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V Klig

Publications and source records attributed to V Klig.

4 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Spontaneous echographic contrast in the inferior vena cava.

The inferior vena cava was examined for spontaneous contrast by two-dimensional echocardiography in 106 consecutive patients. Images of the inferior vena cava in six patients were inadequate and were excluded from further analysis. The study population included 100 patients, 41 men and 59 women. Twenty-three patients had an intravenous line or heparin lock in place at the time of the echocardiographic examination. Ten patients had definite contrast in the inferior vena cava, seven had equivocal contrast, and 83 had no contrast. The three groups did not differ significantly with respect to sex distribution, age, associated diagnoses, or inferior vena cava dimension. We concluded that spontaneous inferior vena cava contrast is commonly seen in adults, both normal subjects and patients with various types of heart disease. There was no specific category of heart disease that predominated in patients with spontaneous inferior vena cava contrast. Although it may be associated with impairment to filling of the right side of the heart and may resolve when normal right heart hemodynamics are restored, spontaneous inferior vena cava contrast is usually a finding with little clinical import. Several possible etiologic factors include microbubbles and aggregates of formed blood elements. Spontaneous inferior vena cava contrast is seen more frequently with a higher frequency imaging system.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Generating precision microbubbles for use as an echocardiographic contrast agent.

To investigate whether precision microbubbles can be simply generated and used for quantitative contrast echocardiographic studies, precision microbubbles were fabricated in gelatin using a simple generator. The generator consisted of a fluid pump, a generating site containing a narrow bore tube and a bubble stream output port. Up to 5,000 microbubbles/s were generated with a controllable radius of 80 to 150 mu. No detectable interbubble size variation was observed under high power microscopy. To examine whether these bubbles could be used for quantitative contrast echocardiographic studies, they were then infused into a tube with a known flow of degassed water during ultrasonic imaging. The resulting ultrasonic contrast effect in the tube lumen at steady state was recorded and subsequently measured by videodensitometry. The precision microbubbles were visually and microscopically stable during the experimental run. Correlations between microbubble infusion rate and luminal videodensitometry on individual runs were r = 0.89, 0.83, 0.73 and 0.71. It is concluded that precision microbubbles can be generated in sufficient quantities on site to serve as an echocardiographic contrast agent for quantitative studies in vitro and at a very modest cost. These precision microbubbles are sufficiently stable to be collected and stored for short periods of time.

Air↗