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Biomedical subjects

V M Ponomarenko

Publications and source records attributed to V M Ponomarenko.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

[An epidemiological analysis of the health status of the participants in the cleanup of the aftermath of the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station].

A comparative analysis has been carried out of indices for health status in 137,072 persons who took part in the elimination of the aftermath of the Chernobyl accident, using records of the National Register of Ukraine. The above-mentioned indices were for time-related general morbidity, mortality, disability during the period of 1988-1996. There has been revealed yearly increase in morbidity rates in all classes of diseases, in particular those of the circulatory system, nervous system, and sense organs, digestive, and respiratory systems. High morbidity rates are recordable with respect to that class of diseases afflicting the endocrine system, blood, and hemopoietic organs, neoplasms including malignant tumours. The disability rates tended to increase above average statistical ones for Ukraine.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Health telematics in Ukraine: problems and prospects.

The state of medical telecommunication networks in Ukraine is described. The concepts of creating and architecture of the National Direct Access Computer Network 'UkrMedNet' are given.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1996

[The megakaryocyte-thrombocyte system].

The megakaryocytic apparatus of bone marrow and platelets are discussed as a common system whose physiological purpose is to ensure hemostasis when the integrity of the vascular wall is impaired. The principle of operation of the megakaryocyte-platelet system is synthesis, accumulation, and organization of a potent hemostatic potential, its distribution and dispersal along the vascular bed, if inactive, and its new formation at the moment of and at the site of required hemostasis. At the same time in its early and late major functional performance, the elements of the system are stable-at the early stages of megakaryocytopoiesis to the extent to the appearance of a promegakaryocyte and at the stage of platelet hemostatic cork. At the intermediate stages-that of the mature megakaryocyte divided by demarcation membranes and that of reversible aggregation of platelets which have not lost their individuality, the elements of the system are in an unstable state that is ready for disintegration or in a state that does not exclude its possibilities. In the central phase of its existence, the system is in a disintegrated state and appears as proplatelets and platelets. The mechanism of the dispersal and combination of elements and hemostatic potential of the megakaryocyte platelet system serves the apparatus of structural and contractile proteins, which acts as its system-forming factor.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1995

[Morphologic features of bone marrow in myelodysplastic states].

The results of histological and ultrastructural studies of bone marrow hemopoietic microenvironment carried out in 27 patients with different myelodisplasias are presented. The following morphological peculiarities of bone marrow stromal tissue have been identified: abnormal localisation of immature hemopoietic cells, reticuline fibrosis, disorganized erythroid islands, and intranuclear virus-like pathologic inclusions in all stromal cells. The structure of nucleoli in endosteal and perivascular cells was changed. It was shown that morphofunctional changes in hemopoietic environment may lead to hemopoietic disorders.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed1993

[New ultrastructural characteristics of the bone marrow stromal cells in patients with aplastic anemia].

Unlike hemopoietic cell, stromal cells of aplastic anemia patients' bone marrow undergo pathological shifts. This has been proved by ultrastructural investigations which showed intranuclear inclusions structurally similar to virus bodies. The latter are divided into three types this allowing follow-up of the inclusions to mature forms seen in the stromal cells cytoplasm. The findings suggest primary viral affection of stromal cellular elements of aplastic anemia patients' bone marrow. The attention is also drawn to ultrastructural shifts recorded in adipose cells in aplastic anemia.

Adipocytes↗
PubMed1993

[Enhanced osteogenesis in severe aplastic anemia].

Histologic specimens of the bone marrow were obtained from healthy subjects and aplastic anemia (AA) ones. Comparison of the histomorphometry was indicative of an increase in spongy bone tissue and in the number of osteoid cells in AA. This indirectly suggested enhanced proliferative activity of osteogenic precursors and osteosynthesis in AA. Interrelationship is probable between osteogenesis and hemopoiesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Iridodiagnosis in the system of the follow-up of the health status of the population living in an area contaminated by radioactive substances].

