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Biomedical subjects

V I Trofimov

Publications and source records attributed to V I Trofimov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Efficacy of vaccine therapy with ribomunil in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease].

AIM: To assess efficacy of vaccine therapy with ribomunil in prevention of exacerbations and prolongation of remission in patients with obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty three COPD patients were divided into two groups: 28 patients of the study group received ribomunil plus standard therapy; 25 controls received only standard treatment. The examination of the patients included blood count, sputum cytology, external respiration function test, immunological investigation (CD4+, CD8+, CD20+, CD25+ and CD95+; IL-4, IFN-gamma, complement). The examination was made before the treatment, 21 days, 3 and 6 months after its beginning. Ribomunil was given 3 tablets in the morning before meal for 4 days in a week for 3 weeks, 4 days each month for the following 5 months. RESULTS: As a result of ribomunil treatment lymphocyte subpopulation normalized, immune response shifted to Th-1 dependent immune response, external respiration flow indices improved, remission prolonged. CONCLUSION: Ribomunil is recommended for wide application in the practice of COPD treatment

Aged↗
PubMed2003

[The body's adaptation and responsiveness and their impact on the outcome of exudative pleuritis].

The authors studied homeostasis in 182 patients, including 126 patients with exudative pleuritis of tuberculous etiology and 56 with parapneumonic pleuritis. They determined the adaptive reactions of the body by the leukograms and the types of its responsiveness, established their relationship with other homeostatic parameters. Impaired responsiveness in patients with exudative pleuritis substantially affected the efficiency of etiotropic treatment. At the end of the basic course of therapy, the rate of marked residual pleural changes was 84.6% in patients with tuberculous pleuritis (Subgroup 1). Activation pathogenetic therapy with methyluracil promoted a reduction in the number of patients with significant residual pleural changes (32.8% in Subgroup 2).

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2003

[Radiation sterilization of concentrated salt solutions].

Purpose of the investigation was to develop a technique of irradiation sterilization of batch syringes with concentrated salt solutions (CaCl2 solution and a mixed solution of MgSO4, NaHCO3 and K2SO4). The syringes are used for mineralization of water produced by orbital systems of electrochemical regeneration of air humidity condensate, and deionized or distilled water from other sources. The paper describes composition of resultant potable water and analyzes quality of irradiation sterilization and stability of concentrated salts inside the syringes irradiated on gamma-source RTs-100M.

Electrochemistry↗
PubMed2001

[Epifamine efficacy in aspirin bronchial asthma].

Nine patients with moderate and severe aspirin bronchial asthma (ABA) received epifamine (a course dose 400 mg) in addition to continuous antiasthmatic therapy. Matched 12 ABA patients received placebo. Epifamine was found to improve the patients' clinical condition, response of distal bronchi to berotek; to promote achievement of long remission and increased production of melatonin. Thus, epifamine is effective and can be used in pathogenetic strategic therapy of ABA.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

[Role of biological defects in formation and development of bronchial asthma and potentialities of premorbid diagnosis].

The paper considers bronchial asthma as a polygenic disease. It presents some data available in the literature on the role of genetic disorders in the development of atopic states and the authors' own findings of various biological defects detected in apparently healthy blood relatives of patients with bronchial asthma. It is concluded that premorbid diagnosis is of importance in high risk persons.

Asthma↗
PubMed1998

[Model study of ozone microbial decontamination effectiveness of space station environment].

Modeling experiments were performed to evaluate bactericide and fungicide effects of small ozone concentrations (0.3 mg/l of water and 47 mg/m3 of air) that can be generated onboard spacecraft following one hour after treatment. Over the period of treatment, reduction in aquatic microorganisms made up, depending on biotest in use, hundred and more times; concentration of atmospheric microorganisms showed a 5- to 10-fold reduction. The demonstrated effectiveness of ozone shows that it may advantage sterilization and cleaning from microorganisms a number of life support systems aboard manned space vehicles and stations.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1998

[The study of biocide effectiveness of ultraviolet treatment in media stimulating space station environment].

