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Biomedical subjects

V Herrmann

Publications and source records attributed to V Herrmann.

53 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

[Clinically significant histologic, histochemical and morphometric parameters in the evaluation of muscle biopsies].

Many of the diagnostic advances in the field of myopathies have been achieved by the examination of samples of muscle removed by biopsy. A muscle selected for biopsy must be obtained atraumatically with the fibres orientated longitudinally. Artefacts are avoided by freezing the sample in liquid nitrogen. The typing of muscle fibres by using the ATPase and dehydrogenase reactions is of advantage to the interpretation of muscle diseases. An accurate method for the determination of changes in the size of muscle fibres is a must. The construction of histograms, standard values for mean fibre diameters, the estimation of the proportion of various types of fibres, variability coefficient, atrophy and hypertrophy factors are a help. A few studies have been performed concerning the effect of a physical therapy on the composition of the fibres of skeletal muscles. A more differentiated physiotherapeutic treatment based on the histochemical and morphometrical results of the muscle biopsy is essential for the therapy of the myopathies.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1981

Muscular changes in carcinomas of the breast.

14 samples of the Musculus pectoralis major from patients with early stages of breast cancer and 3 samples from patients with nonmalignant mammary diseases were stored in liquid nitrogen and investigated histologically, histochemically and histometrically. Main changes are lipomatosis, fibre necrosis, occasionally perifascicular atrophy, metabolic changes (e.g. accumulation of lipids), and alterations of the activity of oxidative enzymes. Histometrically we found an atrophy of type 2-fibres. There may be relations between the degree of the muscle changes and the severity of the tumour disease. The paraneoplastic muscle disease is a "concomitant myopathy" and may be regarded as a "functional myopathy". In its development we can differentiate a phase of compensation and a phase of decompensation.

Atrophy↗
PubMed1979

Evaluation of intragastric pH in acutely ill patients.

The effect of various modalities on maintaining a high intragastric pH in acutely ill patients was evaluated. Twelve patients with one or more organ system failures had the effect of nasogastric suction, intragastric antacid instillation, and intravenous cimetidine administration on intragastric pH determined by an indwelling, intragastric pH probe. Each therapeutic modality was administered for 12 hours and the order of performance randomized. Nasogastric suction was associated with a constant intragastric pH of less than 2.0. Mean intragastric pH with cimetidine administration was significantly higher than with antacid administration and consistently greater than 5.0. If low intragastric pH represents susceptibility to acute mucosal lesions, cimetidine therapy was more effective than antacids in the doses and frequency of administration used in this study in maintaining a high intragastric pH, and it may be effective in preventing stress ulcer formation.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Electronmicroscopic investigations of N. trigeminus of rats during the phase of tumour induction by ethylnitrosourea (author's transl)].

A single subcutaneous application of ENU to newborn rats causes after 2--4 days lethal and sublethal toxic lesions in some of the Schwann cells and their corresponding axons and myelin sheaths. The sublethally damaged Schwann cells show mainly alterations of myelin sheath formation. The ensuing regeneration produces between the 28.--35. day not only normal Schwann cells but also abnormal ones. These are characterized by atypical nuclei and a gradual loss of their functional relation to axons and are therefore regarded as Schwann cells in blastomatous transformation. The deviation from the normal of the NAD-linked L-alpha-glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase caused by ENU correlates with the described morphological findings. Inspite of its partially unspecific character it may therefore be considered as an early indication of a beginning tumorous transformation.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

[Activity alterations of unspecific esterases during wound healing. Investigations by means of electrofocusing (author's transl)].

Electrofocusing of skin-wound extracts on polyacrylamide flat gels is appropriate for zymographic separation of the esterase isoenzymes. In animal experiments and corpse material most fractions indicated non-synchronous, wound-age depending alterations of activity. As early as 15 minutes after incision obvious activity increases of A1-3-isoenzymes could be demonstrated, followed by a transitory decrease and another maximum. Important activities of the A4-isoenzymes became evident not before the 1st (human) resp. 3rd hour (guinea pig) after incision. There are no sufficient correlations between activity alterations and wound age, to allow a fairly exact time interval classification.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Yeast dipeptidase: active site mapping by kinetic studies with substrates and substrate analogs.

