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Biomedical subjects

V Hingst

Publications and source records attributed to V Hingst.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

The influence of pre- and intraoperative positioning of the condyle in the centre of the articular fossa on the position of the disc in orthognathic surgery. A magnetic resonance study.

OBJECTIVE: We investigated the changes in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) after bilateral sagittal split osteotomy of the mandible for orthognathic surgery and the influence of positioning of the condylar process in the centre of the articular fossa before and during the operation for preventing changes in the TMJ postoperatively. STUDY DESIGN: A total of 28 patients with mandibular retrognathism had bilateral sagittal split osteotomies for mandibular advancement. In one group of 14 patients (28 TMJ), the condyles were placed in the centre of the articular fossa before and during the operation, and in the other group they were not. Differences on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were calculated and the results were evaluated. RESULTS: The main differences were found at maximal mouth opening. 15/28 TMJs (54%) that had not been positioned changed the position of the disc from physiological to anterior disc derangement with and without reduction postoperatively. In the 28 that had been positioned, changes were found in only 3 TMJs (11%) postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: Fixing the condylar process in the centre of the articular fossa intraoperatively before bilateral sagittal split osteotomy is a factor in preventing postoperative structural changes in the temporomandibular joint.

Humans↗
PubMed2004

[The methodology and accuracy of MRI-based orbital volume calculations].

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present work was to establish a method for orbital volume calculation based on MR scanning data for the sake of better radiation hygiene. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The orbital volumes of 35 ophthalmologically healthy children were calculated on the basis of MRI scans. After data transfer to a separate workstation, volumetric analysis was carried out by two independent radiologists using semi-automated software. The accuracy of the calculated values was compared with orbital volumes measured by anatomic preparations and given in studies by various authors. RESULTS: Volume calculation was possible in all patients using MRI data. There is an acceptable agreement with the presented anatomic facts and the measured values of Bentheley. In the Wilcoxon test there was not a big difference between the courses of the values (p = 0.507). CONCLUSION: Even though we can obtain a better image of the bizarre structure of the bony orbits with CT, MR-based volumetry of the orbit is a reliable method and is not burdened by radiation exposure. It can thus be an important condition for the planning and the controlling of modern therapeutic concepts in treating anophthalmos and microphthalmos.

Aging↗
PubMed2004

[Orbital volume in congenital clinical anophthalmos].

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study is to report orbital volume measurement results in patients with congenital clinical anophthalmia before and after therapy and to compare them with normal values. PATIENTS AND METHOD: Normal values were obtained from 35 healthy children (22 boys, 13 girls; aged 3 month to 7 years) in whom MRI was done for non-ophthalmological reasons. 18 patients with congenital anophthalmos could be included, 9 with bilateral, 8 with unilateral disease and 1 microphthalmos. 6 of them had MRI follow-up (more than one examination). RESULTS: Orbital volume at birth is 7 ml and it increases with age: Orbital volume = 7.701 x age (month) (0.2484) ml. It is around 14.2 ml at the age 1 year, 17 ml with 2 years and reaches 23 ml with 7 years. In unilateral clinical anophthalmos orbital volume is 35 to 58 % compared with the healthy side and 31 to 65 % compared with the normal values. In bilateral cases the volume is 43 to 70 % of the normal value. During treatment it develops in parallel to the normal values. CONCLUSIONS: The normal values measured by our group are in accordance with the only published study by Bentley . MRI orbital volumetry is a reliable method without using radiation. It allows us to quantify the bony asymmetry and is suitable for therapy control when using orbital expanders. The congenital missing eye might be the most important reason why the orbit does not develop in the normal way to a normal size. Self-inflating high, hydrophilic hydrogel expanders do not seem to be able to compensate this, in spite of the fact that they work very well to prepare the socket for a prosthesis.

Aging↗
PubMed2003

[An intraosseous hemangioma in the perpendicular lamina of the ethmoid bone].

