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Biomedical subjects

V Koo

Publications and source records attributed to V Koo.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Non-invasive in vivo imaging in small animal research.

Non-invasive real time in vivo molecular imaging in small animal models has become the essential bridge between in vitro data and their translation into clinical applications. The tremendous development and technological progress, such as tumour modelling, monitoring of tumour growth and detection of metastasis, has facilitated translational drug development. This has added to our knowledge on carcinogenesis. The modalities that are commonly used include Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Computed Tomography (CT), Positron Emission Tomography (PET), bioluminescence imaging, fluorescence imaging and multi-modality imaging systems. The ability to obtain multiple images longitudinally provides reliable information whilst reducing animal numbers. As yet there is no one modality that is ideal for all experimental studies. This review outlines the instrumentation available together with corresponding applications reported in the literature with particular emphasis on cancer research. Advantages and limitations to current imaging technology are discussed and the issues concerning small animal care during imaging are highlighted.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in the diagnosis of granulomatous lymphadenitis.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the final histological and clinical diagnosis of patients with granulomatous lymphadenitis on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). METHOD: A retrospective cohort study was carried out over a five year period in a tertiary referral hospital. FNAC of 22 patients with granulomatous lymphadenitis was reviewed and correlated with the final histological diagnosis and clinical outcome. RESULTS: Fourteen cases (64%) underwent surgical biopsy for histological assessment. A definitive diagnosis on FNAC with ancillary investigations was achieved in 82% (18 out of 22) of the cases: four Hodgkin's lymphoma, two non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), five tuberculosis (TB), two toxoplasmosis, one sarcoidosis and four benign reactive changes. CONCLUSION: A significant number of cases of FNAC diagnosed granulomatous lymphadenitis have an identifiable underlying cause. Patients with reactive cytological changes, who clinically appear benign, can avoid unnecessary surgery.

Biopsy, Fine-Needle↗
PubMed1983

Marrow neutrophil mass in patients with nonhematological tumor.

The state of granulocytopoiesis was assessed in 15 patients with metastatic carcinoma without infection, overt protein-calorie malnutrition, splenomegaly, or prior chemotherapy. Seven patients had decreased total marrow neutrophil mass, accompanied by proportional reduction in marrow proliferative and nonproliferative neutrophil pool, without increased numbers or proliferative capacity of marrow CFC or myeloid mitotic index. Four patients had decreased MGR assessed with hydrocortisone, but only one had reduced marrow nonproliferative neutrophil pool. Neither MGR nor blood neutrophil count correlates significantly with nonproliferative neutrophil pool or the number of band and segmented neutrophils in the bone marrow. The blood neutrophil count, however, correlates significantly with total marrow neutrophil mass (r = 0.69, p less than 0.01) and proliferative neutrophil pool (r = 0.68, p less than 0.01). These findings suggest that reduced marrow neutrophil mass is common in patients with metastatic carcinoma in the absence of overt protein-calorie malnutrition and that the reduced marrow neutrophil mass is most likely due to depressed granulocytopoiesis.

Aged↗
PubMed1979

The proliferative states of circulating granulopoietic stem cells in man.

The fraction of granulocyte-macrophage colony-forming cells (CFC) in DNA synthetic phase in blood from 25 normal adults and those in blood and bone marrow from 8 haematologically normal subjects were evaluated by in vitro culture of cells with and without prior exposure to 3H-thymidine (12.5 muCi) for 1 h at 37 degrees C. The exposure of blood cells from normal adults to 3H-thymidine resulted in 26 +/- 10% reduction in colony formation and in 14 +/- 10% reduction in cluster formation. There was no difference in the magnitude of reduction in colony formation following exposure to 3H-thymidine by cells in blood and those in bone marrow in 6 of the 8 haematologically normal subjects. These findings indicated that about one fourth of the circulating CFC in normal adults are in proliferative state and that significant difference in proliferative states between CFC in blood and those in bone marrow probably does not exist in the majority of haematologically normal subjects.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Serum inhibitor activity of granulocyte-macrophage colony formation in patients with cancer.

The serum inhibitor activities of granulocyte-macrophage colony formation were evaluated by the in vitro culture technique in 60 patients with cancer and control subjects including 24 normal adults and 27 patients with a variety of nonneoplastic disorders. The inhibitor activity in cancer patients (mean, 59%) was significantly higher (p less than 0.001) than was that in normal adults (mean, 31%) and patients with nonneoplastic diseases (mean 36%). There was no difference in the inhibitor activity between the latter two groups of subjects. There was no correlation between the serum inhibitor activity in cancer patients and the histological type or primary site of tumor, the estimated duration of extent of disease, and serum albumin levels. Preliminary observations indicated that the inhibitor activity may be associated with serum lipoproteins. There was no significant difference in serum colony-stimulating activity among cancer patients, normal subjects, and patients with nonneoplastic diseases.

Adult↗