PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

V M Hey

Publications and source records attributed to V M Hey.

11 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1983

Pethidine, atropine, metoclopramide and the lower oesophageal sphincter.

The effects of an intramuscular injection of pethidine (1.5 mg/kg) plus atropine 0.5 mg, or pethidine (1.5 mg/kg) plus atropine 0.5 mg plus metoclopramide 10 mg on the lower oesophageal sphincter pressure have been studied manometrically in human volunteers. The mean barrier pressure in the former group was significantly lower than the baseline for the 75 minutes studied. In the latter group the mean barrier pressure was significantly lower than the baseline value for the first 45 minutes only of the study. The addition of atropine 0.5 mg to pethidine 1.5 mg/kg further lowers the barrier pressure when compared with the depression seen with pethidine alone in a previous study. While the addition of intramuscular metoclopramide to the mixture of pethidine and atropine fails to return the mean barrier pressure to the baseline value, it does raise the mean barrier pressure to a level which is probably above the opening pressure of the lower oesophageal sphincter.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Pethidine, metoclopramide and the gastro-oesophageal sphincter. A study in healthy volunteers.

The effects of intramuscular pethidine (1.0--3.0 mg/kg) followed by metoclopramide 10 mg intravenously, and those of a combination of pethidine 1.5 mg/kg and metoclopramide 10 mg given intramuscularly, on the lower oesophageal sphinct pressure have been studied manometrically in human volunteers. In the former group, the mean effect of all the doses of pethidine was a reduction of the lower oesophageal barrier pressure by 6.8 cmH2O from control values (p less than 0.0002), while the intravenous administration of metoclopramide resulted in a mean increase in barrier pressure of 8.75 cmH2O above the depressed level (p less than 0.0001). Following the combination of pethidine and metoclopramide given intramuscularly depression of the sphincter pressure was not totally prevented, but there was a reduction in its incidence and severity. It is suggested that pethidine is likely to increase the possibility of gastro-oesophageal reflux, and that metoclopramide is a useful adjunct in the prevention of reflux in preparation for, and after, surgery in patients who have been given pethidine for pain relief.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Metoclopramide and the gastro-oesophageal sphincter. A study in pregnant women with heartburn.

In a double-blind study the gastro-oesophageal sphincter pressure profile was measured in a group of twenty women in the last trimester of pregnancy, all of whom suffered from heartburn. The mean gastric and the maximum sphincter pressures were calculated from the pressure profile, and the difference between these two was defined as the barrier pressure. After resting sphincter measurement ten of the women were given 10 mg metocolopramide intravenously, and the other ten had a placebo intravenous injection; 15 min later the sphincter pressures were measured again. Metoclopramide significantly increased the mean maximum sphincter and barrier pressures compared to the baseline pressure, and there was no significant difference between the pre- and post-injection pressures in the placebo group. However, the raised mean maximum sphincter and barrier pressures following metoclopramide were made up of four patients having very high pressures and six patients on whom metoclopramine appeared to have little effect. The clinical usefulness of metoclopramide in women in labour is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Gastro-oesophageal reflux in pregnancy: a review article.

The author sets out a comprehensive review of gastro-oesophageal reflux in pregnancy. Comment is offered on the fairly limited means of treating this troublesome condition and some of the problems in future research are discussed.

Esophagogastric Junction↗
PubMed1977

Gastro--oesophageal reflux in late pregnancy.

Lower oesophageal sphincter pressure and fasting plasma gastrin and progesterone were measured in 31 women in the last trimester of pregnancy and in 10 healthy female control subjects. Eighteen of the pregnant women suffered from heartburn but 13 did not. All of the control subjects and 10 women from each of the two pregnant groups were tested for gastro--oesophageal reflux by direct measurement of intraluminal pH. The mean barrier pressure of the lower oesophageal sphincter was lower in both groups of pregnant women than in the controls (P less than 0-05) and the mean barrier pressure of the women with heartburn was lower than that of the pregnant women without heartburn, though this difference did not reach statistical significance. Eight of 10 of the pregnant women with heartburn had moderate or severe reflux, and3 of 10 of the pregnant women without heartburn also had moderate or severe reflux. Most women who reflux have heartburn, nevertheless, some asymptomatic women also reflux, and therefore all pregnant women must be considerered at risk from Mendelson's syndrome if subjected to a general anaesthetic for an emergency obstetric procedure.

Adolescent↗