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Biomedical subjects

V I Salalykin

Publications and source records attributed to V I Salalykin.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Anesthesiological care in removal of bulky formations from functionally important hemispheric zones: craniotomy in conscious state].

A method of anesthesia allowing patient's awakening to the level of verbal contact after trephination and opening of the dura mater was used in 37 patients with bulky formations (33 patients with tumors and 4 with arteriovenous malformations) in the speech zones of speech-dominant hemisphere. Speech mapping of the brain, carried out in alert patients, helped eliminate permanent speech deficiency during the postoperative period in all patients. The protocol of anesthesia was as follows: locoregional anesthesia of soft tissues of the head with a mixture of 2% xylocaine and 0.5% marcaine with epinephrine intravenous diprivan at stages requiring no patient's alertness, clopheline, fractionated midazolam (after identification of speech zones). The study showed that this protocol helps solve the problem and adequately protects the organism from surgical stress, provides good conditions for manipulations on the brain, involves no unpleasant sensations for the patient, and in 70% patients helps attain complete amnesia of the perioperative period. The most severe complication is an epileptic attack. Respiratory monitoring (pulse oximetry and capnography in the lateral duct) is obligatory for preventing respiratory disorders in patients on spontaneous respiration who were not intubated.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Peculiarities of changes in the EEG in the development of coma in patients with a focal injury of the brain].

A number of new electrographic variants reflecting the specifity distinguishing the evolution of coma in focal affections of the brain and clearly correlating with its clinical manifestations were elicited. The comatose status, apart from a fall of the level and frequency of the brain biopotentials, is shown to be characterized by an imbalance of spatial and temporal relations in the cortex of the large hemispheres, a correlation between the degree of disrupted inter-central relations and the stage marking the development of the comatose process having been disclosed. Some EEG findings were obtained that may be taken advantage of in judging about the prognosis as to the evolution of coma. An electroencephalographic investigation of the comatose states in focal lesions of the brain opens up the possibilities for a differential approach to the study of coma.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Compression of the inferior cerebellar artery-induced compression of the medulla oblongata in Arnold-Chiari malformation as a cause of essential hypertension].

Cerebrovascular abnormalities (primarily looping of cerebellar arteries) are almost without exception concurrent with the Arnold-Chiari syndrome and hydrocephalus. Persistent essential hypertension may be a manifestation of pathological vessel-brain contact. Customary microvascular decompression may lead to blood pressure stabilization in the postoperative period for a long time. The paper presents a clinical case of a 52-year female patient with the Arnold-Chiari syndrome who underwent microvascular decompression of the left posterior inferior cerebellar artery at the level of the medulla oblongata. Surgical treatment regressed preoperative cerebellar, bulbar, and truncal symptoms, lowered blood pressure from 190/100 to 120/80 mm Hg, and stabilized it at this level.

Arnold-Chiari Malformation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The prevention of a pressor reaction to tracheal intubation in patients with aneurysms of the cerebral vessels. A comparative study of 7 methods].

A comparative study of seven techniques preventing pressor reactions to tracheal intubation (profound barbiturate anesthesia, conventional clinical doses of fentanyl, intravenous lidocaine, pentamine, glycerol trinitrate, sodium nitroprusside and magnesium sulfate) has been conducted in 75 patients with arterial aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations in brain vessels. The best preventive effect was observed with the use of glycerol trinitrate and conventional clinical doses of fentanyl. However, none of the above techniques could completely prevent pressor reactions to intubation.

Anesthesia, Endotracheal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[General anesthesia, hormones and hemodynamics during the excision of tumors of the posterior cranial fossa].

The levels of tropic and peripheral hormones (ACTH, TSH, STH, T3, T4, hydrocortisone, insulin) have been assessed in 74 patients, aged 16 to 64 years, operated on for posterior cranial fossa tumors. Depending on the basic anesthesia component the patients were divided into 3 groups: patients on halothane anesthesia, patients on anesthesia with azeotropic mixture, patients on neuroleptanalgesia. Three hemodynamic variants in the course of operation and postoperative period have been established: patients with normal blood pressure, heart rate, stroke volume; patients with elevated and high blood pressure; patients with unstable hemodynamics. It has been found that general halothane and azeotropic mixture anesthesia is associated with marked changes in intraoperative endocrine function. Endocrine function is changed on the 3rd and 7th day postoperatively due to surgical brain trauma.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Waking-up anesthesiology ward at a neurosurgery clinic: annual report].

The structure and main annual indices of the waking-up anesthesiology ward, Anesthesiology Department, Burdenko's Research Institute of Neurosurgery, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, are addressed in the paper. Outfit, personal structure and the spectrum of the prevailing neurosurgery pathology related with the above ward functioning as well as the reasons due to which the patients are transferred to intensive care are under discussion.

Anesthesiology↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Regulation of the water-electrolyte balance during neurosurgical operations with balanced anesthesia using sodium oxybutyrate].

Water-electrolyte homeostasis and its basic regulatory hormones have been studied in 36 patients with neurosurgical brain pathology during surgical interventions performed under balanced anesthesia (sodium hydroxybutyrate combined with NLA drugs). The study has revealed 3 types of reactions in hormones regulating water-electrolyte homeostasis: type I--a decrease in vasopressin (VP) concentration and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) activity; type II--VP increase and RAAS activation; type III--an increase in VP content and RAAS disbalance. It has been shown that type I reaction is accompanied by marked osmotic disturbances. The impact of sodium hydroxybutyrate on RAAS is manifested in aldosterone secretion suppression.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The use of sodium nitroprusside in the anesthesiological support of cerebral angiography].

Complex study of the effect of sodium nitroprusside intra-arterial and intravenous infusion under local and general anesthesia on the cerebral, peripheral, and general hemodynamics during cerebral angiography was carried out in 43 patients with neurosurgical pathology (17 females and 26 males from 17 to 58 years of age). The authors proved the efficacy of intraarterial and, to a lesser measure, of intravenous sodium nitroprusside infusion in relieving spasm of the cerebral arteries developing during cerebral angiography.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Brain blood flow and cerebral metabolism during ataralgesia].

The effect of ataralgesia (diazepam and fentanyl anesthesia) on cerebral blood flow and metabolism has been studied in 9 patients with arterial aneurysms of cerebral vessels. The decrease of cerebral blood flow under anesthesia was observed in 8 out of 9 patients. The brain metabolism reaction varied showing a decrease in 6 patients and an increase in 3 patients.

Adult↗