The incidence of intraosseous hemangiomas is very low. Most of them occur in adult females. The mandible,the zygoma,the maxilla, and the frontal and nasal bones are the areas of most frequent localization in the facial region. The intraosseous hemangioma is a benign, slowly growing,bony hard tumor causing facial deformity. It is diagnosed histologically. We report a case of an 18-year-old male with an intraosseous cavernous hemangioma located in the perpendicular lamina of the ethmoid bone. Intraosseous hemangioma often has characteristic signs on a CT scan, with either coarsened trabeculae lying adjacent to the vascular channels or multifocal lytic areas creating a honeycomb pattern. Because of the age of the patient we considered a midline granuloma and a chondrosarcoma. The therapy of choice is surgical excision; radiation is done in exceptional cases only.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Danger from exploding fireworks and blank firearms].

Explosive amusement and deterrent articles such as New Year's Eve cannons and rockets, toy pistols, and blank guns are not at all harmless items. Their potential dangerousness is often extremely underestimated. Two damaging mechanisms are important: during explosions, high pressures and temperatures develop and a considerable sound pressure level can be measured. If the explosion happens near the human body (intentionally or inadvertently), not only superficial lesions can occur, but also (mainly due to contact shots) serious, deep-seated tissue damage, especially in the head and neck region with its endangered sense organs such as eye and ear, the vessels and nerves supplying the brain, the speech- and voice-forming apparatus, and in particular the face, can be the consequence. Their mutilation can lead to serious and extensive interpersonalchanges. Accidents are published in the relevant otological and forensic medical papers, but nevertheless it seems important to us to point out the dangerousness of these readily available items.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

New osmotically active hydrogel expander for enlargement of the contracted anophthalmic socket.

BACKGROUND: Clinical anophthalmia is characterized by the absence of an eyeball within the orbit and can result in overall growth retardation of the facial skeleton. The goal of treatment consists of fitting a serial prosthesis following rapid expansion of the contracted socket as soon as possible to achieve cosmetically acceptable eyelid and orbital symmetry. METHODS: Four children, aged 3-11 months, were treated by implantation of an anhydrous, highly hydrophilic tissue expander into the rudimentary conjunctival sac. With hydration of up to 98% in 72 h, the copolymer of methylmethacrylate and vinylpyrrolidone acts like an osmotically self-inducing socket expander. RESULTS: In the course of 2 months the previous contracted socket was enlarged, the horizontal lid length increased and the hydrated expander could be exchanged for a custom-made glass prosthesis. CONCLUSION: Preliminary results suggest that this new device can be used to avoid early plastic surgery of the eyelid. In addition, it also may enlarge the volume of the bony orbit.

Anophthalmos↗
PubMed1999

Detecting legionellosis by unselected culture of respiratory tract secretions and developing links to hospital water strains.

For a 13-month period, all respiratory tract secretions submitted for routine bacteriology from a large hospital complex were cultured for legionella, irrespective of clinical diagnosis and laboratory requests. Ten cases of legionellosis were detected in this manner, three of which met a strict epidemiological definition of hospital-acquired. Therefore, the 16 warm-water systems of the hospitals, spread out over two locations, were examined for the presence of legionella. Legionella pneumophila was found in 15 warm water systems, with a distinct pattern of serogroups between the two locations. Legionella of the same serogroups as those isolated from patients were present in each hospital water supply. The isolates were further typed by monoclonal antibodies and by genomic macrorestriction analysis. Similarity between clinical and environmental isolates was found in seven cases. In these cases, acquisition from the hospital water supply appears very likely. The strains of the remaining three patients did not match those in hospital water, suggesting that community-acquired legionellosis was occurring as well. This study suggests that routinely culturing respiratory tract secretions of pneumonia patients for legionella can help diagnose unsuspected cases of legionellosis. Typing legionella strains beyond the serogroup level with tools such as macrorestriction analysis is useful to define sources of infection, which can then be targeted for control measures.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[Optic nerve sheath meningioma with intraocular invasion--a case report].

