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V M Rosenoer

Publications and source records attributed to V M Rosenoer.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1985

Energy intake can determine albumin synthesis in man after surgery.

Albumin synthesis rate, nitrogen balance, plasma hormone levels, and selected substrates were measured after operation in 12 patients who underwent colonic operations who were randomized to receive an intravenous fluid regimen that contained either 3.5% amino acids with 20% fat and 2.5% glucose or 3.5% amino acids with 20% fat alone. The albumin synthesis rate was higher in patients who received the first of these intravenous mixtures (357 +/- 34 mg/kg/day versus 216 +/- 22 mg/kg/day; p less than 0.01), but they also had a significantly higher intake of calories (10.2 +/- 1.1 calorie/kg/day versus 6.4 +/- 0.6 calorie/kg/day; p = 0.01). The mean albumin synthesis rate in the group who received amino acids with glucose and fat is the highest we have measured in our series of studies. Although a previous trial in a similar group of patients suggested that glucose acts on albumin synthesis by diverting uptake of amino acids into skeletal muscle, it is possible that the impressive increase in the albumin synthesis rate in patients of the present series who received supplementary glucose is related to the extra energy infused. In contrast, nitrogen balance was similar in both groups, and thus was not predictive of protein synthesis. In addition, myofibrillar protein degradation appears to be equivalent in the two groups, as indicated by 3-methylhistidine output. Plasma albumin synthesis thus may be sensitive, especially to energy intake.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1981

Effect of isocaloric fat or glucose on albumin synthesis and nitrogen balance in patients receiving amino acid infusion.

Twelve patients who had undergone colon operations were randomized prospectively in the postoperative recovery room. Seven received a hypocaloric intravenous solution consisting of 3.5% amino acids plus 2.5% glucose and five received 3.5% amino acids plus 10% fat. Nitrogen balance data indicated that isocaloric amounts of glucose and fat seem equally effective when combined with amino acids. Although the albumin synthesis rates (measured by the 14C technique on the fourth postoperative day) were not significantly different between the two groups, when the results were included with pooled data from previous similar studies, there was a statistically significant difference which indicated a higher rate of albumin synthesis in patients who received the combination of amino acids and fat compared with those who received amino acids and glucose P < 0.05). In this clinical setting, fat may favor the uptake and synthesis of amino acids into visceral proteins, while glucose may have a more direct role in the synthesis of skeletal muscle protein.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Albumin synthesis and nitrogen balance in postoperative patients.

In a continuing prospective randomized study in a series of patients in the postoperative state, the rate of albumin synthesis was measured using the 14C carbonate technique. The majority of the patients studied were subjected to partial or total colectomy, and each patient was randomized to receive a hypocaloric intravenous regimen consisting of 3.5% amino acids (essential and nonessential) or 3.5% amino acids with 2.5% glucose. A mean (+/- SEM) of 75.7 +/- 2.7 gm/day of amino acids was given to the seven patients in the amino acid group. A mean of 74.0 +/- 5.9 gm/day of amino acids and 52.8 +/- 4.2 gm/day of glucose was infused in the group of five patients given amino acids with glucose. The albumin synthetic rate (mg/kg/day) measured on the fourth day after operation in the amino acid alone group was 233.9 +/- 27.9 as compared to 204.1 +/- 24.4 in the group given amino acids with glucose (P = NS). The urea synthesis rates (mg/kg/day) in the two groups were 334.2 +/- 47.8 and 250.3 +/- 27.5, respectively, and the net Kjeldahl nitrogen balances (grams per day) were -4.98 +/- 1.92 and -2.68 +/- 1.49, respectively. We conclude that infused amino acids promote the synthesis of albumin equally effectively in the presence or absence of a small amount of added glucose. Glucose may reduce slightly the pool of amino nitrogen available for albumin and urea synthesis by diverting some of the infused amino acids from protein synthesis by the liver to muscle.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Improved albumin synthesis in postoperative patients by amino acid infusion.

To determine whether intravenous 3.5 per cent amino acid solution enhanced the rate of albumin synthesis in postoperative patients, we measured the albumin synthesis rate by the (14C) carbonate technic in 10 patients on the fourth day after elective gastrointestinal-tract operations. Five patients were randomized to receive a 3.5 per cent solution of essential and non-essential amino acids, and five to receive 5 per cent glucose. A mean (+/-S.E.M.) of 75.0+/-2.0 per day of amino acids or 111.0+/-12.4 glucose was given. In the amino acid group the mean (+/-S.E.M.) albumin synthesis rate was 237+/-24 mg per kilogram per day, in comparison to 157+/-23 in the glucose group (P less than 0.05). The infused amino acids were apparently more effective than plain glucose in promoting albumin synthesis.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Glutamate dehydrogenase, alanine aminotransferase, thymidine kinase, and arginase in fetal and adult human and rat liver.

In fetal livers of both man and rat thymidine kinase activity was 12 times higher than in the adult, glutamate dehydrogenase and arginase were present at 20-50% of their adult values, whereas alanine aminotransferase activity was only an insignificant fraction of that in the adult. Although the developmental changes for the four enzymes were quantitatively similar in both species, qualitatively there were some significant differences. In adult human liver, glutamate dehydrogenase activity was distributed almost equally between the cytosol and particles; the concentration of only the soluble enzyme increased after birth. In rat liver, glutamate dehydrogenase remained exclusively a particulate enzyme. The soluble hepatic alanine aminotransferase activity rose in both species after birth (from less than 2 U/g to 41-57 U/g, respectively). Thymidine kinase was wholly soluble in the fetal livers; only in adult human liver was additional activity (at least 50% of the total) found in the particles. Arginase isozymes, identical and apparently the same single isozyme in fetal and adult rat liver, show an ontogenetic change in man. A shift from a single form, common to human fetal liver and fetal kidney, to at least two variants in adult human liver, indicates another complexity of the fully differentiated liver in man.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Growth kinetics of solid tumors. Implications for chemotherapy.

More precise definition of the cytokinetic parameters of human tumor growth will clearly help both in predicting the outcome of disease in individual patients and in planning the dosage schedules of single chemotherapeutic agents and combinations of agents to achieve optimal results.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1971

Copper kinetics in liver disease.

The plasma clearance and the liver uptake of intravenously administered (64)Cu were significantly impaired in four patients with Wilson's disease. These defects were unlikely to be simply expressions of the high liver copper concentration as the plasma clearance and hepatic uptake of (64)Cu were normal in four patients with primary biliary cirrhosis, in whom the liver copper concentration was raised to a degree comparable to that in Wilson's disease. The normal liver uptake and plasma clearance of (64)Cu in three patients with other forms of hepatocellular disease suggest that impaired liver cell function does not have a significant effect. The precise nature of the defect in copper transport in Wilson's disease remains to be elucidated; it is possible that delayed uptake of copper by the hepatic lysosomes may account for the toxic effects of the metal.

Adult↗