An experiment was performed to study the biocide effect of ultraviolet treatment of simulated space station milieu. UV generated by low and moderately power-intensive sources (from 10 W to 1 kW) showed a good promise for decontaminating, within the reach, solid structural materials, and the air and water in the cabin. For instance, within 10 minutes of the UV-treatment aerial bacteria in 20 m3 were reduced in 12 to 30 times while fungal microflora was fully suppressed. Water containing spores and vegetative cells of both pathogenic and nonpathogenic microorganisms became essentially sterile after 4 to 10 minutes of treatment with low UV (in the order of 0.01 W/cm2). Different UV modalities can lay the basis for development of specific technologies of microbial decontamination of various spacecraft.

Decontamination↗
PubMed1996

Selection of sterilization methods for planetary return missions.

Two tasks must be accomplished to provide planetary protection for Mars return missions: (1) sterilization of the scientific module to be landed on Mars and (2) reliable sterilization of all material returned to Earth, while ensuring the scientific integrity of martian samples. This paper examines similarity and differences between these two tasks, and includes a discussion of technological implementation conditions and the nature of terrestrial and hypothesized martian microflora. The feasibility of a number of chemical and physical (ultraviolet and ionizing radiation and heating) methods of sterilization for use on the ground and onboard are discussed and compared. A combination of different methods will probably be selected as the most appropriate for ensuring planetary protection on the return mission.

Containment of Biohazards↗
PubMed1995

Radiation and thermal stabilities of adenine nucleotides.

We have investigated in detail radiation and thermal stabilities and transformations of adenosine mono- and triphosphates in liquid and frozen solid aqueous solutions within a wide range of absorbed radiation dose (up to 75 kGy) and temperature (up to 160 degrees C). Dephosphorylation is the main pathway of high temperature hydrolysis of adenine nucleotides. Basic thermodynamic and kinetic parameters of this process have been determined. Radiolysis of investigated compounds at room temperature results in scission of N-glycosidic bond with a radiation yield about of 1 mol/100 eV. Solution freezing significantly enhances radiation stability of nucleotides as well as other biomolecules. This circumstance is essential in the discussion of panspermia concepts.

Adenine Nucleotides↗
PubMed1995

Modern aspects of planetary protection and requirements to sterilization of space hardware.

The viewpoint of working group of Russian experts on the problem of planetary protection for future manned and unmanned Mars mission is presented. Recent data of Martian environment and on survival of terrestrial microorganisms in extreme conditions were used for detailed analysis and overview of planetary protection measures in regard to all possible flight situations including accidental landing. The special emphasis on "Mars-94" mission was done. This analysis resulted in revised formulation of spacecraft sterilization requirements and possible measures for their best implementation. New general combined approach to spacecraft sterilization was proposed. It includes penetrating radiation and heat treatment of spacecraft parts and components which is to be carried out before the final assembly of spacecraft and gaseous radiation sterilization of the whole spacecraft during the flight to Mars (or from Mars for return missions).

Containment of Biohazards↗
PubMed1995

The experimental study of microbial contamination of the space hardware.

The role of potential contaminants of design materials and products of space technology--aerobic and anaerobic prokaryotes (myxobacteria, eubacteria, corinebacteria, actinomyces), and eukaryotes (micromyces), psychrophilic, mesophilic and thermophilic forms, chemolythotrophic microorganisms is discussed in this paper. The methods of analysis of microbial contamination in the solution of problem of the planetary protection are considered. The necessity of the use of ultrasound at the evaluation of surface and subsurface contamination of specimens is demonstrated; methods of determination of buried contamination (with the use of organic solvents and mechanical pulverization) are discussed. The data on buried and subsurface contamination for some materials and electronic parts together with microflora resistivity to sterilizing treatment are given.

Bacteria↗
PubMed1995

[Bronchial nonspecific reactivity in patients with bronchial asthma and in the preasthmatic state and its alteration under the influence of acupuncture].