BACKGROUND: In case a sonographically high reflective intraocular tumor is detected, some different processes with calcium embedding could be considered. PATIENT: A 56 year-old female patient was seen in our department for the first time because of secondary glaucoma of the amaurotic right eye. The left eye has had no morphological changes and visual acuity was 5/5. CASE HISTORY: More than 20 years ago the patient had noticed decreased visual acuity of the right eye for the first time. 10 years ago in a first report from another eye hospital, a large white tumor in the area of the optic disc had been described. Sonographic size was 12 x 8 mm, 5.3 mm prominence. Visual acuity was perception of light with incorrect projection. A CT scan showed an inhomgeneous structure of calcification in the area of the right optic disc which continued along the optic nerve to intracranial structures. Enucleation was performed. Histopathological examination showed meningothelial meningeoma (grade I WHO) with its origin in the dural sheath of the optic nerve and intraocular growth. A postoperative MRI confirmed the intracranial spreading of the meningeoma along the dural sheath of the optical nerve. A meningeoma of the olfactorius region was found as a second independent tumor. CONCLUSION: The intraocular spread of an optical nerve sheath meningeoma is a rare case.

Calcinosis↗
PubMed1995

[Epidemiology of microbial resistance to biocides].

In order to estimate the distribution of bacteria and fungi with an elevated level of resistance to antimicrobial substances, we have analyzed water samples and surveyed institutions presumably concerned with analyses of microbial resistance (university institutes for hygiene, health authorities) by means of questionnaire. A total of 41 water samples was drawn from various aquatic biotopes in the region of Heidelberg. The samples originated from the effluents of a community sewage treatment plant, from the Neckar river, from drinking water supplies and from public swimming pools. The following substance groups were included in a search for bacteria with an elevated resistance to antiseptics and disinfectants: Aldehydes, biguanides, quaternary ammonium compounds (QAC), phenols and halogen. Upon determination of the maximal tolerated concentrations to these antimicrobial agents, samples of treated wastewater effluents showed a considerably higher prevalence of bacteria resistant to formaldehyde, chlorhexidine and QAC. The highest levels of resistance were found in Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Enterobacter species. The maximal tolerated level of 0.06 percent formaldehyde by weight was considerably higher than the levels tolerated by the corresponding ATCC reference strains. The highest levels of resistance to a biguanid/QAC preparation were seen in isolates of Alcaligenes species and Providencia species, with a maximal tolerated level of 0.5 volume percent. In addition, several isolates of E. coli and Klebsiella species were observed which showed a considerably higher level of resistance to the biguanide preparation as compared to the corresponding ATCC reference strains. A questionnaire was mailed to a series of institutions and companies presumably concerned with problems of microbial resistance. Responses were in accordance with our own observations, both with regard to the spectrum of bacteria observed and to the antimicrobial substances concerned.

Aldehydes↗
PubMed1994

[Palliative antineoplastic chemotherapy of patients with head and neck tumors].

Palliative chemotherapy in patients with head and neck cancer after failing previous treatment is generally accepted clinically although real benefits for patients remain controversial. Proponents may feel morally obliged to offer patients this remaining opportunity for further care. Additionally, palliative therapy may have certain favorable effects for the patient, such as pain relief and facilitating swallowing. Critics note that there is no prolongation of survival time and patients may experience a decreased quality of life because of side effects due to treatment. In these cases antineoplastic drugs cannot be targeted to the tumor region because patients develop a poor tissue vascularity in areas previously radiated or operated upon. Our department has treated 34 patients with advanced cancers, using single drug therapy with carboplatin in 19 patients and methotrexate in 6 patients and combination chemotherapy with cisplatin and methotrexate in 9 patients. The average survival time following palliative chemotherapy was 6.5 months. When patients experienced serious side effects and decreased quality of life, therapy was discontinued. However, two patients with inoperable tumors of the epipharynx undergoing this form of treatment survived for 18 and 24 months respectively, with an improved quality of life, as detailed in this report. The best palliative results were achieved in patients with tumors of the nasopharynx, nose and paranasal sinuses when compared to other head and neck localizations. These results were independent of the T-stage but were especially notable in patients without tumor involvement in neck lymph nodes or N1 tumors.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Prevalence of enteropathogenic and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in children with and without diarrhoea in Esteli, Nicaragua.

