PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

V Jahnke

Publications and source records attributed to V Jahnke.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Extracellular matrix in the rat spiral limbus.

The matrix of the spiral limbus is obviously a special form of the intercellular substance. In the present study, the rat's spiral limbus was investigated by electron microscopy after fixation with ruthenium red and tannic acid and immunofluorescence to demonstrate matrix components. Collagen types I, II, V, VI, VII, IX and XI and fibronectin were not observed. Collagen type II and cartilage-specific proteoglycans, however, occurred in large quantities. The basal lamina of interdental cells and inner sulcus cells did not contain any collagen type IV, while the basal lamina of the capillaries had only minor amounts. Laminin and nidogen appeared in large amounts in the basal lamina. After fixation with tannic acid, the matrix between the interdental cells and the capillaries contained 20- to 22-nm-thick single and irregularly running fibrils as well as plaques of a fine granular material. After fixation with ruthenium red, 30- to 60-nm-thick, electron-dense granules occurred and most probably consisted of proteoglycans. These findings indicate that the composition of the matrix of the spiral limbus is similar to that of cartilage but not identical.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Differential diagnosis of an ear canal polyp].

Aural polyps or granulation tissue, though usually due to infection, may represent a neoplasm, the most frequent malignant tumour in childhood being rhabdomyosarcoma. We report a 9-year-old boy from whom an aural polyp was removed 4 years ago, with the histological diagnosis of a botryoid (alveolar type) rhabdomyosarcoma. Surgery and chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, vincristine, adriamycin and actinomycin D were followed by a local recurrence 2 years later. This was treated by chemotherapy and irradiation with 50 Gy; the child has now been free of disease for 2 years. Rhabdomyosarcoma of the ear has a considerably improved cure rate with newer treatments if the diagnosis is made early by biopsy.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Presence of vasoactive intestinal peptide receptors in nasal mucosa.

In recent years several tachykinins have been identified in the airway sensory nerves. Since the physiological and pathophysiological effects of neuropeptides depend on their functionally relevant concentrations and presence of specific receptors in the target tissue, specimens of enlarged turbinates and nasal polyps were removed in 11 patients and examined for the presence of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) receptors. An intensive color reaction was observed in the cytoplasm of the tubular mucosa cells in polyps and turbinates as well as in the epithelium and submucosal glands. Since both these tissues reacted with VIP receptor antibody, noncross-reacting antibody against dendritic reticular cells (DRC 6-B7), nonspecific binding is possible, however it also must be speculated that the unspecific binding is overlaying specific binding. In addition a large number of cells located diffusely or in close association in the subepithelium and interstitial tissue stained only with VIP-specific antibody, indicating specific receptor binding. The color reaction is limited to the cell membrane and the cytoplasm of these cells was clearly eosinophilic. These cells were located in close proximity of the blood vessels, very indicative for active migration. Since VIP-positive nerves are also located near the blood vessels an activation process of these cells with subsequent release of enzymes and other active proteins is possible, thus influencing the inflammatory response.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Metastasis to the ENT area].

We report three patients with metastases to the ENT-region mimicking a primary malignant tumour. A 36-year-old woman presented with vertigo, sudden hearing loss, partial facial palsy and headaches. CT scan suggested a meningioma or an acoustic neuroma. Histological examination of the neoplasm removed surgically showed a metastasis from an amelanotic melanoma. A 38-year-old woman with nodules in the tongue had dysphagia. The history revealed that she had been treated successfully with chemotherapy for a carcinoma of the uterine cervix one year ago. Histological examination of a tongue biopsy showed a metastasis from the uterine carcinoma. The primary tumour was in complete remission. The third patient was treated for recurrent epistaxis. Physical examination showed a tumour in the right nasal cavity. A CT scan showed a tumour of the ethmoid cells and of the maxillary sinus, protruding into the nose. Histology and immunohistology proved a metastasis from a primary carcinoma of the liver. Ultrasound and CT scan of the liver confirmed the diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Dysphagia in the elderly].

The prevalence of dysphagia in the elderly ("presbyphagia") is probably still underestimated, though this disorder represents a major geriatric problem; special attention is necessary to prevent malnutrition, dehydration and aspiration pneumonia. Primary presbyphagia due to physiological, age-related changes of the swallowing mechanism must be differentiated from secondary presbyphagia attributable to diseases which are more frequent in the elderly. Transnasal pharyngo-laryngo-fiberendoscopy, videofluoroscopy and the "modified barium swallow" are of particular value in the diagnostic approach to presbyphagia. The possibilities of treatment are limited. They are aimed at dietary adjustments, compensatory mechanisms based on the properties of the volume and consistency of the food, proper feeding position and help by other persons. Individual swallowing exercises by a speech therapist are particularly valuable. Surgical procedures for the treatment of underlying organic disorders are less often indicated in presbyphagia.

Aged↗
PubMed1991

[Technique of microvascular jejunum transfer for replacement of the cervical esophagus].

Technique and results of the first 10 free jejunal grafts after pharyngolaryngectomy are presented. End-to-side venous anastomosis and end-to-side pharyngojejunostomy instead of end-to-end techniques are proposed. Hospital mortality was 0 and as minor complications 1 uncomplicated fistula of the proximal and 1 stenosis of the distal anastomosis along with 1 wound infection were seen. There were no vascular complications and no graft loss. All patients were able to swallow and to eat thus an excellent quality of life was achieved.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Diagnostic approach to dysphagia from the ENT viewpoint].