The authors substantiate the practical employment of the iridodiagnosis screening-test using a system of archiving and visualization of the iris at the first stage of prophylactic medical examination and management. The economical and medical efficacy of the method has been established. Use of iridodiagnosis improved the detectability of pathologic conditions as compared with complex medical examination. Many specialists were freed from mass medical screening. The expenses for prophylactic medical examination became ten times less.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[The function of the hypophyseal-thyroid system in the children of Zhitomir Province living in areas polluted by the radionuclides resulting from the accident at the Chernobyl Atomic Electric Power Station].

A study of 1167 children (age: 7-15 years) inhabiting districts contaminated with radionuclide due to Chernobyl atomic station accident indicates that children with thyroid hyperplasia revealed high requirement and intensity of the peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones that results finally in relative hormonal deficit (subclinical hypothyroidism) and thyroid hyperplasia. This is a sequel of maximum functional tension of the thyroid with impending breakdown of adaptation and this should be considered as a pathological process requiring correction, i.e. presence of subclinical hypothyroidism in children with thyroid hyperplasia requires substitution therapy with thyroid hormones.

Accidents↗
PubMed1991

[Methods of isolating intact thrombocytes from blood].

A combined method of platelet isolation in albumin density gradient followed by gel filtration through a column packed with Sepharose 2B appears to be the best for the isolation of intact platelets free from plasma proteins, fit for research purposes; for clinical studies a more available technique for intact platelet isolation in albumin density gradient is recommended.

Centrifugation, Density Gradient↗
PubMed1991

[Experience in the reduction of the primary disability level].

Measures are designed which are undertaken to form a commission of health occupational experts (CHOE) at local and regional levels in connection with entitlement to disability among workers. Organizational issues are described on early identification and adequate treatment of diseases frequently leading to disability, on promoting motivation of health workers in the reduction of disability among workers, raising the quality of medical-labour examination, information supply of physicians and public health administrators of these problems. A recommendation is made of the necessity to place commissions and institutes of health occupational experts under the authority of ministries of public health of the USSR and union republics. Advisability of including the section devoted to disability issues into the progress report of curative and preventive institutions is emphasized.

Disability Evaluation↗
PubMed1991

[Ultrastructural organization of the hematopoietic microenvironment of human bone marrow].

The results have been presented of electron-microscopic and ultracytochemical investigations of sinusoidal vessels, fat, reticular and endosteal cells of the bone marrow from the iliac bone fragments of 30 normal subjects. Close morphological and functional relationships have been established between the structures of the hemopoietic microenvironment and hemopoietic cells, and the role of certain stromal elements in the maintenance of the hemopoietic function has been specified.

Bone Marrow Cells↗
PubMed1990

[Ultrastructural organization and argentophilic areas of the lymphoblastic nucleoli in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia].

The ultrastructural organization and the state of silver-staining nucleoli (Ag-NOR) of peripheral blood and bone marrow lymphoblasts of 10 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were studied in the complex with the biochemical assay of the ribosomal levels in the cellular cytoplasm of these patients. In the majority of the patients investigated the morphological picture of the nucleolus and the character of Ag-NOR have evidenced the high functional activity of pRNA-synthesizing apparatus and correlated with the high ribosomal level in the cytoplasm of the cells studied. Significant accumulation of granular components (RNP-particles) in the nucleoli of the lymphoblasts, reflecting disorders in their transport from nucleus to cytoplasm, were detected only in 2 patients.

Cell Nucleolus↗
PubMed1990

[Various morphofunctional characteristics of hematopoietic tissue in preleukemic conditions].

Cultural, ultrastructural, cytochemical and histological investigations of bone marrow tissue were conducted in 26 patients with varying types of preleukemia states. A number of early structural, morphological and functional signs of hemopoietic disorders of different character and manifestation degree have been revealed. Particularly, a relationship has been established between the pathologic changes appearing in the bone marrow stroma and disorders in the morphological and functional state of the hemopoietic cells.

Anemia, Refractory↗