In Esteli, Las Segovias, Nicaragua, the frequency of isolations of enteropathogenic (EPEC), and enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) was investigated in 100 children with (n = 50) and without diarrhoea (n = 50). EPEC was found to be significantly (p < 0.05) more frequent in diarrhoeal (16%) than in healthy children (4%). Detailed analyses revealed that 6 serotypes of E. coli were involved. Isolation of ETEC was not statistically significantly different (p > 0.05) in diarrhoeal (28%) and healthy children (16%). Determination of the susceptibility of isolated E. coli indicated a high level of resistance to common antimicrobial drugs. These resistant strains of E. coli might become a health problem in this part of Nicaragua.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1992

Influence of vaccination schedules and host factors on antibody response following hepatitis B vaccination.

In a prospective multicentre trial, the influence of schedule, compliance, age, sex and weight on the antibody response to hepatitis B vaccination was investigated. Comparison of the vaccination schedules 0, 1, 6 months (group 1; n = 143) and 0, 1, 2, 12 months (group 2; n = 141) was performed in months 3, 7 and 12. In addition, the antibody response was compared one month after the third and one and six months after the last vaccination. Seroprotection rates (anti-HBs greater than 10 IU/l) and antibody titres, given as geometric means (GMTs), were higher in group 1 at month 12 as well as one month after completion of three immunizations. More vaccinees of group 2, however, showed seroprotection at month 3 with higher GMTs. In addition, GMTs in group 2 were higher both one month and six months after the last vaccine dose. Determination of parallel corrected correlation factors demonstrated that age was the most important single factor, followed by body weight and sex. However, no more than 3% of the variation in the GMT can be explained by the influence of age. Due to decreased compliance with the four-dose schedule with a drop-out rate of approximately 10% of the vaccinees, the total percentage of initial vaccinees who in the end developed protective antibody levels was higher in the 0, 1, 6 months schedule. Thus, it can be concluded that subjects likely to comply will benefit from the 0, 1, 2, 12 months schedule as more rapid protection is obtained and the higher antibody levels after the booster vaccination at month 12 provide longer protection. However, vaccinees whose compliance might be questionable over a period of 12 months, should be selected for the vaccination 0, 1, 6 months schedule as compliance is at a higher level over this period and advantage can be taken of the booster effect of the third dose given in month 6.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Evaluation of the efficacy of surgical hand disinfection following a reduced application time of 3 instead of 5 min.

The guidelines of the German Society for Hygiene and Microbiology for the evaluation of disinfectants suggest an application time of 5 min for surgical scrub products. In a comparative investigation, which included the more important basic substances and agents, tests were carried out to investigate whether it was possible to reduce the application time to 3 min without losing efficiency in both the immediate as well as the prolonged effect of bacterial reduction. It was found that this could be achieved by certain products, depending on the formula and type of active substance. Thus, a reduced application time of 3 min can be considered for the evaluation of surgical scrub disinfectants for national and international guidelines.

1-Propanol↗
PubMed1992

[B-streptococci in obstetrics--risks and consequences of maternal colonization and neonatal contamination].

2,373 mothers and their newborn were studied during two years with respect to B streptococci colonisation or contamination. Bacteriological, vaginal and anal smears were taken from mothers at the beginning of parturition, as well as the amnion and the aspirated stomach contents of the newborn, employing, in each case, conventional culture methods and a latex agglutination test as a rapid testing method. Smears from the ears were also taken from the newborn for bacteriological examination. The vertical transmission and its possible influencing variables were examined in 1,328 mother/child pairs of the first observation year. Surface contamination of the newborn was confirmed in 10% in at least one smear. In the group of mothers with B streptococci colonisation, the amnion showed the highest rate of contamination (43%), followed by the aspirated stomach contents (26%) and the ear smears (taken from each side separately) with 28% and 30% respectively. Vertical transmission was decisively influenced by vaginal maternal colonisation (50% of the cases resulting in contamination of newborn), whereas anal colonisation, if it was the only site of colonisation, resulted in contamination of newborn in only 32% of the cases. The rate of contamination of newborn dropped significantly from 50% to 20% after intrapartal antibiotic prophylaxis, the latter appearing to be meaningful only after at least 6 hours of exposure. In this group, the surface contamination could be reduced from 61% to 8%. A group of newborn suffering from early onset of sepsis (0.4%), was compared with a group of 13 newborn at risk of infection (0.9%) with established surface contamination and clinical or laboratory chemistry confirmation of infection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Ampicillin↗