In order to characterize the active site of yeast dipeptidase in more detail, kinetic studies with a variety of dipeptide substrates and substrate analogs were performed. To analyze kinetic data, computer programs were developed which first calculate initial velocities from progress curves and then evaluate the kinetic parameters by nonlinear regression analysis. A free carboxyl group is a prerequisite for binding of dipeptidase substrates; its position relative to the peptide bond must not deviate from the normal L-dipeptide conformation. The spatial arrangement of the terminal ammonium ion seems to be less crucial. The enzyme's substrate specificity clearly reflects the interactions of the substrate amino acid side chains with complementary dipeptidase subsites. The domain of the enzyme in contact with the C-terminal substrate side chain seems to be an open structure of moderately hydrophobic character. In contrast, the binding site for the amino-terminal side chain is a more strongly hydrophobic "pocket" of limited dimensions. The kinetics of inhibition by free amino acids points to an ordered release of products from the enzyme.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1975

The Blalock-Hanlon procedure. Simple transposition of the great arteries.

Between 1959 and 1975 at St. Louis University Medical Center, 71 patients underwent surgery with the Blalock-Hanlon technique. Thirty-nine had simple transposition of the great vessels. The mean age at the time of operation was 3.4 weeks. Sixty-four percent were less than 1 month of age. Eighty-five percent survived the operation. In 11 the Blalock-Hanlon procedure was performed after failure of ballon septostomy. Arterial saturation was increased from a mean of 47% to 73%. There were three late deaths prior to Mustard repair (intra-atrial baffle procedure). Sixteeen patients underwent Mustard repair at a mean age of 4 years and a mean follow-up of 2 1/2 years. There were three deaths after surgery and three late deaths after the Mustard procedure. The Blalock-Hanlon procedure achieves prolonged palliation, avoiding an emergency Mustard procedure in infancy with its risk of late vena caval obstruction.

Cardiac Surgical Procedures↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[SAFYRE. A new concept for adjustable minimally invasive sling for female urinary stress incontinence].

INTRODUCTION: SAFYRE is a new readjustable and minimally invasive sling for the treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Attempts to restore the normal suburethral hammock using an anatomical approach have been made in recent years. The authors report their experience with this device, which associates the efficacy of slings with readjustability. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 100 consecutive patients with clinical and urodynamic diagnosis of SUI underwent SAFYRE sling procedure. The age range was from 40 to 71, mean age 63 years. Seventy-five patients (75%) presented previous failed anti-incontinence procedures. Physical clinical examination, stress test, pad use and a urodynamic study were performed before the surgery. All the patients presented symptoms of SUI and 30% also reported mild urgency. RESULTS: The average follow up period was 14 months (12-30 months). The mean operative time was of 25 minutes. Dystopia repair was performed whenever necessary, during the same procedure. The average hospital stay was 24 hours. In 3% of the implants, bladder perforation occurred. During the postoperative period, 26 patients developed urgency symptoms. During that follow up period, 92% were found to be continent, 3% reported an improvement and 5% were dissatisfied. CONCLUSION: SAFYRE is a safe and quick procedure that allows for postoperative readjustment. This technique may be an attractive alternative if the good result obtained so far proves to be long lasting.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Pancytopenia after removal of copper from total parenteral nutrition.

Patients who develop cholestatic jaundice during chronic total parenteral nutrition (TPN) can develop significant hematologic complications due to hypocupremia if copper supplementation is withheld. A 36-year-old female with short bowel syndrome developed progressive liver dysfunction 6 months after initiation of TPN. Trace elements were omitted from her TPN because of cholestasis and persistent hyperbilirubinemia. Despite chronic diarrhea, absorption of some dietary copper was anticipated from her oral diet. Fifteen months later, the patient became red cell transfusion dependent, and her neutrophil and platelet counts steadily declined. After 19 months of receiving TPN without trace elements, her serum copper level was 25 microLg/dL (normal: 70 to 155 microg/dL). Provision of trace elements for 2 months was associated with increased serum copper, neutrophil and platelet counts and independence from red cell transfusions. When the serum copper level reached 186 microg/dL, copper supplementation was discontinued. Over the next 3 months, serum copper level fell to 10 microg/dL, neutrophil and platelet counts fell precipitously, and red cell transfusions were resumed. Once again, copper, neutrophil and platelet levels promptly rebounded with parenteral copper supplementation. Although anemia and neutropenia are well-recognized hematologic consequences of copper deficiency, thrombocytopenia rarely has been reported. This is the first report of pancytopenia secondary to TPN-related copper deficiency in which the association was confirmed when hypocupremia recurred.

Adult↗