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Biomedical subjects

V Huber-Spitzy

Publications and source records attributed to V Huber-Spitzy.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Treatment of Ocular Chlamydial Infection: Comparison of Tetracyclines and Norfloxacin].

The unilateral follicular conjunctivitis with corneal marginal infiltrates represents a clinical picture typical for two different types of bacteria: chlamydiae may cause a keratoconjunctivitis always combined with urethritis or colpitis; on the other hand staphylococci may be the reason for the same clinical features, whereas the marginal corneal infiltrates are caused in these cases by immunological reactions to the bacterial toxins. After harvesting material for bacterial investigations or direct immunofluorescence test for the detection of chlamydial antigen, 2-3 days are necessary until the results of the examinations are ready. From January 1991 until the end of 1991 a total of 60 patients with the diagnosis of chlamydial infection underwent ophthalmological investigations at our outpatient clinic. In our study we compared the efficacy and safety of topical tetracyclines and 0.3% norfloxacin solution in the treatment of chlamydial keratoconjunctivitis. Within the bacterial genus, staphylococci (S. aureus, S. epidermidis and S. saprophyticus) were the most frequently isolated organisms (60%). Nearly one third of the staphylococci were resistant to tetracyclines. Therefore there are two indications to postulate norfloxacin as a practicable alternative: at the beginning of therapy until the results of the bacterial investigation are available and in the case of persisting bacterial superinfection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Circulating ICAM-1 levels in serum of uveitis patients.

Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 (ICAM-1) is a cytokine-inducible adhesion molecule expressed on cells of multiple lineages at sites of inflammation. Recently a truncated form of ICAM-1 has been discovered to be circulating in serum. This study reports on circulating serum (cICAM-1) levels in 132 uveitis patients (HLA-B 27 pos. acute anterior uveitis (AAU); HLA-B27 neg. anterior uveitis (AU); intermediate uveitis (IU); heterochromic cyclitis Fuchs (HCF); sarcoidosis; Toxoplasmosis). Measurement of circulating ICAM-1 serum levels was performed using a monoclonal antibody based ELISA, with healthy blood donors serving as the control group. Applying multiple variance analysis and the Student Newmann-Keuls test we found a statistically significant elevation of serum cICAM-1 level in the HLA-B 27 neg. AU group (n:31), in the IU group (n:25) and in patients with sarcoidosis (n:18). Serum levels of HLA-B27 pos. AAU patients, patients with HCF and patients suffering from ocular toxoplasmosis did not differ significantly from levels of the control group.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1992

Pediatric and perinatal reference intervals for immunoglobulin light chains kappa and lambda.

In routine analysis for immunoglobulin light chains in pediatric diagnostics, the age-related reference intervals for serum kappa (kappa) and lambda (lambda) light chains were evaluated in 1543 healthy subjects (newborns to age 16 years, including 168 premature infants). Light-chain analysis was performed by rate nephelometry. IgG, IgA, and IgM were measured simultaneously, and heavy- and light-chain differences were calculated for control purposes. Results for IgG, IgA, and IgM generally agreed with reference intervals reported in the literature. kappa showed age-related changes comparable with changes in IgG concentrations, whereas lambda showed moderate fluctuations. The kappa/lambda ratio showed an almost linear increase with age, starting with 0.97 at four months and reaching the highest value of 2.21 at 15 years (mean values). Preterm infants presented with markedly low serum concentrations of IgG and corresponding light chains but with adult-type kappa/lambda ratios because of the maternal-origin IgG.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Blepharitis--a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. A report on 407 consecutive cases.

Over the last few years the number of patients with chronic bilateral blepharitis has increased dramatically. From January 1985 until the end of 1989, a total of 407 patients with this diagnosis underwent ophthalmological and dermatological investigations at our out-patient clinic. Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) in conjunction with blepharitis occurred in 14.5% of the patient population who also suffered from acne rosacea. A comparison of the spectrum of microorganisms that have previously been isolated from affected sites with data obtained in the present study revealed that the range of microorganisms associated with this chronic localized inflammation has apparently shifted in recent years. The prevalence of Staphylococcus aureus, which was considerable in the pre-antibiotic era, has markedly decreased, although a distinct entity of staphylococcal blepharitis seems to remain, either alone or in combination with seborrheic blepharitis (62.8% of our patients). The clinical picture, microbiological findings and therapy for this condition are presented.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Capsular sack implantation of heparin-modified posterior chamber lenses].

