[Effect of irradiation on the vitamin status and spermatogenesis in rats].
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
V M Kodentsova
Publications and source records attributed to V M Kodentsova.
[Vitamin status of the population from regions suffering from the accident at the Chernobyl power plant, and its correction with multivitamins "Duovit" and "Undevit" and multivitamin premix 730/4 of the firm "Roche"].
There was no differences of principle in vitamin status of population living in 'zones of strict control' (Brjanskaja, Mogilevskaja, Gomel'skaja regions) and Moscow's population. Mean indices of vitamin C, A, E, B1 and carotene status in children and adults were not differed in two groups of population. But vitamin B2 and niacin status in Moscow's adults were worse. Among children from Moscow vitamin C deficiency was found more rare and vitamin E deficiency more often than those in population from regions suffering from Chernobyl. It was established that supplement of third dishes with vitamin C is not sufficient for elimination of vitamin C deficiency. Polyvitamin pills 'Duovit' or premix 'Roche' were more effective in removal vitamin deficiency.
Adolescent↗
[Prophylactic food products in a diet of patients with diabetes++ mellitus, type II].
Usage of special prophylactic products, such as low caloric vitamins and b-carotene enriched soft drink "Gold Ball", b-carotene oileous solution and salt with low sodium content in patients with insulin independent diabetus resulted in better vitamins and b-carotene provision, decrease of the incidence of hypovitaminosis, improvement of antioxidant status, and was accompanied by the decrease of arterial blood pressure. These data allowed us to recommend wide usage of these products in the diet of patients.
Adult↗
Fluorometric riboflavin titration in plasma by riboflavin-binding apoprotein as a method for vitamin B2 status assessment.
A method for plasma riboflavin determination by riboflavin-binding apoprotein titration has been proposed for vitamin B2 status evaluation. The method is based on the formation of riboflavin-apoprotein complex accompanied by full loss of fluorescence peculiar to free riboflavin. The data obtained have demonstrated a correlation with indicators of the vitamin B2 status such as urinary excretion, erythrocyte content, and stimulation of the glutathione reductase activity by flavin adenine dinucleotide. Levels > 6 ng/ml blood plasma may be considered to be a criterion for normal vitamin B2 supply.
Adolescent↗
[The vitamin allowance of the adult population of the Russian Federation and its changes in 1983-1993. 1. Vitamins C, E, A and carotene].
The investigations carried out in 1983-1993 showed increasing of insufficiency of vitamin C and carotene in population of almost all investigated areas of Russian Federation. Insufficiency of vitamin C was found in 70-95%, pronounced deficit in 45-70% of adults. Deficiency of carotene was was detected in 30-90% of adults. Insufficiency of these nutrients is unfavourable long condition detected not only during spring but also in summer in different occupational groups of population. Vitamins A and E nutritional status of different groups of population are good enough in all seasons.
Adolescent↗
[The vitamin provision of the adult population of the Russian Federation and changes during 1983-1993. II. Vitamin B complex].
The present paper is a continuation of the previous communication ("Problems of Nutrition" No4/95). The paper contains the generalized analysis of the data obtained by the laboratory of vitamin and mineral metabolism of the Institute of Nutrition during investigation of vitamin B1, B2, B6, B12 and folic acid provision of adult able to work population (men and women) of different regions of Russian Federation (Moscow, Ekaterinburg, Orenburg, Kusnetzk Basin, West and East Siberia, Far East, Bashkyria, Mary-El) from 1983 till 1993.
Adult↗
[Comparative biochemical evaluation of riboflavin body status].
The correlation's between the parameters used as biochemical criteria of vitamin B2 provision were studied in rats fed with riboflavin-enriched diets. Based on riboflavin-binding apoprotein, highly specific assays of riboflavin in tissues, blood and urine revealed close correlation between levels of the vitamin in plasma, red cells, the activity of erythrocytic glutathione reductase, PAD-effect, B2 diet intake, its content in the liver as well as between any of the above parameters in couple. This supports adequacy and interchangeability of the parameters studied which makes it possible to use any of them for detecting vitamin B2 deficiency and relevant vitamin status of the body.
Animals↗
[The use of preparations of methazid combined with riboflavin and pyridoxine for the correction of methazid-induced metabolic disorders of the B-group vitamins in rats].
