Optical sensors in medicine. Joint meeting of MSSIG (The Diagnostics Club) and OSCA, UMIST, 22nd June 1994.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to V M Owen.
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The Advanced Sensors Technology Transfer Programme (ASTTP) of the Department of Trade and Industry, stimulates and encourages the commercial exploitation of new sensor technology by UK industry. This review is based on the findings of a Study, sponsored under this programme, into the Market Requirements and Opportunities for Advanced Sensors in the Healthcare Industry.
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This review covers biosensors based on piezoelectric crystals, optical systems, field effect transistors and thermistors. Piezoelectric crystal or microgravimetric biosensors have been used for immunoassay. Optical biosensors are described in which waveguides are used to transmit changes in optical characteristics or, in an innovative mode, the evanescent wave component of a completely internally-reflected light beam is used to study optical changes. Optical biosensors have been used in immuno and in enzyme-based assays. Field effect transistors detect changes in ion concentrations and have been applied to the detection of biochemical reactions which involve a change in concentration of a specific ion. Thermistors are used to monitor the heat produced as the result of an exothermic enzymatic reaction and this has been applied to the assay of compounds or enzymes of interest. Biosensors may find a role in clinical biochemistry in low volume testing, patient self-testing and in vivo monitoring.
1. A procedure for the assay of triglycerides on the ABA-50 is described. 2. The Boehringer Mannheim Triglyceride (Fully Enzymatic method) reagent kit has been evaluated with this method and was found to be satisfactory.
1. A fast, simple, accurate method for the assay of triglycerides on the ABA-100 is described. 2. The Abbott A-Gent Triglyceride kit, Calbiochem Triglyceride Stat-Pack reagent and the Smith Kline French Eskalab Triglyceride reagent were evaluated for use with this method. The reagents were all found to be satisfactory, but the Abbott A-Gent Triglyceride kit was found to be less stable than the other reagents.
In a study of chronic epileptics in a residential centre we recorded a 56% incidence of Dupuytren's disease. The lesions were usually bilateral and symmetrical and frequently associated with knuckle pads and plantar nodules. There was no direct relationship between Dupuytren's disease and frozen shoulder. Dupuytren's disease was seen equally in those with idiopathic or symptomatic epilepsy. The incidence increased with the duration of epilepsy and is probably a sequel to long-term administration of phenobarbitone. Reasons are given for presuming that the association between Dupuytren's disease and antiepileptic therapy is mediated through the peripheral stimulation of tissue growth factors and not through the central release of growth hormone or through alterations in liver metabolism.
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Initiatives are underway to increase links between researchers and inventors working in the diagnostics sector and companies ready to commercialize the new technologies. This article describes the formation and aims of two groups working in this area, and reports on a review that has been made of the market requirements and opportunities for advanced sensors in the health care sector. The medical sensors market is predicted to expand during the next few years and the best opportunities for their development are outlined.