In a prospective study, heparin surface modified posterior chamber lenses were implanted into the capsular bag in 50 patients. The exact positioning of the biconvex, one-piece lens in the bag is the prerequisite for good centration and for an optimal result. The hydrophilisation of the originally hydrophobic PMMA material is achieved by heparin surface modification and results in less inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the postoperative behavior of the HSM posterior chamber lens implanted in the bag, with special consideration given to intraocular inflammation. In the postoperative follow-up time of one to seven months, hundred percent of the patients with physiological fundus reached a postoperative visual acuity of 0.7 or better.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

HLA typing from human donor eyes.

A method for HLA-ABC and HLA-DR typing of human donor eyes using pigmented retinal epithelial and uveal cells cultured in the presence of human recombinant gamma-interferon is described.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Acanthamoeba keratitis--a too seldom diagnosed disease?].

Acanthamoeba keratitis has become a difficult diagnostic and management problem in contact lens patients over the last few years. A young female contact lens wearer presented with a long history of painful central corneal ulcer. The suspected diagnosis of Acanthamoeba keratitis could only be confirmed by histology and electron microscopy following penetrating keratoplasty. Special stains of scrapings and culture of material on special media failed to establish the diagnosis. This rare (or underdiagnosed?) infection must be considered in the differential diagnosis of keratitis following contact lens wear.

Acanthamoeba↗
PubMed1989

[Hydrogel posterior chamber lenses--an improvement?].

Although the design of PMMA intraocular lenses has reached a stage of sophistication at which further modifications are unlikely to result in any major improvements in implant surgery, new materials with possibly improved mechanical and biologic properties should be evaluated carefully. The hydrogel lens (containing 38% poly-HEMA) is a soft, flexible, hydrophilic "single-piece" posterior chamber lens which could help to minimize intraoperative and postoperative IOL trauma. Fifty hydrogel intraocular lenses were implanted during a ten-month period using a standard extracapsular cataract extraction technique. Implantation was considered easy in most cases. As regards biocompatibility, stability of lens position, and visual acuity, the postoperative results are promising. In the follow-up period reported on, no central opacification of the posterior lens capsule was observed.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Necrotizing destruction of the ocular adnexa by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

In a six weeks old boy, a necrotizing Pseudomonas infection had destroyed nearly the whole lid apparatus, the lacrimal structures of the right eye and the medial canthal region, the medial thirds of the eyelids and the lacrimal passages on the left side. The infection was only controlled by intensive antibiotic therapy after more than two weeks. The exposure keratitis of the right eye was followed by corneal perforation, two months after the beginning of the therapy. A keratoplasty was performed, but soon a staphyloma and later, dense scarring developed. After the haematological and immunological situation was under control we could contemplate covering the large defect in the medial canthal area (open right canalis nasolacrimalis) at the age of seven months. The right lower lid has to be reconstructed later. The left eyelid defects have closed by spontaneous granulation. The little boy is no longer receiving antibiotic treatment and is developing very well.

Conjunctivitis↗
PubMed1988

[Keratomycosis caused by Candida albicans].

A 78-year-old female patient developed mycotic keratitis in her right eye three months after penetrating keratoplasty. Multiple myeloma is presumed to have been the predisposing factor. Candida albicans was isolated from the aqueous humor at the time of surgery. Treatment consisted of systemic ketoconazole (p.o.) and miconazole (i.v.); miconazole eye drops were applied topically and amphotericin B was instilled into the anterior chamber. Resolution of the corneal infection was ultimately achieved with this therapy.

Aged↗
PubMed1987

[The pathogen spectrum in neonatal dacryocystitis].

The most common cause of congenital dacryostenosis is the persistence of Hasner's membrane, which in more than 90% of cases perforates during the first 4 to 6 weeks. If no perforation occurs, the tears gather in the lacrimal duct and lacrimal sac until the system is full and an inflammation starts. Formerly, dacryocystitis neonatorum was caused mainly by gram-positive cocci, in particular Streptococcus Pneumoniae; the primary cause now, in consequence of the abuse of antibiotics, are the gram-negative enterobacteriaceae. The most common agent still is Staphylococcus, which is becoming more and more resistant to gentamycin (26.5%). During the past 3 years 64 infants have been examined at the Second Eye Clinic of Vienna University. Smears were taken from the purulent discharge and tested in the usual microbiological way. The study shows the importance of exact diagnosis and specific therapy.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1987

[Ophthalmia neonatorum].

