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Biomedical subjects

V I Guzeva

Publications and source records attributed to V I Guzeva.

14 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2004

[Specific features of pathogenesis and diagnosis of hemorrhagic stroke in young patients].

The paper deals with hemorrhagic stroke (HS) pathogenesis and diagnosis in young people. Among cerebrovascular diseases in the young acute hemorrhagic strokes take noticeable place. Arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, alcoholism are among risk factors of subarachnoidal hemorrhage (SAH). Massive hemorrhages occur in the rupture of arterial aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations. HS in the young may be caused by blood diseases, i.e. leukemias, hemophilias, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, coagulopathies; vasculitis in diffuse diseases of the connective tissue; non-inflammatory arteriopathies; drug addiction. Genetic predisposition to HS development is discussed with focus to such diseases as a family form of moya-moya disease, glucocorticoid-depressed hyperaldosteronism, elastic pseudoxanthoma, Marfan's syndrome, renal olycystosis, Sturge-Veber syndrome. It is recommended to use wider updated methods of neurovisualization (CT, MRT, angiography) in diagnosis of HS. The conclusion is made that HS diagnosis, especially in the young, needs a multidisciplinary approach with active participation of neurologist, neurosurgeon, therapist, endocrinologist, hematologist.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Diagnostic significance of sleep EEG in children with febrile seizures].

To obtain effective criteria for febrile seizures (FS) differential diagnosis and prognosis, clinical examination and EEG recorded during wakefulness and daytime sleep were studied in 75 FS children and 15 controls aged from 6 months to 6 years. According to duration, frequency and complications of FS, all patients were divided into three groups: "simple" FS (n = 35), "complex" FS (n = 25) and "afebrile seizures" (AFS), i.e. those who developed non-febrile seizures after febrile ones (n = 15). In waking state EEG, epileptic activity was found in only 60% of AFS patients. During sleep stages I-III, in 84% of the patients with complex FS as well as in all AFS patients generalized discharges of (poly) spike-waves and (or) focal spikes were detected. Paroxysmal changes, atypical scalp distribution, vertex-potentials and sleep spindles generalization as well as insertion of spikes into arousal-rhythms were determined as additional criteria for unfavorable FS course. In the patients with main features of sympathetic-adrenal reaction during febrile paroxysms, complicated FS course was not found. EEG examination during sleep in children with FS increases an efficacy of differential disease diagnosis. Epileptic discharge detection, along with exposure of paroxysmal transformation of physiological sleep EEG transients, that may be earlier sign of epileptic dysfunction, are recommended for proper prevention and treatment of FS.

Arousal↗
PubMed1988

[Allopurinol in the combined therapy of severe forms of epilepsy in children].

Allopurinol was tested as an antiepileptic drug (AED) in children with progressive history of the disease, frequent severe seizures and ineffective conventional AED treatment. A total of 38 children aged 4 months to 10 years were given allopurinol at daily doses of 4 to 5 mg/kg body weight. The drug had positive effects in 10 out of 28 patients having frequent seizures. Complications were not observed. Allopurinol increased serotonin content in platelets. Biochemical investigations proved the therapy with allopurinol alone or combined with other AEDs to be effective.

Allopurinol↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Digoxin--an active antiepileptic agent].

A new pathogenetically grounded approach to the treatment of resistant forms of epilepsy is proposed. Digoxin suppresses the activity of experimental epileptogenic foci produced in the hippocampus of animals (frogs and rats) and also convulsions induced by corazol, bemegrid or electroshock. The antiepileptic and anticonvulsant activity of the drug was confirmed during its clinical testing on 20 children with grave forms of epilepsy which were resistant to the known antiepileptic drugs. The positive therapeutic effect was obtained in 42% of the cases.

Anticonvulsants↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Changes in the activity of an epileptogenic focus in the rat hippocampus under the influence of bemitil].

Experiments performed on male rats with chronically implanted electrochemotrodes showed bemitil (12.5 and 25.0 mg/kg, intra-abdominally, 24 h prior to the locus creation) suppresses he pathological activity of (100 ED) epileptogenic locus induced by he sodium salt of penicillin in the hippocampus of the animals. Probable mechanisms of antiepileptic action of bemitil are considered.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The effect of bemitil on the parameters of lipid peroxidation and nitrogen metabolism in epilepsy in children].

Epileptic patients given phenobarbital (3 mg/kg, n = 8) or finlepsin (20 mg/kg, n = 7) were found to have a statistically significant increase (p < 0.05) in the parameters of the lipid peroxidation end product malonic dialdehyde in the erythrocytes (3.34 +/- 1.13 mumol/liter) and blood plasma (0.099 +/- 0.04 mumol/liter) in comparison to the control group (n = 9; 1.58 +/- 0.96 mumol/liter and 0.045 +/- 0.02 mumol/liter, respectively). The urea level (6.7 +/- 1.28 mumol/liter) and the ammonia level (31.59 +/- 10.46 mumol/liter) increase were statistically insignificant as compared to the controls (5.76 +/- 0.66 mumol/liter and 26.41 +/- 5.96 mumol/liter, respectively). Bemitil (n = -7) in a dose of 20 mg/kg reduced in 10 days the amount of malonic dialdehyde in the erythrocytes (1.57 +/- 0.61 mumol/liter, p < 0.05) and plasma (0.043 +/- 0.02 mumol/liter, p < 0.05) as well as the amount of urea (3.76 +/- 0.96 mumol/liter,) and ammonia p < 0.05 and ammonia (18.17 +/- 2.02 mumol/liter, p < 0.05) in the blood. A favorable therapeutic effect (lesser frequency of seizures and lesser asthenia of the of the children) was observed at the same time. The frequency of paroxysms reduced to 50% in 4 patients (2 with complex-partial seizures, one with absence, and one with simple-partial seizures) and to 75-% in the fifth patient with complex-partial seizures. The therapeutic effect in the 6th and 7th patients could not be evaluated.

Administration, Oral↗