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Biomedical subjects

V I Vashkov

Publications and source records attributed to V I Vashkov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

Comparative insecticidal acitvity of sumithrin and neopinamine.

The examination of insecticidal properties of the new pyrethroid--sumithrin--showed this compound in contact action to be a highly effective insecticide, superior in activity to neopinamine. The intestinal action of sumithrin is less pronounced in comparison with neopinamine. Sumithrin is more selective in its effect on insects as compared with neopinamine. In the form of earosols, sumithrin and its mixtures with DDVP are less active than compositions based on neopinamine.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

[Use of rooms with laminar air flow].

The paper deals with the problem of dependency of the reduction of microbial contamination and of dust pollution of the air mediu min the CAMERA-BOXES with a liminary flux on the aeration degree. It was shown that the degree of aeration in the camera-box constituted from 330 to 1060, with the rate of the air flux at the filter exit of from 0.2 to 0.6 m/sec. Vertical laminar flux provided release of the air from the microbes and dust. The use of the camera-box with a laminar flux for work requiring sterile conditions is recommended.

Air Microbiology↗
PubMed1976

Effect of extreme factors on micro-organisms used for the control of the effectiveness of sterilization.

Survival of micro-organisms used for control of sterilization procedures was studied under conditions simulating the Martian environment (daily temperature change from +20 degrees to -20 degrees in 99.98% CO2 + 0.02% air at 0.13 x 10(-6) N m-2 pressure, with ultraviolet radiation spanning the whole range of the solar spectrum 300-350 MkW cm-2). The test organisms were four strains of Bacillus subtilis and one strain of Bacillus anthracoides, and were inoculated on to four materials, smooth metal, porous plastic, multilayer composition material and powdered limonite. Some organisms survived on all materials, the greatest on the limonite. The resistance of the survivors to disinfectants was the same as that of the original cultures.

Bacillus↗
PubMed1976

[Disinfection of medical orthopedic articles made of polymer materials].

In traumatological hospitals the medical orthopedic articles made of polymer materials are contaminated by different microorganisms including pathogenic staphylococci, therefore they can serve as a factor of transmission of hospital-associated staphylococcal infections. Polymer materials used for medical orthopedic articles are not bactericidal. Mechanical cleaning with detergents does not provide sufficient elimination of microorganisms from orthopedic articles. This can be obtained by means of the treatment (immersion, wiping) with solutions of bactericidal preparations of various chemical orogin (chloramine, lithium hypochloride, chlorine, sulphochlorantine, hydrogen peroxide, peracetic acid, nitran). Medical orthopedic articles must be decontaminated before use. In the hospitals, disinfection of orthopedic articles should be performed at least once a day. Immersion of the articles made of porous materials into solutions of disinfectans with surface-active additives or into solutions of surface-active bactericides is a simple, readily available and effective method of treatment. Drawback of this method is that disinfectant solution partly remains in the pores and can be eliminated only by means of drying of the article in thermostate. Orthopedic articles of polyurethane foam can be decontaminated only by use of solutions of hydrogen peroxide and nirtan out of all the tested disinfectants. Medical orthopedic articles made of polymer materials have endured repeated treatment with disinfectant solutions without any change of their physical and mechanical properties. The usability of these articles did not deteriorate.

Cross Infection↗
PubMed1976

[Insecticidal properties of sumitrin].

The study of insecticidal properties of sumitrin demonstrated that in contact action it was a highly effective insecticide; in topical application LD50 for domestic flies, bedbugs and cockroaches was 0.47, 1.25 and 3.26 mug/g, respectively. Sumitrin possessed high action selectivity for insects and low toxicity for warm-blooded animals (LD50 for albino mice greater than 7500 mg/kg). In the form of aerosols sumitrin and its mixtures with DDVF were less active than compositions on the neopinamine base.

Aerosols↗
PubMed1971

Bacterial contamination of confined, sealed space during long-term human occupation.

The long-term presence of human beings in a closed room of small volume is accompanied by the accumulation of a common and hemolytic microflora on their bodies, clothes, in the air, and on the room surfaces. A study was made of the dynamics of the spreading of such microflora in rooms measuring from 5-21 m3 when occupied by 1-3 persons for 5-30 days. With minimal sanitation the skin, after 30-40 days, is covered with several thousands of microbes per cm2, of which the hemolytic staphylococci amount to about 500 cells per cm2. Linen contained tens of thousands of bacteria per cm2, including up to 7000 hemolytic staphylococci per cm2. Generally, air contamination increases during the experiment. The rate of increase depends on many factors, and includes, in addition to common microbes, hemolytic staphylococci, streptococci, including pathogenic ones. The distribution of microbes in the air depends on human activity, and the total number is lowered by improved sanitation. While initial surface contamination depends on preliminary disinfection, there is a steady accumulation of micro-organisms on the chamber surfaces. No Escherichia coli could be found on chamber surfaces. Most bacteria were found on horizontal surfaces, working areas and floors (thousands of microbes per cm2), while ceilings and walls yielded from units to hundreds of cells per cm2.

Air Conditioning↗