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Biomedical subjects

V J Jensen

Publications and source records attributed to V J Jensen.

16 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

In vivo measurement of human body composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate measurements of human body composition using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and to assess its precision and variations within and between observers as well as the influence of food and fluid intake. DESIGN: Experimental study. SETTING: District hospital, Denmark. SUBJECTS: 17 volunteers, 12 male and 5 female. INTERVENTIONS: Repeated scans under standard conditions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Precision, variations within and between observers, and influence of the degree of hydration. RESULTS: The repeatability coefficients and the coefficients of variation (CV) were obtained for the four body compartments: tissue mass 416 g (CV 0.2%); fat mass 1117 g (CV 2.6%); lean tissue mass 1425 g (CV 0.9%), and total bone mineral content, (BMC) 109 g (CV 1.2%). There was no significant intraobserver variation. There was little interobserver variation in assessing tissue mass and BMC, but there were significant differences when judging fat and lean tissue mass. Drinking resulted in significantly increased values for tissue and lean tissue mass, which corresponded to the intake. CONCLUSION: DXA is precise and reproducible with little variation within and between observers. It might be useful in clinical studies.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1995

[Surgical treatment of goiter at a central hospital. A consecutive study with special emphasis on surgical complications].

The aim of this study was to analyse the frequency of permanent and transient complications following thyroid gland surgery. During a period of four years, from 1991 to 1995, 129 patients were treated operatively for thyroid disease. Sixteen patients were operated for thyrotoxicosis and 113 for nontoxic goitre. Nine patients underwent reoperation for recurrent goitre. Thyroid malignancy was found in two patients. The frequency of permanent complications was 0.7%. Transient unilateral pareses developed postoperatively in two patients. There were no permanent vocal cord paralyses. One patient developed permanent hypoparathyroidism. Five patients had transient postoperative hypocalcaemia requiring calcium supplements. Other complications were haemorrhage (3.8%), wound infection (0.7%) and other postoperative complications (1.5%). It is shown that uncomplicated thyroid surgery may be performed at a district hospital that has a special interest in patient evaluation, indications for surgery and up to date surgical technique.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[One year of experience with pulsed dye laser treatment of ureteral calculi].

During a period of one year, 18 patients with symptom-producing ureteric stones were treated with ureteroscopic laser lithotripsy. Pulsed dye laser was employed through a rigid ureteroscope. The laser emits impulses lasting for 2 microseconds with a wave-length of 504 nm. In 11 patients (61%), satisfactory disintegration could be observed and two further patients could be freed from stones by dormia extraction. In three patients treatment was concluded with ultrasound and two with ESWL = extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Three slight perforations of the ureter did not require treatment apart from routine relief by a ureteric catheter or stent. With new thinner scopes, the technique can be simplified, trauma in the ureter reduced and the need for preparation of the ureter eliminated.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Recurrence of keratocysts and decompression treatment. A long-term follow-up of forty-four cases.

Recurrence was found in eight cases (18%) in a group of 44 patients (22 male) with odontogenic keratocysts treated at the Department of Oral Surgery and Oral Medicine, Odense University Hospital, from 1971 to 1983. All these recurrences were found in cysts with parakeratotic, thin, bandlike epithelium with palisade-like basal cells (Forssell group la). In 12 large cysts the use of a polyethylene drainage tube implanted at cystotomy and biopsy some months before primary cystectomy resulted in considerable reduction in the cystic lumen and also in alteration of the thin, fragile cystic epithelium into thick, solid cystic epithelium with no adhesion to the adjoining structures. No recurrence was seen in these 12 patients after an observation period of between 7 and 17 years. The decompression treatment seems to reduce the tendency to recurrence of the odontogenic keratocyst, which is far more important than the advantages to the surgeon of surgical simplicity and safety, and to the patient of less discomfort and pain.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Pulsed dye laser treatment of ureteral calculi.

During a period of 20 months 36 patients with symptomatic ureteric stones were treated ureteroscopically with laser lithotripsy. A pulsed dye laser was used through a rigid or a semi-rigid ureteroscope. The laser emits impulses at a duration of 2 microseconds and a wavelength of 504 nm. Complete disintegration was obtained in 20 patients (56%), and further 7 patients became stonefree after supplementary basket extraction of residual fragments. In 4 patients additional treatment with ultrasound probe was necessary and further 5 patients were finally treated with ESWL. Five cases of minor perforations of the ureter required no other treatment than stenting with a ureter-catheter or a double J stent. With the new generation of slender semirigid ureteroscopes based on fiberoptics the ureteroscopic procedure is simplified, as no dilatation of preoperative preparation of the ureter is needed.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Calcium binding in alpha-amylases: an X-ray diffraction study at 2.1-A resolution of two enzymes from Aspergillus.

