Biomedical subjects

V Hytych

Publications and source records attributed to V Hytych.

6 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2002

The role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in marginally resectable or unresectable stage III non-small cell lung cancer.

The study was undertaken to test whether marginally resectable or unresectable stage IIIa-IIIb non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients could reach complete resectability after induction chemotherapy. Fifty six patients were included into the study and treated either by vinorelbine 35 mg/m2 day 1 and cisplatin 75 mg/m2 day 1 (n=28) or by vinorelbine 30 mg/m2 day 1 and 8 and cisplatin 80 mg/m2 day 1 (n=28). Cycles were repeated every 21 days. At the completion of induction therapy patients assessed to be resectable underwent thoracotomy. Radiation therapy was applicated in nonresected cases. The minimal follow up was 24 months. 32% of patients with marginally resectable or unresectable stage IIIa-IIIb NSCLC could reach a complete resectability after induction chemotherapy. Survival of patients stage IIIa was comparable to stage IIIb. Responders and resected patients survived significantly longer comparing to the patients with stable disease and progression, respectively to the incompletely resected plus nonresected patients. Perioperative complications were rare and there were no treatment-related deaths in our study. The main surgery-related complication was late bronchopleural fistula.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[Endoscopic wedge-shaped lung biopsy--initial experience].

The authors publish their initial experience with wedge-shaped pulmonary biopsy by the endoscopic route. The group is formed by 18 patients who were indicated for the operation on account of a disseminated pulmonary process in order to assess the micromorphological appearance of the affected lung tissue. Two patients developed a complication during operation which therefore was completed by minor thoracotomy. In who patients the authors observed after operation slow expansion of the pulmonary parenchyma. No death after the operation was recorded. The authors assume, based on their initial experience, that this operation will soon be included among common diagnostic operations and will help to facilitate the diagnosis and selection of treatment in patients with disseminated lung disease.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[Extended pulmonary resection in non-small cell lung cancer].

The authors give an account of their experience with extensive pulmonary resections on account of an extensive non-small-cell carcinoma of the lungs. During a 13-year period (1976-1988) they made 140 extensive resections of the lungs. As to histological characteristics, the epidermoid type of tumour predominated. The tumour spread most frequently to mediastinal nodes and the thoracic wall. The mean age of the patients was 54.9 years, the mortality within 30 days after operation 5.7%. The five-year survival of patients after operation was evaluated in patients operated between 1976 and 1988 when 90 operations were performed. The majority of patients (32.5%) survived combined surgery. Two patients survive after 10 years. Due to the small number of patients and their difficult comparability it is not possible to evaluate the effectiveness of different types of treatment statistically. In the literature views on combined postoperative treatment differ, a randomized study would be useful. In the conclusion the authors advocate continuation of the hitherto used trend of therapy, they recommend introduction of new chemotherapeutic agents in close collaboration with oncologists and concentration of patients in specialized departments.

Adult↗

PubMed1992

[Complications of mediastinoscopy examinations].

In 1970-1990 in the Institute of Lung Diseases in Prague a total of 180 mediastinoscopies were performed. In the submitted paper the authors discuss 169 of these examinations. In this group 20 examinations were associated with a peroperative or postoperative complications, i.e. a total of 12% of the examinations. However, only in three patients, i.e. cca 1.8% from the total number serious complications were involved which were unequivocally specific for mediastinoscopy. In two instances massive haemorrhage occurred from lacerated mediastinal vessels associated with superior vena cava syndrome and in one case pneumothorax developed. All these complications were controlled by surgical intervention made in time. The most frequent complication after mediastinoscopic examination was retention of a serohaematoma in the wound--this was recorded 11 times. The cause of its development is the method of preparation and anatomical conditions in the pre- and paratracheal space. The percentage of this complication can be reduced by using active drainage of the mediastinum.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1991

[Hemothorax as a complication of thoracotomy].

In 1969 to 1989 in the Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases in Prague a total of 3583 thoracotomies were performed. Of these during the postoperative period 29 patients were re-operated on account of continuing haemorrhage into the pleural cavity. This is approximately 0.8% of all thoracotomies. Sixteen patients had to be re-operated within 12 hours after operation, 12 patients were re-operated later than 12 hours after operation but within 24 hours, one patient was re-operated later than 24 hours after operation. The cause of haemothorax was in the first place capillary haemorrhage from a lacerated pleura, in the second place haemorrhage from a severe intercostal artery at the very site of the thoracotomy. Other causes of haemorrhage such as haemorrhage from the bronchial artery and its branches are not frequent. None of the patients had to be re-operated on account of haemorrhage from the major arteries of the pulmonary hilus. Administration of small doses of heparin before and after operation did not influence the number of re-operations on account of haemothorax.

Hemothorax↗

PubMed1990

[Bronchopleural fistula as a complication of pulmonary resection].

During a 15-year period, when in the department for thoracic surgery in the Research Institute for Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 1612 resections of the lungs were performed, the authors recorded 18 patients with bronchopleural fistulae. After pneumonectomies and lobectomies the incidence of this complication was recorded in 1.4%. The majority of fistulae was observed after resection on the lungs on account of bronchogenic carcinoma, in two patients after resection on account of a pulmonary aspergilloma. After resection on account of TB and bronchiectas is the authors did not observe bronchopleural fistulae. Treatment of the fistula was in two thirds of the patients of the investigated group conservative with a 33% lethality. In six patients on account of the fistula rethoracotomy was performed with a lethality of 66.6%. The total lethality during treatment of bronchopleural fistulae was 44.4%. The purpose of the present work is to draw attention to the serious character of this post-resection complication and to its possible prevention by preoperative preparation and surgical technique.

Bronchial Fistula↗