Silver nitrate prophylaxis against ophthalmia neonatorum due to Neissera Gonorrhoeae was introduced by Crédé in 1884, when he instilled a drop of 2% silver nitrate into the cul-de-sac of a newborn. Today, the prime cause of ophthalmia neonatorum is infection by Chlamydia trachomatis. The high incidence of this type of conjunctivitis is due to the frequent exposure of the newborn during delivery and to the ineffectiveness of silver nitrate as a prophylaxis against Chlamydia. In the study reported here, 198 infants less than one month old were examined because of severe bilateral conjunctivitis. In the first week of life a chemical irritation caused by Crédé's prophylaxis was found in the majority (59.7%), but in the second and third weeks infections with Chlamydia trachomatis were found in 27% of all cases. Bacteria were responsible for the infection in 52% of the cases. No gonococci were found in any of the patients examined in the course of the study.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1986

[Etiology of infectious diseases of the outside of the eye].

This study emphasizes the importance of accurate diagnosis and therapy. Modern laboratory techniques were used to scan conjunctival swabs from 287 patients with 305 red eyes between 1.1. 1985 and 1.6. 1985. 17 patients (5.9%) showed Chlamydia infection. The main bacterial organism found was Staphylococcus, mostly of a resistant strain. Allergic conjunctivitis and typical viral infections were not considered in this study. As reported in the recent literature eye infections caused by Chlamydia trachomatis are increasing in number.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Effect of timolol on aqueous humor protein concentration in the human eye.

We performed a double-masked, controlled study investigating the increase in the protein concentration in aqueous humor after topical timolol maleate administration. Forty patients scheduled to undergo intracapsular cataract surgery were included in the study. Either timolol ophthalmic solution or the vehicle of timolol alone (control) were applied topically in a randomized fashion, and aqueous humor was collected during surgery. Protein concentrations were determined by gel-filtration chromatography. The total protein concentration as well as the concentration of high and medium molecular weight proteins were significantly elevated in the timolol-treated group. The relation of the levels of the three different molecular weight classes did not differ significantly between the two groups, indicating that undisturbed protein filtration in the face of reduced aqueous humor production--and not a change in the permeability of the blood-aqueous barrier--is responsible for the increase in concentration.

Aqueous Humor↗
PubMed1986

[Post-traumatic endophthalmitis caused by Bacillus cereus].

A young man with severe endophthalmitis caused by B. cereus is described following a trauma with an intraocular foreign body. Although this organism was isolated from the aqueous with 18 hours and specific antibiotic therapy instituted, the eye subsequently lost all function and had to be enucleated because of severe pain. An extremely rapidly developing corneal ring abscess seems to be the hallmark of an intraocular infection with B. cereus organisms.

Abscess↗
PubMed1985

[Treatment of venous thrombosis of the retina with prostacyclin].

Prostacyclin (PGI2) was used in the treatment of 10 patients with retinal venous thrombosis. All changes in 6 eyes with the non-ischaemic type of venous obstruction resolved completely, with marked visual improvement. The course of 3 ischaemic venous thromboses was unaffected by the treatment. In one eye ischaemic retinal areas were first noted months after therapy. All ischaemic fundi were subjected to adequate laser coagulation. In spite of the small number of patients it can be concluded that PGI2 does not seem to alter the course of the ischaemic type of retinal venous thrombosis.

Epoprostenol↗
PubMed1985

[Necrotizing pseudomonas infection of the eyelids and lacrimal ducts with orbital involvement in a newborn infant].

A newborn boy presented with severe, bilateral, necrotic blepharitis and dacryocystitis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The possible etiology of this infection would be a transient neutropenia and a chemical blepharoconjunctivitis caused by Credé's prophylaxis. The relentless course of the necrosis could only be stopped by maximum-dose topical and systemic antibiotic therapy; the visual function of the right eye, however, was lost owing to a keratititis e lagophthalmo.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