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Biomedical subjects

V K Garg

Publications and source records attributed to V K Garg.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

Essential hypertension: could the basic defect be in blood supply of vasomotor centre?

Various factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension, although the exact cause of essential hypertension is still unknown. In this paper it is suggested that the basic pathology in essential hypertension may be an inherited defect in the blood supply of that part of reticular formation of rostral ventrolateral medulla which contains the pressor area. The posited defect is one in which the arterial branch supplying blood to the above-mentioned pressor area of vasomotor center arises from an artery which is stenosed. The other branches of this stenosed artery supply adjacent areas of medullary reticular formation concerned with other neurological functions. Due to this stenosis there is ischaemia of the pressor area resulting in increased systemic arterial pressure. During stress, the blood requirement of adjacent areas of the reticular formation (whose function is still not clearly defined) may increase, thus further decreasing blood flow to vasopressor area and increasing the cerebral ischaemic response. After a prolonged time, this increased blood pressure can cause hyaline arteriolar nephrosclerosis in kidney, which may participate in the maintenance of elevated systemic arterial pressure.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Scrofuloderma of the scalp, psoas abscess, and caries spine: an unusual association.

An unusual association of scrofuloderma of the scalp, psoas abscess, and caries spine was seen in a 4-year-old girl. The diagnosis was confirmed by relative and absolute criteria. The peripheral T-lymphocytes and their subsets were within normal limits, although her immunohistopathological changes indicated an intermediary response across the spectrum depicting an unstable immunity. This may have been responsible for the silent spread of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the current association.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1994

Hypozincemia in diabetes mellitus.

The present study was conducted on 20 age and sex matched healthy controls and 30 patients of diabetes mellitus. Serum zinc levels in diabetics were found to be significantly (p < 0.001) reduced as compared to healthy controls. There was no significant sex difference (P > 0.05) in serum zinc levels amongst diabetic patients and healthy controls. Hypozincema in diabetes mellitus may be due to altered zinc metabolism and oral zinc may have a role in therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Is combined therapy of sympathomimetics and theophylline indicated?

Bronchodilator effect and toxicity of theophylline 300 mg twice a day (R1), salbutamol 4 mg tid (R2), their combination in higher (200/4mg, R3), and lower doses (100/2mg R4), and placebo (calcium lactate 300 mg) tid (R5) were compared in 25 patients with bronchial asthma in a randomized crossover trial. Statistically significant improvement in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) was observed in all the active treatment groups (R1 to R4) compared with placebo (R5). The mean improvement in FEV1 was 29.0%, 22.0%, 28.0%, 30.0%, and 0.73% in regimen R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5, respectively day 1, and corresponding improvement was 30.0%, 24.0%, 29.0%, 34.0%, and 4.4% on completion of one week therapy. On intergroup statistical comparison, mean improvement in pulmonary function test values were statistically significant or highly significant in regimens R1 to R4, as compared with placebo. However, improvement between any two regimens was not statistically significant in any of the regimens (R1-R4). Almost all the regimens were tolerated well and no patient showed major adverse reactions or cardiotoxicity necessitating withdrawal of the drug. On the other hand, minor adverse reactions were common and the high dose combination (R3) was found to have more adverse reactions than the low dose combination and either drug used alone.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Bromocriptine therapy in acromegaly. A long-term review of 35 cases.

Bromocriptine (CB-154, Parlodel, Sandoz) was given to 35 acromegalic patients for a period of 6-36 months. Basal and post-therapy endocrine functions including estimation of serum growth hormone (GH) profile; and GH kinetics during oral glucose tolerance test, augmented insulin tolerance test and thyrotrophin releasing hormone test were determined. The pituitary tumour size was delineated by a pneumoencephalogram. The mean GH levels ranged from 14 micrograms/l to 316 micrograms/l. Bromocriptine suppressed GH values to 5 micrograms/l or less in 16 patients and less than 10 micrograms/l in a further 6 patients. In 33 patients GH values fell to 50% of the basal value or less. There was no significant GH reduction in 2 'nonresponders'. Bromocriptine did not block the stress-induced GH secretion. It did not disturb pituitary functions other than prolactin which was suppressed much earlier and was maintained with smaller doses. GH suppression on the other hand was shortlived and rebounded when the drug was omitted. It had no adverse effect on tumour size in 2 patients having suprasellar extension of the tumour. Bromocriptine improved carbohydrate tolerance and sexual function although it did not affect insulin and gonadotrophin values. It seems reasonable to offer a trial of bromocriptine in all patients with acromegaly where therapy is deemed necessary as it is well tolerated, has insignificant side effects and no adverse drug interactions. Its high cost and prolonged course are obvious disadvantages. Caution should be exercised in cases with suprasellar extension and visual field involvement.

Acromegaly↗
PubMed1981

Pituitary apoplexy (spontaneous pituitary necrosis).

Pituitary apoplexy or spontaneous pituitary necrosis is an ill-understood clinical syndrome. It may occur as a neurological emergency requiring urgent interference in a patient with a known pituitary dysfunction or it may be responsible for drawing attention to an as yet unrecognized pituitary pathology. It has a bizarre clinical profile and an unpredictable neurological and endocrine course. Patients may die at once or may recover with or without endocrine/neurological deficit. Six cases of pituitary apoplexy with varied clinical presentation are cited.

Adenoma, Chromophobe↗