It was established that 10-day administration of suppository methazide (20 mg per 100 g b. w.) induces B2 vitamin deficiency indicated by relevant hepatic and plasmic values. In vitamin B2 deficiency methazide-induced changes in vitamin B6 metabolism are less marked in rats provided with riboflavin. Use of suppository methazide in combination with riboflavin (100 micrograms per animal which is a recommended daily dose) prevents B2 deficiency. It is recommended daily use combinations of methazide with riboflavin or piridoxin in essential daily consumption doses to treat patients with alimentary vitamin B2 and B6 deficiencies. This will not only prevent side effects of methazide, but also help to overcome deficiency of the above vitamins.
Animals↗
[The effect of supplying rats with vitamin K and administration of pelentane on Na,K- and spectrin-dependent ATPase in erythrocyte ghosts].
It was found that the activity of spectrin-dependent ATPase of erythrocyte ghosts isolated from rats with alimentary deficiency of vitamin K was significantly increased as compared with control animals, whereas in rats kept on a vicasol-rich diet this parameter was unchanged. In vitamin K-deficient rats the amount of proteins loosely bound to erythrocyte membranes was significantly reduced. At the same time, the activity of the integral enzyme (Na, K-ATPase) did not depend on the vitamin K provision despite the fact that in vitamin K-deficient animals kept on a vicasol-rich diet the enzyme affinity for ouabain was strongly decreased as compared with control. It was suggested that this effect might be due to the changes in the lipid and protein environment of the membrane-bound enzyme. Administration of the antivitamin K, pelentane, did not induce any conspicuous changes in the enzyme activities. It was concluded that antivitamin K does not induce any modification of the properties of erythrocyte-linked enzymes observed under conditions of vitamin K deficiency.
Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
[Effect of ascorbic acid on 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 metabolism in the kidneys and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 reception in the small intestine mucosa of guinea pigs].
Ascorbic acid deficiency in vitamin D-supplied guinea pigs caused a moderate decrease of Ca in the blood and osseous tissue, a 1.5-fold decrease of 2.5-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OH D) in blood serum, a 2-fold decrease of the 25-OH D 1-hydroxylase activity in kidneys and a 1.6-fold increase of the 24-hydroxylase activity. The concentration of 1.25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1.25-(OH)2D3) nuclear receptors in small intestinal mucosa diminished by 20-30%; in this case the percentage of occupied hormone receptors reduced from 11.8 to 8.6%. The affinity of receptors for 1.25-(OH)2D3 did not change thereby (Kd = 0.25-0.26 nM; Kd2 = 0.06-0.10 nM). At the same time the value of cooperativity coefficient showed a decrease-from 1.7 to 1.4, which was accompanied by a reduction of the maximum capacity of receptors (1.2-1.5-fold). Vitamin C depletion augmented the manifestation of vitamin D deficiency in guinea pigs and impeded their correction after administration of cholecalciferol. This markedly retarded the restoration of the 25-OH D level in the blood as well as the number of occupied and unoccupied nuclear receptors for 1.25-(OH)2D3. The experimental results illustrate the effects of ascorbic acid on the vitamin D hormonal system function, which is manifested both at the level of 1.25-(OH)2D3 synthesis in the kidneys and of its receptor binding in target tissues.
Animals↗
[Dialdehyde derivatives of purine mononucleotides: substrate properties and affinity modification of myosin ATPase].
It was demonstrated that the dialdehyde derivative of ATP is a good substrate for Ca-ATPase of heavy meromyosin (Km = (1.2-1.4) X 10(-4) M; V = VATP). At the same time, this compound can induce irreversible inhibition of the enzyme. Since oxo-ATP is rapidly hydrolyzed by myosin to form oxo-ADP, this inhibition is the result of the enzyme interaction with oxo-ADP. It was found that the kinetics of heavy meromyosin inhibition by oxo-ADP are typical of affinity modification; in this case ATP fully protects heavy meromyosin from the activity loss. Similar results on the irreversible inhibition of the ATPase activity under the action of oxo-ADP were obtained in the presence of myosin, heavy meromyosin, subfragment I and natural actomyosin and in the absence of bivalent cations, thus suggesting the modification of the active center of myosin ATPase.
Adenosine Diphosphate↗
Investigation of myosin substrate-binding site using phosphorylating analogs of the substrate.
