PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

V J Yates

Publications and source records attributed to V J Yates.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1990

Detection of antibody to avian viruses in human populations.

The ability of three avian viruses to elicit antibody response in humans was surveyed for the purpose of identifying zoonotic diseases. Antibody levels in people associated with poultry were compared to those in people having limited poultry association. Antibody levels to three avian viruses: infectious bursal disease virus, a birnavirus; Newcastle disease virus, a paramyxovirus; and avian infectious bronchitis virus, a coronavirus were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Differences between the two study groups were evident: people having a known association with poultry showed significantly higher levels of antibodies to Newcastle disease and avian infectious bronchitis virus. Antibodies detected may be due to virus exposure rather than zoonoses.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Evidence of exposure of waterfowl and other aquatic birds to the hemagglutinating duck adenovirus identical to EDS-76 virus.

Serum and fecal samples from 12 species of aquatic birds were studied for evidence of exposure to a hemagglutinating duck adenovirus (DAV). DAV is serologically indistinguishable from egg-drop syndrome-76 virus. A total of 285 serum samples were tested by the hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) test. Forty-two percent of the birds had HI antibodies, with titers ranging from 8 to 256. Wild ducks showed the highest frequency of antibodies (56%) while in coots and grebes, antibody was less frequent, 33% and 26%, respectively. Attempted virus isolations from 79 fecal samples were unsuccessful. The data support the hypothesis that DAV is indigenous in wild duck populations and suggest that infection and viremia are limited in time and occur at a very early age.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1982

Is avian adeno-associated virus an endogenous virus of chicken cells?

The adeno-associated viruses (AAV) are defective parvoviruses which produce infective progeny only in cells co-infected with a 'helper' adenovirus (Ad). Both human and simian AAV have been recovered from human and simian primary cell cultures following their inoculation with 'AAV-free' Ad. Whereas some studies have suggested that AAV exists in a latent state in these cells, others have indicated that the AAV genome is capable of establishing and maintaining a latent state in defined laboratory conditions which mimic the situation proposed for the 'latent' AAV recovered from human and simian tissues. Here, avian adeno-associated virus (AAAV) was consistently recovered from limiting dilutions of purified and unpurified avian Ad stocks propagated in embryonating chicken eggs derived from two independently raised flocks of White Leghorn (WL) chickens but not when these Ad stocks were propagated in duck cells. These observations suggest that AAAV is a latent endogenous virus of at least some flocks of WL chickens.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Serologic evidence of avian adeno-associated virus infection in an unselected human population and among poultry workers.

Six (6.0%) of 100 serum samples from an unselected adult population were positive for antibody to avian adeno-associated virus (A-AV) by agar gel precipitation (AGP), and 10 (15.6%) of 64 were positive by virus neutralization (VN). Three (14.3%) of 21 samples from poultry workers (industry or research) were positive for avian A-AV antibody by AGP and 14 (66.7%) of 21 were positive by VN. All sera positive by AGP were also positive by VN. Twenty-two of 244 sera positive for antibody to avian A-AV by VN were positive for human adenovirus antibody. None of the sera were positive for avian adenoviral antibody by AGP. No cross reaction was noted by AGP when antiserum to avian A-AV was reacted against primate antigens of serotypes 1-4 or when antiserum to A-AV serotypes 1-14 were reacted against avian A-AV antigen. Antiserum prepared against primate A-AV serotypes 1-4 did not neutralize the avian A-AV. These results suggest that avian A-AV infections are not restricted to avian species but are found in the human adult population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Populations of infectious virus produced during avian adenovirus-associated virus infection.

Multiple rounds of infection in vitro or in vivo with avian adenovirus-associated virus (AvA-AV) and avian adenovirus (AvAV) result in production of both heavy (H) and light (L) infectious forms. In this study, the infectious AvA-AV progeny produced at different hours during recombined dual infection of cells with either H or L AvA-AV and AvAV was determined by equilibrium CSCl centrifugation and infectivity assay. In both types of infection, H virions were found early, both intra- and extracellularly, whereas L virions were found late. The data iondicate an H to L particle density shift during infection. Virus-specified cell-dependent factors mediated the process extracellularly, as activity was detected in infected cell-conditioned medium and in lysates of infected cells but not in medium or components of uninfected cells. The shift in density was accompanied by a conversion in particle type. H and L virions differed in size and conformation as evidenced by differences in serological cross-reactivity and physical-chemical stability during heat inactivation, ultrasonic disruption and DNA extraction.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1980

Enhancement and inhibition of CELO virus pathogenicity in quail by avian adenovirus-associated virus.

