Biomedical subjects

V Hoikka

Publications and source records attributed to V Hoikka.

41 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMed1981

Osteomalacia in institutionalized epileptic patients on long-term anticonvulsant therapy.

The occurrence of anticonvulsant osteomalacia was studied in 31 epileptic inpatients, 16 women and 15 men. Disturbances in biochemical parameters indicating osteomalacia were frequent. Thirty two per cent of the patients were hypocalcemic, 55% had an increase in S-ALP and 26% in U-HOP, and dU-Ca was decrease in 55%. The S-25OHD3 concentrations were significantly lower in the patients compared with healthy controls. BMD was decreased in females but not in males compared wih the controls. Histomorphometric analysis revealed an increase in the amount of osteoid, but the amount of trabecular bone was no lower than in the controls. The amount of resorption surfaces was increased in the females, but not in the males. The patients who took less physical activity had a pronounced decrease in BMD. The conclusion drawn was that osteomalacia is a frequent complication of long-term anticonvulsant medication, especially among institutionalized patients.

Adult↗

PubMed1981

Histomorphometric normal values of the iliac crest cancellous bone in a Finnish autopsy series.

A histomorphometric analysis of the iliac crest cancellous bone from 85 cadavers of different ages was performed to obtain normal values for the trabecular bone. The cadavers had not had any medication or disease that could disturb bone mineral metabolism. The bone specimens were embedded in methyl methacrylate and the histomorphometric values analysed from five micron thick bone sections. The density of trabecular bone diminished significantly with age in women and men. The density of the osteoid and the extent of the osteoid seams did not change with age, nor was there any change in the extent of trabecular resorption surfaces with age.

Adult↗

PubMed1980

Treatment of osteoporosis with 1-alpha-hydroxycholecalciferol and calcium.

A double-blind comparative study of 1 alpha-OHD3 and placebo was performed on 37 patients with osteoporotic hip fracture without clinical osteomalacia. 1 alpha-OHD3, in a dose of 1 microgram/day together with 2.5 g CaCO3, did not heal osteoporosis as judged from determinations of bone mineral density and histomorphometric analyses during four months of treatment. However, 1 alpha-OHD3 seemed to have an effect on fracture healing as concluded from the posttreatment alkaline phosphatase level. Hypercalcemia was common, occurring in six out of 19 patients treated with 1 alpha-OHD3. It is concluded that treatment of osteoporosis with 1 alpha-OHD3 and calcium is ineffective and potentially dangerous because it frequently causes hypercalcemia.

Aged↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Intertrochanteric varus osteotomy in Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease: a report of 112 hips.

The results of 112 intertrochanteric femoral varus osteotomies performed on 102 children with Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease were analyzed. The result worsened with the increasing age of the patient at operation. It was seldom good when the patients age was greater than or equal to 9 years. Catterall grouping and the concept of head at risk were of prognostic significance in patients operated on before 9 years of age and before the disease had reached the healing phase. No correlation was observed between the result and the femoral neck-shaft angle measured preoperatively and after consolidation of the osteotomy.

Age Factors↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Ochronosis: a report of a case and a review of literature.

A patient with alkaptonuria and ochronotic pigment deposited in articular cartilage and sclerae clinically manifested a serious osteoarthritis of the peripheral and axial joints and synchondrosis, typically involved in long lasting cases of this hereditary defect of homogentisic acid oxidase. This is the first patient with this disorder reported, where a non-cemented total knee prosthesis (PCAR) was applied on both knees. This was possible due to the good quality of the bone stock, which did not seem to be impaired by ochronosis. Our patient had no cardiac symptoms or murmurs, but had a slight calcification in the annulus of aorta observed with echocardiography, a useful new method for screening this disease manifestation. A third new aspect reported is the immunopathology of the synovial tissue. Small pieces of torn-off cartilage were seen embedded in the synovial stroma. This was associated with a slight hyperplasia of the C3bi-receptor positive and proline hydroxylase positive type A and B synovial lining cells. Perivenular infiltrates contained CD2 positive T lymphocytes, mostly belonging to the CD4 subset, and some C3bi-receptor positive monocytes. Activated CD25 positive and immunoglobulin light chain positive T and B lymphocytes were absent or few. Because modern medicine has much to offer to those suffering from this ancient inborn error of metabolism in the form of new specific diagnostic methods and new surgical modes of treatment, such as endoprosthesis surgery and cardiac valve replacement, we also present a literature overview of this interesting condition.

Dioxygenases↗