Affinity modification of HMM has been performed, using mixed anhydrides of AMP, epsilon AMP, ADP or IMP and sterically hindered aromatic carbonic acids. The affinity labelling site of HMM was demonstrated to be highly specific towards the adenosine fragment of the affinity analog. The number of phosphate groups and the hydrophobicity of the aromatic acid substitutents did not influence the mode of the analogs interaction with HMM. The data obtained confirms our previous suggestion that the nucleotide analogs in question modify the substrate binding site which is other than the active site of the enzyme.
Adenine Nucleotides↗
[Role of cations in the occurrence of differences in the myosin hydrolysis of ATP and ITP].
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Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
[Affinity modification of heavy meromyosin and subfragment 1 by mixed anhydrides of [14C] AMP, epsilon AMP and mesitylene carboxylic acid].
Using mixed anhydride of AMP and mesitylene carboxylic acid carrying a fluorescent or radioactive label, it was found that the previously established irreversible inhibition of myosin ATPase is a result of protein covalent binding to the nucleotide residue of the inhibitor. The stoichiometry of the affinity labelling of heavy meromyosin is 1 mole of nucleotide residue of mixed anhydride per 1 mole of protein, that of subfragment 1-0.5 mole per 1 mole of protein. The lack of irreversible inhibition of the ATPase activity of subfragment 1 is suggestive of an existence of a regulatory substrate-binding site in the myosin molecule.
Adenosine Monophosphate↗
[Kinetics of the interaction of a phosphorylating substrate analog with the Ca-ATPase of myosin and heavy meromyosin].
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Adenosine Monophosphate↗
[Characterization of two types of binding sites of substrate-like inhibitors in the heavy meromyosin molecule].
The effects of several phosphorylating and alkylating analogs of the substrate on the ATPase activity of myosin and heavy meromyosin were compared. The data obtained confirmed the previously made assumption on the existence of two types of substrate-like inhibitor binding sites in the enzyme molecule. In one of the sites, presumably in the active one, there occurs a reversible competitive inhibition characterized by a high affinity for the inhibitors, which are mixed anhydrides of various mononucleotides and mesitylcarboxylic acid or its derivatives. An enhancement of hydrophobicity of these compounds causes an increase in their affinity for this site. At much higher concentrations of the inhibitors an irreversible inhibition takes place, the rate of inhibition being decreased with an increase in the phosphorylating capacity of the compound. This site possesses a far lower affinity for the inhibitors and reveals a certain specificity with respect to the analog mononucleotide moiety structure, i.e. a replacement of the 6-NH2-group by the 6-OH-group or an increase in the number of the phosphate residues result in a decrease of the efficiency of inhibition. No correlation between the analog capacity to cause irreversible inhibition and to act as an effective competitive inhibitor of reversible type has been shown to exist, thus allowing to use inhibitors of preferable action in one of the two types of the binding sites. No irreversible inhibition site was revealed when the ATPase activity of myosin subfragment I with and without the DTNB chains was investigated. Actin protects myosin against the inhibiting action of the analogs tested.
Adenosine Triphosphatases↗
[The effect of ftalazol on the body allowance in rats of B-group vitamins].
A certain decrease in the content of riboflavin in blood plasma and liver and its excretion in the urine were encountered 24-h after administration of phthalazol, according to the schedule of acute dysentery treatment, in rats with initial moderate deficiency in vitamins B1 and B2. The provision with vitamin B1 did not change in this case. The introduction of phthalazol was attended with a noticeable decrease in the excretion of pyridoxic acid but did not affect the B6 content in the liver and blood serum of the animals.
Animals↗
[Metabolism of vitamins B1 and B2 during phenylketonuria].
Vitamin level in blood plasma and erythrocytes and a rate of urinary excretion of vitamin metabolites were analysed in children suffering from phenylketonuria. It has been shown that vitamin B1 metabolism and therefore the criteria of the adequate sufficiency with this vitamin does not differ from those for healthy people. Increased riboflavin urinary excretion under its decreased plasma and erythrocyte levels has been demonstrated for PKU children. In consequence of this the indexes of sufficiency significantly differ from those of the healthy adequately supplied with this vitamin children and are equal to 4 ng of riboflavin per 1 ml of blood plasma and its urinary excretion more than 50 mg/h. The necessity for the redetermination of vitamin B2 diet optimal content under this disease and its biochemical validation are discussed.
Child↗