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Biomedical subjects

V I Ovchinnikov

Publications and source records attributed to V I Ovchinnikov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Dystrophin gene expression in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy after myoblast transplantation].

Based on originally designed technique of myoblast cultivation and in accordance with the approved by the Russian Ministry of Health "one muscle treatment" protocol of myoblast transplantation to the Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients, the first in Russia clinical trial of this gene correction method was carried out. Immonologically related myoblast cultures (30 to 90 million cells per patient) were injected after all preliminary procedures into tibialis anterior muscles of four boys selected from a group of volunteer recipients (Duchenne muscular dystrophy patients) based on the analysis of a number of surface antigens in donor-recipient pairs. The condition of the patients remained satisfactory during the whole period of post-transplantation follow-up (from 6 months to 1.5 years). Six months after myoblast transplantation the presence of donor DNA or dystrophin synthesis was demonstrated in muscle biopsies of three out of four patients. This result confirms efficacy and safety of the procedure used.

Antigens, Surface↗
PubMed1999

[Primary tumors of heart].

The analysis of 36 years' experience in surgical treatment of 162 patients with benign and malignant primary tumors of the heart, verified by morphological examination, is presented. The possibility of their timely and intra vital revealing is noted in cases of clinical alertness which makes possible to suspect this disease and purposefully examine these patients using preferably echocardiography and computed tomography. The scope of the operations and their success depend on morphological characteristics of the tumors and the extent of neoplastic process. However, by now short- and long-term results of surgical treatment evidence, that predominant part of this category of patients is potentially curable, provided that these neoplasms of the heart were revealed at an initial stage.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[An algorithm for differential diagnosis searching in space-occupying lesions of the liver].

The experience of examination of 584 patients with volumetric masses of the liver (VML) of various origin is presented. For successful differential diagnosis of VML and definition of rational surgical policy the algorithm of examination was considered with due regard for diagnostic stages, each of them being characterized by definite complex of tests. It is thought necessary to begin examination with noninvasive and highly informative tests. Complex of radioimmunologic evaluation of tumor markers level is advisable to include in diagnostic algorithm of patients with VML. The use of invasive methods of diagnostics is justified in complicated diagnostic situation. For evaluation of regional function of the liver radionuclear examination should be used. Liver puncture are feasible only whenever parasitic nature of cystic masses of the liver is excluded. If it is found to be impossible to determine the character of VML the question of advisability of diagnosis laparotomy should be resolved in its favour. The most efficient use of various methods of examination in 584 patients with VML of various genesis made it possible to increase accuracy of diagnosis of hepatic hemangioma, in nonparasitic cysts--1.7 times and in parasitic cysts--1.2 times.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1993

[Cerebral complications in cardiac myxomas].

The authors analyze injuries to the central nervous system in patients with heart myxomas due to tumorous embolism of brain vessels with the development of acute or "delayed" cerebral symptomatology. Stress the difficulty of correct interpretation of acute disorders of cerebral circulation with no other signs of intracavitary heart neoplasm and the possibility of the asymptomatic form of cerebrovascular embolism or its consequences in association with a remarkable clinical picture of heart myxoma. Emphasis is laid on the necessity of carrying out all-round examination of the brain to reveal injuries that may occur under such conditions, to determine the prognosis and treatment policy in the given patients' group, especially in the long-term period after resection of intracavitary heart neoplasm.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Correction of cellular and humoral defense reactions in the surgical treatment of acute cholecystitis].

Complex study of cellular and humoral defense reactions in patients with acute cholecystitis revealed a decrease in their level, decelerated change of the neutrophil phase to the mononuclear phase, and increased metabolic phagocyte activity in the focus of affection. In the postoperative period the indices of cellular and humoral nonspecific reactions of the blood reduced still more, the level of leukocyte viability and the micro- and macrophage functional activity in the focus of affection remained diminished. The use of extracorporeal prognostic immunostimulation in combination with plasmapheresis corrects the immunodepression within a short time but fails to change the local defence reactions. Transposition of the extracorporeally stimulated auto-immunocytes to the inflammatory focus ensures a high level of local defense reactions and promotes readaptation of the immune system as a whole.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

[Computerized tomography in the diagnosis of heart neoplasms].

Computed tomography (CT) was used to study 56 and 4 patients with primary and secondary cardiac blastomas, respectively. CT allows differentiation between a racemose and dense endocardial tumor, localization of myxoma pedicle, recording its prolapse into the adjacent chamber, identification of extra-, intracardiac and intramyocardial tumor growth as well as changes in adjacent vessels. CT image of cardiac myxoma is similar to a filling defect of diminished density, that of extra-endocardial tumors display polymorphism. Blastomatous invasion of the heart is characterized by blurring of cardiovascular elements boundaries, pericardial thickening and fluid accumulation. CT is advocated as a new, noninvasive and highly efficient diagnostic modality in cardiac tumors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Computerized tomography in evaluating the function of aortocoronary shunts].

An examination was made of 38 patients undergone aortocoronary bypass surgery. Comparing the density of content in the aorta and shunt before and after bolus contrast in computerized tomography makes it possible to evaluate the patency of the aortocoronary shunt. A shunt patency coefficient (SPC) was proposed, which fitted the ratio of density differences in the shunt to those in the lumen of the ascending aorta before and after the injection of a contrast agent. SPC equal to 0.5 or more is indicative of a good patency of the aortocoronary shunt, but that being 0.3 or less suggests no or extremely poor function of the shunt. SPCs that are equal to 0.3-0.5 are transient indicators of its patency.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Diagnosis of heart myxomas using computerized tomography].

Procedures for computed tomography of the heart are discussed. Serial or dynamic computed tomography involving intravenous injection of contrast substance as well as application of computed tomography in synchronism with ECG provide exhaustive information on the site, size, type and mobility of heart myxomas. The latter lesion was diagnosed in 4 (left auricle--2; right auricle--2) out of 250 patients suffering different diseases of the heart and aorta. Two clinical cases are reported. Particular mention is made of the sparing nature of the procedure and its high diagnostic potential for heart myxoma detection.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Computed tomography in cardiology: the diagnostic aspects].

Computerized tomography (CT) was used to investigate 306 patients with a variety of heart and aortal diseases: acquired and congenital defects, coronary disease, tumors of the heart, pericarditis, aortic aneurysm. CT allows the assessment of certain functional (end-systolic and end-diastolic volumes, the ejection fraction, the motility of left-ventricular walls, systolic myocardial thickening) as well as anatomical parameters of the heart structure: the condition of the pericardium, heart cavities, induration and calcification of the valve apparatus, myocardial thickness, the presence of intra-cavity formations, and the state of the aorta, pulmonary artery, vena cava and pulmonary veins, including the assessment of the patency of aortocoronary shunts.

Aortic Aneurysm↗
PubMed1985

[Diagnosis of dissecting aneurysms of the thoracic aorta].

A study of the clinical pattern and findings of auxiliary investigation in 27 patients with dissecting aneurysms of the thoracic aorta showed that early diagnosis was necessary to improve the results of the treatment. A new non-invasive diagnostic method, computerized tomography, was employed for the first time in domestic clinical practice. The diagnostic value of various instrumental investigation techniques was demonstrated with respect to research and clinical work.

Adult↗