Biomedical subjects

V Jay

Publications and source records attributed to V Jay.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2000

Infantile hemangioendothelioma of the pericranium presenting as an occipital mass lesion. Case report.

The case of a newborn infant with a large midline mass in the occipital region is presented. Skull x-ray films demonstrated multiple radiolucent defects in the occipital bone. A computerized tomography scan revealed an extracranial mass lesion with marked contrast enhancement. A magnetic resonance image demonstrated that the venous drainage of the lesion passed through the occipital bone into the dural venous sinuses. The anatomy of the hindbrain was normal. The neonate was treated by complete surgical removal of the mass. The histopathological diagnosis was infantile hemangioendothelioma, a tumor commonly found in the liver but rarely in this location. The classification, histopathological characteristics, imaging studies, and treatment of this tumor are discussed.

Hemangioendothelioma↗

PubMed2000

Molecular cytogenetic analysis of medulloblastomas and supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumors by using conventional banding, comparative genomic hybridization, and spectral karyotyping.

OBJECT: Medulloblastomas and related primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs) of the central nervous system are malignant, invasive embryonal tumors with predominantly neuronal differentiation that comprise 20% of pediatric brain tumors. Cytogenetic analysis has shown that alterations in chromosome 17, particularly the loss of 17p and the formation of isochromosome 17q, as well as the gain of chromosome 7 are the most common changes among this group of tumors. Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) studies have largely confirmed these cytogenetic findings and have also identified novel regions of gain, loss, and amplification. The advent of more sophisticated multicolored fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) procedures such as spectral karyotyping (SKY) now permits complete recognition of all aberrations including extremely complex rearrangements. The authors report a retrospective analysis of 19 medulloblastoma and five PNET cases studied using combinations of classic banding analysis, FISH, CGH, and SKY to examine comprehensively the chromosomal aberrations present in this tumor group and to attempt to identify common structural rearrangement(s). METHODS: The CGH data demonstrate gains of chromosomes 17q and 7 in 60% of the tumors studied, which confirms data reported in the current literature. However, the authors have also combined the results of all three molecular cytogenetic assays (Giemsa banding, CGH, and SKY) to reveal the frequency of chromosomal rearrangement (gained, lost, or involved in structural rearrangement). CONCLUSIONS: The combined results indicate that chromosomes 7 and 17 are the most frequently rearranged chromosomes (10.1% and 8.9%, respectively, in all rearrangements detected). Furthermore, chromosomes 3 (7.8%), 14 (7%), 10 (6.7%), and 22 (6.5%) were also found to be frequently rearranged, followed by chromosomes 6 (6.5%), 13 (6.2%), and 18 (6.2%). Eight (33%) of 24 tumors exhibited high-level gains or gene amplification. Amplification of MYCN was identified in four tumors, whereas amplification of MYCC was identified in one tumor. One tumor exhibited a high-level gain of chromosome 9p. Additionally, desmoplastic medulloblastomas and large-cell medulloblastomas exhibited higher karyotype heterogeneity, amplification, and aneusomy than classic medulloblastomas.

Brain Neoplasms↗

PubMed2000

Primary malignant rhabdoid tumor of the brain: CT and MR findings.

PURPOSE: To describe the CT and MR findings of primary malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) of the brain, which is a rare but very aggressive neoplasm in childhood. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospectively, we evaluated the CT and MR findings of 5 patients of primary MRT of the brain with a review of clinical records. RESULTS: The primary MRTs of the brain were large (n = 4) with a tendency to be associated with necrosis, hemorrhage (n = 2) and calcification (n = 2). Solid components of the tumor showed increased attenuation on precontrast CT scan and iso- or slightly hyper-signal intensity on T2-weighted images probably due to hypercellularity. Solid components of the tumor were also well enhanced on contrast-enhanced CT scan (n = 5) and MRI (n = 2). In 1 case with intratumoral bleeding, MR findings were variable on T1-weighted and T2-weighted images. Intracranial and intraspinal metastasis were found in 2 cases on preoperative MR studies. Follow-up CT and MR studies showed recurrence of the tumor and/or leptomeningeal metastasis in 3 cases. CONCLUSIONS: Although CT and MR findings of primary MRT of the brain are nonspecific, a tendency toward large size, calcification and intratumoral bleeding may be attributed to CT and MR findings. The solid components of tumors could present hyperdense on precontrast CT scan and iso- or slightly hyper-signal intensity on T2-weighted MR image. Preoperative and follow-up MR studies are important to detect metastatic foci.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2000