Dual infection of 12 day-old quail (Colinus virginianus) with 10(6) plaque forming units of CELO virus and low doses of avian adeno-associated virus (A-AV), resulted in significant enhancement of CELO virus-induced mortality, whereas dual infections with high doses of A-AV resulted in a delay in mortality. A-AV induced enhancement and inhibition of CELO virus pathogenicity could be blocked by the addition of A-AV antiserum prior to infection.

Adenoviridae Infections↗
PubMed1979

Inhibition and enhancement of avian adenovirus plaque production by heavy and light avian adenovirus-associated viral particles.

The effect of heavy and light avian adenovirus-associated viral (A-AV) particles on the replication of several adenovirus serotypes was studied in chicken embryo kidney cells. There was a significant decrease (P less than 0.05) in the number and size of adenovirus-induced plaques at A-AV multiplicities of infection greater than 40. Enhancement of plaque production was observed when A-AV multiplicities of infection were 1 to 40. There was a significant increase in the number and size of infective centers. Analysis of cellular yields indicated an increase in the number of adenoviruses produced per cell. Heavy A-AV particles of buoyant density 1.42 g/cm3 in CsCl were found to enhance plaque production more than light particles (1.38 g/cm3). Conversely, light particles showed greater inhibition of plaque production. Adenovirus serotypes varied in their response to enhancement or inhibition by A-AV particles of different density.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1979

Egg transmission of avian adenovirus-associated virus and CELO virus during a naturally occurring infection.

Both avian adenovirus-associated virus (A-AV) and CELO virus were isolated from the embryonating eggs of 25-week-old black sex-linked hens during a naturally occurring infection. In the first 7 days of egg collection, A-AV was isolated from 10 of 43 (23.2%) embryonating eggs, and CELO virus was isolated from 8 of 43 (18.6%) embryonating eggs. Both viruses were isolated from six eggs. In the next 16 days of egg collection, A-AV and CELO virus were coisolated from 1 of 127 (0.8%) eggs; all other samples were negative for both viruses. All six hens transmitting A-AV to eggs and 5 of 6 hens transmitting CELO virus showed seroconversions (fourfold increase in antibody concentrations). Viruses were not isolated from eggs after the hens showed a fourfold increase in antibody concentrations.

Adenoviridae Infections↗
PubMed1975

Detection and serological identification of adeno-associated virus in avian adenovirus stocks.

Eleven avian adenovirus strains were tested for the presence of avian adeno-associated viruses (AAAV). Six strains contained AAAV. Electron microscopy using rabbit anti-AAAV serum was useful in detecting the satellite virus. The AAAV previously isolated from guail bronchitis virus was related to each of the six new isolates by immunoagglutination, complement fixation, immunodiffusion, and neutralization tests.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1975

Cell-to-cell attachments and associations in tumors induced by CELO virus or virus-transformed cells in hamsters.

Cell-to-cell attachments or associations in expermentally induced sarcoma of chicken embryo lethal orphan virus (avian adenovirus) origin were studied in hamsters by electron microscopic examination. In many instances, the neoplastic cells seemed to be held together either by desmosome-like structures or an "interlocking" of their apposing plasma membranes. Less frequently, the cells were attached by button-like projections between the cell surfaces. Only rarely, interdigitation occurred between filopodial processes of cell surface of adjoining cells.

Adenoviridae↗
PubMed1973

Isolation and characterization of an Avian adenovirus-associated virus.

An 18- to 20-nm virus particle was isolated from the Olson strain of quail bronchitis, an avian adenovirus. On density gradient separation the small virions were primarily found at densities of 1.39 and 1.42 g/cm(3). The majority of the infectious particles were at the heavier density. The virus had a hexagonal outline and contained single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid. It was resistant to heating at 56 C for more than an hour and was not inactivated by treatment with chloroform or low pH. Purified virus did not agglutinate erythrocytes of various avian and mammalian species. Replication of the small particles occurred either in chicken embryos or in cultures of embryo kidney cells coinfected with an adenovirus helper. Antigenically the virus was distinct from the adeno-associated viruses types 1, 2, 3, and 4. The virus is the avian equivalent of the adeno-associated viruses of primates and lower animals.

Adenoviridae↗