulcer mortality (0.9%) and it increases constantly towards the older age groups. Unfavourable result is statistically significantly higher in persons over 60. During the monitored period the increasing trend in duodenal ulcer is sharp, while figures in gastric ulcer are without significant changes. Both localisations have become a frequent health problem in population over 40 years of age.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The family physician within the health care system].

Having in mind the importance, place and role of a family physician within the health care system and its contribution to health improvement both of individuals and groups, the authors present the most important statements from the World Health Organisation's Charter for General Practice Family Medicine, and its characteristics--accessibility, integrity, continuity, team work, orientation towards the person, family and community, confidentiality, coordination. The paper also gives conditions for development of family medicine, such as structural, organisational and professional, as well as specific quality concerning the activity of a family physician.

Delivery of Health Care↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Role of primary health care in health promotion].

HEALTH PROMOTION AND DISEASE PREVENTION: In the mid '80s the World Health Organization initiated the "Health Promotion" program considered as an essential strategy in achieving the general objective "Health for all"--health promotion for the population. Promotional and preventive measures require support from the community, health politics and multisectoral approach. THE ROLE OF HEALTH SECTOR: Health sector has an essential role in health promotion and disease prevention. It requires reorientation of work, education and financing towards these levels of prevention. THE ROLE OF PRIMARY HEALTH CARE: Primary health care (PHC) is on essential part of health care and its main principles are equity, health promotion and disease prevention, community participation, appropriate health technology and multisectoral approach. Organizational and management key elements of PHC are strategic management, decentralization, coordination and development of strategic systems.

Health Promotion↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Health and social problems in the aged].

This study reviews data from a poll conducted in three municipalities of Vojvodina on health and social problems of 60-year old and older people (n = 104). Poverty and illness are the main two problems aged people have to deal with, whereas exhaustion, pains, moving around with difficulty, poor vision, heart and breathing problems, as well as cardiovascular diseases and diseases of the musculoskeletal system are the most frequent health problems. Socializing is poor in the old age. Every third aged person visits nobody, while every fifth aged person is visited by nobody. About 3% of examinees describe their relationships with children as negative. That is why it is necessary to organize a health care of the aged which should maintain health and functional abilities into the old age with adequate social care of both closed and open type as long as possible.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Biosocial aspects of physician-patient communication in general medicine].

Patient-physician communication is an essential part of the medical practice, especially in general practice. Accurate history-taking and proper physical examination are conditions for making correct diagnosis and corresponding therapeutic measures. A good patient-physician relationship is important when considering patient's satisfaction, which is one of indicators of quality assurance in health care. Former studies of patient-physician communication were mostly biomedical, while today they are more oriented towards the biosocial aspect of this communication. Most important health problems general practitioners meet and solve, or should solve today, are mostly caused by risk factors connected to behavior (diet, smoking, alcohol abuse etc.). All these factors can be influenced by various forms of education, while one of the ways is accepting the biopsychological approach (together with the biomedical) which should ensure better physician-patient communication, especially at the primary health care level.

Communication↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Quality of life and its measurement].

INTRODUCTION: At present quality of life has a significant place within health care and scientific research work. This interest is stimulated by the fact that people want to live, not just to survive. The problem of quality of life in persons whose lives could not be preserved, opens discussions concerning artificial subsistence of life, euthanasia etc. This is not a new topic. What is new is development of official ways to measure quality of life and their routine application. CONCEPT OF QUALITY OF LIFE: In general, quality of life can be defined as the level of well-being. It cannot be identified with health, but probably primarily with ability to conduct an economically and socially productive life. Quality of life refers to physical, psychological and social domains of health, being influenced by one's experience, beliefs, expectations and perceptions. There is no consensus concerning the concept of quality of life and according to the same authors it includes functional ability, level and quality of social interactions, physical welfare, somatic sensations and life satisfaction. Generally speaking concepts include numerous dimensions and possibilities occurring during life, to death itself (Table 1). Although objective dimension of health is important in assessment of patient's health, subjective estimation and expectations make, what is found to be an objective situation, experienced quality of life (Graph. 1). MEASURING QUALITY OF LIFE: The most difficult task is to present various segments of health into quantitative values. All data can be measured at nominal, ordinal, interval or ratio scales. The nominal scale uses numbers and other symbols in classification of characteristics. Categories cannot be classified according to volume and are mutually exclusive. Ordinal scales are used when measuring a limited number of categories classified according to quality. Interval scales measure an unlimited number of categories with equal intervals and they are without a real zero point. Ratio scales have all the characteristics of interval scales, but they have real zero points. CHOICE OF MEASURING INSTRUMENTS: There are different instruments to assess quality of life such as generic instruments, battery scales and modular instruments index methods and instruments. The measuring instruments should be reliable, valid, responsive and sensitive. QUALITY OF LIFE EVALUATION: Three design studies are most frequently used: cross-sectional or nonrandomized longitudinal studies, randomized studies of clinical interventions and cost-effective and cost benefit analyses.

Humans↗