Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to V I Sachkov.
It was found that chlorpromazine and pipolfene potentiating general anaesthesia increase viscosity of phospholipid membrane in the region of polar headgroups and in the hydrophobic area near glycerol sceleton. These results (independently of potentiating mechanism) confuse a mechanism of anaesthetics action as increased fluidity of membrane phospholipids.
Experimental and clinical studies of the agent Piladox (RGH 2202) were conducted. Experiments on animals (rats, rabbits, mice) demonstrated that Piladox possesses the property of restoring respiration inhibited by narcotic analgesics and some general anesthetics as well as the respiratory-de-priming effect of acute blood loss and is a more effective stimulator of the respiratory center than cordiamine (nikethamide) or corasol. Clinical study of Piladox in 75 patients showed that intravenous infusion of 1 mg/kg of the agent in the awakening period produced a stimulating effect on respiration through increase of its frequency and increase of the respiratory volume. The minute respiratory volume in this case was even greater than the initial values, whereas the CO2 content in the blood and expired air reached the initial level. The hemodynamic values in this period remained generally stable. Piladox does not change the antinociceptive effect of the narcotic analgesics and analgesia in the immediate postoperative period when combined general anesthesia is applied.
The possibility of formation of some liposomal neurotropic drugs was studied by 1H-NMR method. Experiments in animals on catalepsy and epidural anaesthesia confirmed this hypothesis.
The analgetic effect of prolonged peridural analgesia with morphine was studied experimentally in rabbits. Increasing morphine dose did not noticeably enhance analgesia. Prolonged peridural analgesia with morphine was used to alleviate pain in 18 myocardial infarction patients. Morphine (2 mg) was introduced into the peridural space. The efficacy of the method is demonstrated.
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Antirheumatic preparations chiefly inhibited (in vitro) the specific microbial stimulation of the reaction of blast transformation of lymphocytes (RBL) in the patients with torpid rheumocarditis caused by addition of streptococcus nucleoproteid into the medium. Specifically stimulated RBL became intensified in healthy donors on addition to the culture medium of amidopyrin and mephenaminic acid; as to delagil, it depressed the specifically stimulated RBL both in healthy donors and in patients.
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Experimental studies conducted on rabbits enabled the authors to reveal the central mechanism of the ketamine effect. Based on the experimental data obtained, the authors elaborated and used clinically the method of balance ketamine anesthesia consisting in a combination of ketamine with antispasmatic drugs: seduxen and mydocalm. This method of anesthesia is recommended for eliminating ketamine side effects.