The diagnostic procedure for the symptom oropharyngeal dysphagia is described from an otorhinolaryngologic point of view, with emphasis on an interdisciplinary team approach. The various methods used in modern otorhinolaryngology both by the practitioner and the clinician are discussed with regard to a step-like diagnostic approach. The diagnosis should be made on the basis of aetiology, anatomy and function. First all organic changes causing oropharyngeal dysphagia must be recognized, both "typical ENT diseases" and malignant tumors of the oropharynx and hypopharynx which are usually diagnosed only in an advanced stage. If there is no evidence of an organic cause in the field of otorhinolaryngology, as a differential diagnosis a dysfunction of the upper esophageal sphincter and a "globus pharyngus" have to be ruled out.

Deglutition Disorders↗
PubMed1990

[Cavernous hemangioma of the maxillary sinus].

Cavernous haemangioma of the paranasal sinuses is very rare. We describe the X-ray and CT findings in a case of cavernous haemangioma which originated from the mucous membrane of the maxillary sinus and eroded the bony boundary of the sinus.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1988

[Angiodynography: a new imaging procedure in the ENT field].

A new diagnostic imaging is presented which demonstrates the blood flow in addition to the usual ultrasonic image. Motion pictures show both the direction of the blood flow in different colours and the speed in variable intensity of the colour. Thus vessels of only 0.5 mm diameter may be identified. In otorhinolaryngology, the vascular supply of space-occupying lesions can be determined quantitatively in a noninvasive way. Lymphomas may be differentiated from vascular tumours and malformations. Preoperatively, vessels adjacent to the tumour may be identified. This method is particularly useful in the evaluation of thyroid and salivary gland disorders.

Blood Flow Velocity↗
PubMed1985

Surgery for squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue and floor of the mouth.

Surgery for cancer of the tongue and floor of the mouth has become more varied and generally more conservative, influenced by advances in oncology and modern reconstructive methods. Combined therapy is favored, with postoperative irradiation and sometimes adjunctive chemotherapy, using cis-platinum. T1 carcinomas of the tongue and floor of the mouth can be treated with either wide local excision or irradiation alone, but surgery is the preferred method. T2-T4 tumors treated by resection combined with radiation therapy promise the best results. The indications and principles of the most important operative procedures are discussed: local excision; partial and total glossectomy; excision of the floor of the mouth with marginal mandibular resection; composite resection. Mandible sparing operations such as a modification of the "pull through" technique described by Stell or temporary splitting of the mandible are oncologically safe in many cases. A radical neck dissection is indicated in each carcinoma of the tongue or floor of the mouth with palpable lymph nodes. If no nodes are palpable, an elective neck dissection appears justified in view of the high frequency of clinically occult lymph node metastases. Reconstructive measures following radical tongue and floor of the mouth operations are required for regaining mobility of the remaining tongue, for reconstruction of the floor of the mouth and for replacement of the mandible. For immediate reconstruction, the most frequently used technique is the pectoralis major myocutaneous flap which has largely replaced the previously employed local and regional flaps. A significant problem remains with mandibular reconstruction.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1985

Electron microscopy in rhinology.

In rhinology, electron microscopy has been a useful research tool for the past 15 years, but provided only a few direct clinical applications. In this review, the author's work on the human nasal mucosa and the studies of other investigators are discussed, with the emphasis on allergic reactions and disturbances of the autonomous nervous system as well as the immotile cilia syndrome.

Autonomic Nervous System↗
PubMed1980

[Experiences using combination chemotherapy with cis-platinum, bleomycin and methotrexate in the management of advanced squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck (author's transl)].

21 patients with unresectable or previously treated squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck were treated with combination chemotherapy using cis-platinum, bleomycin and methotrexate. On day one of treatment, patients were given bleomycin (15 mg/M2) and methotrexate (20 mg/M2). On day two, a high dose of cis-platinum (120 mg/M2) was given. Up to five courses of therapy were given, with at least three weeks used as intervals between treatment. This therapy was tolerated by all patients, inclusive of the elderly and debilitated. Toxicity associated with this regimen was found to be more acceptable, and the tumor response considerably better than with the use of bleomycin-methotrexate alone. The temporary tumor response rate was found to be 85%, with patient survival varying to 16 months. Our experiences with cis-platinum confirm those results previously reported from tumor clinics in the United States during the past several years.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Prenatal causes of sensorineural hearing loss in children (author's transl)].

Prenatal causes of sensorineural hearing loss in children may be genetic or nongenetic, the deafness occurs alone or with other abnormalities. In addition, there are prenatal causes of a sensorineural hearing loss which is of delayed onset postnatally. In this review only the better known causes are discussed in which the otorhinolaryngologist should establish a diagnosis early, particularly when the possibility exists of preventing or even treating the hearing loss.

Aminoglycosides↗
PubMed1979

[ENT considerations of head and facial pain (author's transl)].

To the otolaryngologist, there are multiple causes for head or facial pain: headaches due to ear diseases; idiopathic neuralgias; "referred otalgia" involving cranial nerves V, IX, X; temporomandibular joint dysfunction; rhinological pathologies, including post-traumatic trigeminal neuralgia; "facial sympathalgias"; the styloid process syndrome; and cervical spine problems. Less known causes of head and neck pain are stressed, and emphasis placed on their diagnosis and treatment.

Facial Neuralgia↗
PubMed1978

Electron microscopic study of the normal and allergic nasal mucosa.

Electron microscopic studies of the human nasal mucosa have complemented earlier histological and histochemical studies. In this paper, the fine structural details observed in different tissue components are described and discussed in relation to the function of the nasal mucosa under normal and pathological conditions. The physiological changes in the anterior part of the inferior turbinate which occur under the influence of air currents differ clearly from the electron microscopic picture of respiratory mucosa with typical ciliated epithelium. The fine structure of the allergic nasal mucosa differs according to the stage of the allergic reaction; the characteristic changes are described both after different time intervals following intranasal allergic testing with positive reaction as well as in patients with seasonal or perennial nasal allergy of longer duration.

Humans↗