X-ray diffraction analysis (at 2.1-A resolution) of an acid alpha-amylase from Aspergillus niger allowed a detailed description of the stereochemistry of the calcium-binding sites. The primary site (which is essential in maintaining proper folding around the active site) contains a tightly bound Ca2+ with an unusually high number of eight ligands (O delta 1 and O delta 2 of Asp175, O delta of Asn121, main-chain carbonyl oxygens of Glu162 and Glu210, and three water molecules). A secondary binding site was identified at the bottom of the substrate binding cleft; it involves the residues presumed to play a catalytic role (Asp206 and Glu230). This explains the inhibitory effect of calcium observed at higher concentrations. Neutral Aspergillus oryzae (TAKA) alpha-amylase was also refined in a new crystal at 2.1-A resolution. The structure of this homologous (over 80%) enzyme and additional kinetic studies support all the structural conclusions regarding both calcium-binding sites.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

[Do pregnant women with a low-situated placenta in the 16th week constitute a risk group?].

The object of this investigation was to elucidate whether pregnant women with low-placed placentae in the 16th week of pregnancy had more frequent haemorrhagic complications during pregnancy or during delivery and to demonstrate how many had placenta praevia at the time of delivery. In addition, the frequency of Caesarean section, the perinatal mortality, birthweights under 2,500 g in the infants delivered and placental anomalies were registered. A total of 1,572 pregnancies were investigated sonographically at about the 16th week of pregnancy and in 166 (10.6%) the placenta was found in the lower uterine segment. 40% of the 15 women with complete placenta praevia at the 16th week of pregnancy developed haemorrhage necessitating hospitalization, 27% were delivered by Caesarean section and 20% had placenta praevia at delivery. Out of 99 women with partial placenta praevia at the 16th week of pregnancy, one was found to have placenta praevia at the time of delivery but no significantly increased risk of haemorrhage necessitating hospitalization, abortion or Caesarean section. In 52 women with "deep insertion" of the placenta at the 16th week of pregnancy, one was subsequently found to have complete placenta praevia but the frequency of complications was not increased as compared with that in women with a free orifice. This investigation reveals a basis for control sonography of women with complete placenta praevia at the 16th week of pregnancy.

Female↗
PubMed1990

Influence of a single dose of indomethacin on some biochemical changes and postoperative intestinal paralysis following minor surgery. A prospective randomized double-blind study.

The influence of a single dose of indomethacin on the surgical stress response was investigated in a double-blind study including 43 patients scheduled for elective operation of inguinal hernia. Indomethacin or placebo was administered rectally 1 h before the start of operation. All patients had a standardized general anaesthetic. Blood samples for leucocyte count, sedimentation rate, iron and haemoglobin, and measurements of body temperature were taken preoperatively and on the day after surgery. Blood samples for glucose were taken preoperatively, and 4, 8 and 24 h after skin incision. In both groups a significant increase in leucocyte count and sedimentation rate as well as a decrease in serum iron were found, but there was no difference between the groups. Plasma glucose increased from 4 to 8 h after skin incision in the indomethacin group, but not in the placebo group. The postoperative need for methadon, the time needed to regain normal intestinal function and the hospital stay were the same in the two groups, and body temperature showed no change. These findings indicate that a single dose of indomethacin given preoperatively increased plasma glucose but had no effect on the other parameters studied.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Mesenteric cysts in Denmark in 1980-86].

On the basis of a material of mesenteric cysts from a period of six years in all Denmark, the symptomatology, diagnosis and treatment of mesenteric cysts (MC) are described. These cysts are rare: approximately one par 130,000 somatic admissions. Mesenteric cysts may be encountered along the entire gastro-intestinal canal from the duodenum to the rectum but are, however, most frequent in the mesentery of the small intestine. The symptoms were variable and depended upon the site, mobility, tension on the mesentery, the complications and, to a lesser extent, on the size. Ultrasonic scanning was the most important diagnostic aid. 5% of the cysts contained chyle and up to one third of these are stated to be malignant. Computed tomographic scanning is recommended preoperative as the density can reveal whether the content is chylous. Enucleation of mesenteric cysts would be attempted but, in cases of large cysts which prove difficult to resect, internal marsupialization may be employed. Material with low frequencies of recurrence and few complications have been presented employing this therapeutic method.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Bowel preparation prior to colonoscopy using a limited intake of electrolyte solution for cleansing. A comparison between peroral and rectal intestinal lavage evaluated through degree of cleansing, acceptability by the patient and nursing time involved.

In a randomised single-blind study, peroral intestinal cleansing was compared with rectal lavaging in 55 completed colonscopies. After rapid oral intake of 1.5 l cold (5-7 degrees C) electrolyte solution, a better cleansing of colon was observed than after rectal lavage. A majority of patients preferred this method. More than one hour per patient of the nurses' time was saved in the electrolyte solution group. The amount of electrolyte solution used was less than in previous studies. It did not result in undesirable fluid retention in the colon. No serious side effects were observed, and only minor changes in the patients' weight and plasma osmolality occurred in the electrolyte solution group.

Administration, Oral↗