Biomedical subjects

V Lalosević

Publications and source records attributed to V Lalosević.

12 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2001

[Clinical trial of YU BHK Rabivak vaccine against rabies in volunteers].

The BHK (baby hamster kidney) continual cell line has been used for years in the production of rabies vaccine for animals. Becouse of the rich harvesting of rabies virus from this cell substrate, there is no need of the an additional virus concentration, so that the vaccine production can be organised in small local Pasteur Institutes as well. Although its long-range use in the veterinary medicine has proved that the BHK line is safe and that the vaccine is immunogenic, its use in the human medicine has been only recently studied. According to the latest recommendations of the Expert Committee for the Biological Standardisation of the WHO from 1998, residual cellular DNA in the vaccine is not a potential risk because the inactivation of the vaccine by the beta-propiolactone completely inactivates its possible biologic activity. In the work, the authors report the results of the third phase of the clinical trail of the YU BHK Rabivak vaccine on volunteers. The rabies vaccine studied, named YU BHK Rabivak, produced by Novi Sad Pasteur Institute, caused the generation of protective titre of virus-neutralising antibodies in all examinees: in 96.4% after 2 doses, in 99% after 3 doses, and in 100% after 4 and 5 doses of the vaccine. The registered side effects were expected, mild, did not need medical treatment, and were not more frequent than in the case of other vaccines from cell culture.

Adult↗

PubMed2001

[10 years' of production and use of human rabies immunoglobulin in Yugoslavia].

Application of the rabies immunoglobuline is a compulsory part of the prophylaxis of rabies in all severe, transdermal lesions caused by rabies infected animals. Sylvatic rabies has spread in the past few years throughout the whole Yugoslavia, and human cases of rabies have also been reported in other East European countries. In order to achieve the highest level of rabies prophylaxis, apart from postinfective rabies vaccination, it is necessary to provide passive immunization using specific antibodies against rabies. After successful immunization of the young, healthy volunteers in 1990, National Blood Transfusion Institute, in cooperation with the Pasteur Institute from Novi Sad, prepared the first quantities of immunized plasma by plasmapheresis procedure and human rabies immunoglobuline. Without national production, sufficient quantities of human rabies immunoglobuline could not be provided, since the price on the world market is rather high (over $1000 per patient).

Antibodies, Viral↗

PubMed2001

[Treatment of bite wounds and cat-scratch disease].

Although rabies is the most serious consequence of animal bite injuries, in urban rabies-free countries the risk of rabies is far lower than the risk of bacterial infections of the wound. The most frequent etiologic cause of the wound infections after dog bites is Pasteurella multocida, as well as in the case of bites by cats, after which cat-scratch disease may also develop, its main cause being Bartonella henselae. All bite injuries must be carefully cleaned and disinfected; it is necessary to estimate the need of antirabies and antitetanus protection, and to introduce antibiotic treatment for prevention, particularly in the case of deep sting wounds caused mostly by cats.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

[Manifestations of visceral and ocular symptoms of toxocariasis in a 6-year-old boy].

In the past 10 years we have examined 137 cases of toxocariasis, predominantly in children. Three cases were with unilateral ocular involvement. The article reviews a 6-year-old boy with left side strabismus and granulomatous chorioretinitis. Laboratory examinations revealed blood eosinophylia 24% and IgG against Toxocara canis larvae in titer 1:320 by indirect immunofluorescent assay. In epidemiologic anamnesis we concluded that about 4, 5-year-long geophagia was the source of infection.

Child↗

PubMed1998

Immunogenicity of BHK-rabies vaccine in human volunteers.

The production of rabies vaccine on baby hamster kidney (BHK-21) cells for human use is discussed. Long term experience in application of this vaccine in animals, without any noticeable complications and findings of inactivation of contaminated DNA from the cell substrate by beta-propiolactone have justified its recommendation for human use. Preliminary results of applying this simple, adjuvant vaccine in volunteers, confirmed its good tolerability and immunogenicity.