The development of nonspecific bronchial hypersensitivity and hyperreactivity in bronchial asthma and effectiveness of its correction with acupuncture were investigated in 152 patients with asthma and preasthma. 94 of them were subjected to acupuncture. The authors employed a complex of diagnostic methods with determination of 241 parameters processed later with the use of systemic modelling. Bronchial hypersensitivity as indicated by the response to acetylcholine was related to impaired coordination of bronchomotor tone regulating systems: parasympathetic part of the autonomic nervous system, eosinophilic and monocytic bronchial inflammation, glucocorticoid homeostatic alterations. The corrective role of acupuncture consists in reduction of nonspecific bronchial hyperreactivity, normalization of blood acetylcholine, resensitization of cell beta-adrenergic receptors, elevation of mean concentrations of 11-OCS and T-lymphocytes.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1995

[Effects of glucocorticoid therapy on mineral metabolism indicators in patients with bronchial asthma].

Magnesium and calcium levels in the serum, red cells, lymphocytes, circadian urine and exhaled air condensate were measured in 40 patients with hormone-dependent bronchial asthma (BA) and 15 BA patients receiving glucocorticoids in inhalations (beclamete, becotide) and injections (hydrocortisone, prednisolone, dexasone). Nuclear absorption spectrophotometry (AAC-508, Hitachi, Japan) and selective ionometry (Mycrolyte, Kone, Finland) were employed. Short-term (10-14 days) intravenous infusions and inhalations of steroids in medium therapeutic doses do not change much homeostasis of two-valent cations. Complications resultant from disturbance of mineral metabolism developed more frequently in BA patients on long-term (4 years more longer) oral glucocorticoids. Increased renal and bronchial excretion of magnesium and calcium in patients with hormone-dependent BA having complications of glucocorticoid therapy suggests that derangement of mineral metabolism is involved in the onset of steroid osteopathy and myopathy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[The effect of glucocorticoids on mineral metabolism in bronchial asthma patients].

Nuclear-absorption spectrophotometry (AAC-508, Hitachi, Japan) and selective ionometry (microlyte, Kone, Finland) were employed to measure magnesium and calcium concentrations in the serum, red cells, lymphocytes, 24-h urine and exhaled air moisture in 40 patients with hormone-dependent asthma (BA) and 15 BA patients given beclomet, becotid in inhalations and injections of hydrocortisone, prednisolone and dexason. Intravenous infusions and steroid inhalations in moderate doses for 10-14 days induce only insignificant changes in bivalent cation homeostasis. Complications associated with deranged mineral metabolism occurred more frequently in BA patients on long-term (at least 4 years) courses of oral glucocorticoids. Increased renal and bronchial excretion of magnesium and calcium in patients with hormone-dependent BA with complications of glucocorticoid therapy shows its significant contribution to development of steroid osteopathy and myopathy.

Administration, Inhalation↗
PubMed1994

[Potential uses of plasma scalpel in liver and gallbladder surgery].

The article deals with the results of experimental studies and clinical experience in the use of the plasma scalpel in 25 unbred dogs and 192 patients with diseases of the liver and gallbladder. Histological studies of the hepatic tissue after treatment with the laser scalpel allowed the conclusion that such manipulations are safe. The advantages of using the device for arresting bleeding and the flow of bile from the resected hepatic areas were revealed. The accumulated experience in operations on the liver and gallbladder with a plasma scalpel made it possible to develop optimal approaches to the use of the plasma flow in resections of the liver and to suggest three methods for removal of the gallbladder. Their introduction into practice improved the intraoperative possibilities of treatment of the gallbladder bed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1993

[Clinical efficacy of cefixime (results of multicenter trials)].

Multicentre trials of cefixime (Cefspan, Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Japan) were performed in 1992. The trials involved 137 children and 269 adult patients with inflammatory infections of the respiratory organs and urinary tracts and otorhinolaryngologic affections. Positive clinical and bacteriological results of the trials were stated in 76-90 per cent of the cases. The adverse reactions such as skin eruption and dyspepsia were rare and did not require the specific treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Problems of the preparation and control of properties of sterile drug-containing liposomes].

The techniques employed to produce drug-containing liposomes and to control the disperse composition of the included preparation are discussed. The method of cryoradiation sterilization of liposomes containing different types of drugs is detailed. The applications of the described methodologies for obtaining the optimal technological parameters of liposome production are exemplified.

Drug Carriers↗