Animals↗

PubMed1998

[Prevention of human rabies in Yugoslavia].

Over the last two decades human rabies prophylaxis in Yugoslavia was successful and not a single case of the disease was registered. However, every year there are registered cases of those injured by animals in which rabies was confirmed by laboratory evidence. In FR Yugoslavia every year 800-1000 people are vaccinated against rabies, which makes 10% of all the people injured by animals in Yugoslavia. During 1997 there were 10.266 patients injured by animals; 816 (7.95%) were vaccinated whereas 52 were injured by rabid animals or rabies-suspected animals; 662 were injured by unfamiliar or wild animals, while 102 patients were injured by familiar or preventively vaccinated animals. In other patients vaccination was avoided by a 10-day veterinarian surveillance of the dog. New literature estimated application of reduced so-called "Zagreb-2-1-1" vaccination protocol in severe injuries as unsuccessful in children because of active immune response suppression by simultaneously given immunoglobulin, and that is why this protocol must be abandoned.

Animals↗

PubMed1998

[Rabies in dogs and efficacy of active immunoprophylaxis in Yugoslavia].

In this study we analyzed 36 cases of dog rabies diagnosed at the Pasteur Institute in Novi Sad during the last 10 years as well as the quality of postvaccination immunity. Most dogs had the paralytic form, more common in sylvatic rabies than furious clinical picture. 11% of dogs were aggressive, whereas 44% had injured humans, including their owners. Postvaccination immunity was examined in a group of dogs vaccinated with three domestic and one vaccine imported from abroad. Vaccination was successful in more than 70% of dogs and it is a sufficient percentage of seroconversion in dog rabies eradication. However, in dogs vaccinated only once during lifetime, the immunity was not satisfactory. That is why in primary vaccination of dogs compulsory revaccination 30 days after the first vaccine dose is suggested.

Animals↗

PubMed1998

[Knowledge of rabies in schoolchildren].

Rabies is a zoonosis which rarely occurs in our country, mostly due to good control of this disease. In order to assess knowledge of final grade elementary schoolchildren about rabies, a poll was conducted in Novi Sad (town) and Curug (village) in 1997. Gained results show that a great number of children have household pets, much more in rural than urban areas. Although most children have knowledge about rabies prevention, knowledge of a certain number of children is not sufficient and they do not have proper hygiene habits in contact with animals. Taking into consideration the fact that dog population increases both in urban and rural areas, corresponding education of their owners, including children, is necessary. Health education is the method of choice in health protection and promotion of health, skills and behavior in regard to health and possible health risks engaged in contacts with domestic animals-household pets, whereas, apart from the family, the school must play an important role.

Animals↗

PubMed1996

[Evaluation of the Respiralex test for rapid isolation of Streptococcus pyogenes directly from throat swabs].

Results obtained by fast Respiraplex test were compared with findings of classical method of cultivation in order to assess possibilities of this test in isolation of Streptococcus pyogenes directly in the throat swab. The sensitivity of the fast test was 79.4%; specificity 100%. On the basis of gathered results, the following can be concluded: the fast test cannot completely substitute the classic method of cultivation although high specificity occurs, because of low sensitivity especially in patients with small number of colonies in the culture.

Antigens, Bacterial↗

PubMed1995

[Non-specific sacroiliitis].

We present retrospectively five cases of non-specific sacroileitis which were established and treated in Special Orthopaedic Hospital Banjica Belgrade in the period of 12 years, from 1982 to 1994. Patients have been from 17 to 27 years of age. All of them had been treated initially in other institutions under different diagnosis: specific sacroileitis, specific coxitis, specific spondylitis, abscess of gluteal region and discarthrosis and lumboishialgia. All of the patients have been treated by antibiotics, one by tuberculostatics, one surgically by drainage and one by coxofemoral spica cast. In spite of short period of follow up between 1.5 month and 2 years, we have had excellent clinical and laboratory recovery.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Clinico-epidemiologic characteristics of Lyme disease treated at the Infectious Disease in Novy Sad 1993-1998].

INTRODUCTION: Borrelia burgdorferi, the etiological agent of Lyme disease, is transmitted by the bite of Ixodes ricinus, registered in all parts of Yugoslavia. Vectors are very active in spring and early summer and the disease has a seasonal distribution. Generally speaking, there are three defined stages of the disease, but some of them can be misdiagnosed or really absent. Serological analysis of Lyme disease is very difficult to interpret, especially in later stages, so confirmation by immunoblot assays is recommended. The aim of this study was to present some epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of Lyme disease in Vojvodina in the period from 1993-1998. Throughout this period, 1.659 persons with tick bite were registered, whereas 560 with diagnosed Lyme disease have been treated at the Clinic for Infectious Diseases in Novi Sad. RESULTS: In 511 patients (91.25%) we registered the first stage of the disease, in 42 (7.50%) the second stage and in 7 (1.25%) the third stage of the disease. The mean age of patients with erythema migranes was 38.67 years, mean incubation period was 9.37 days, and tick was removed from the skin after 2.29 days on average. Most of the identified tick bites originated from suburban areas (50.29%), they predominantly occurred in May and June (63.01%), and most of the ticks were removed improperly (57.67%). Dominant clinical manifestations of the second stage were acute meningitis (9.52%), Bannwarth's syndrome (9.52%), arthralgia and arthritis (50%), skin lesions (14.28%), cardiac disorders (11.90%) and mild liver lesions (2.38%) and generalized lymphadenopathy (2.38%). Chronic neuroborreliosis (42.85%), acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans (28.57%) and chronic arthritis were dominant clinical manifestations of the third stage. Up to 81.63% of patients with late stage of disease had a history of previous tick bite. One third of patients were asymptomatic in the first stage of the disease. Improper treatment of the first stage resulted in development of late stage disease in 57.14% of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Morbidity of Lyme disease in Vojvodina is about 1.98-9.8 cases on 100.000 inhabitants, and it belongs to regions with low incidence. Majority of bites are registered during summer months arround cities. Longer persistence of vector on the skin is a risk factor for manifested diseases. Inappropriately treated or completely untreated persons have higher risk for disseminated infection. In our country, most common manifestations of the second stage are neurological and articular manifestations as in the third stage. Leading symptoms and epidemiology aren't enough for diagnosis of Lyme disease, and more specific and sensitive serologic assays are necessary.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Neurotrichinosis].

INTRODUCTION: Trichinellosis is an anthropozoonosis caused by Trichinella spiralis. Central nervous system complications can occur during the course of this disease. This paper presents a case of neurotrichinellosis, assayed by using indirect immunofluorescence test. CASE REVIEW: A patient aged 30, was admitted to the Clinic on the fifth day after onset of the disease, which was gradual, starting with flu-like symptoms. Two days before admittance, the diseased became somnolent, disconcerted and disoriented. On admission, the patient was highly febrile (39 degrees C), dehydrated, with eyelid edema. Right hemiparesis was present. The disease was confirmed by indirect immunofluorescence test, showing an increase of trichinella antibody titre (1:20, 1:160 and 1:640). The cerebrospinal fluid was cytobiochemically normal. Electroencephalographic findings exhibited a moderate cerebral dysfunction. Multifocal unspecific changes were established by magnetic tomography. The diseased was treated by mebendazole and prednisolone. The course of the disease was favourable and the patient was cured without sequelae. DISCUSSION: Recognition and diagnosis of Trichinellosis are complicated due to its polymorphid symptomatology. In the case reviewed, the disease started with clinical features of flu-like symptoms and febrile gastroenteritis. According to some authors, central nervous system manifestations occurred in 10-15% of the diseased. CONCLUSION: When examining clinically manifested encephalitis, Trichinelosis should be taken into consideration as a cause of the disease.

Adult↗