Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to V M Usov.
Controlled normobaric interval hypoxytherapy and impulse low-intensity magnetic field application were proved to be the most promising methods that increase nonspecific resistance. Technical means to use those methods are specified.
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A review of issues of application of IBM-compatible PC and information systems of medical appointment for decision-making on professional reliability of military specialists with a base of set of objective criteria of various functional systems in human organisms, in particular, for standardization of adequate loading on servicemen during their combat training. Principles of expert evaluations of determination of functional resources of servicemen in situations of high intensity and psychophysiological tension of work.
Topical directions of developing the medical expert systems (MES) are considered. The problems to be solved by using programming and informational means as part of MES are discussed. A classification of the knowledge of expert physicians who directly deal with decision making is proposed. The characteristics of the developed MES well appreciated by the results of their operation are given. They show new trends associated with the update of medical knowledge and the developmental level of information technologies.
The authors discuss a problem of expert PC systems helpful in evaluation of lower performance of operators exposed to extreme factors of the environment. Those extreme factors are exemplified by increased G-factor during maneuver flights. Some empirical principles obtained by means of trials on the real and half-real testing units helped to design mathematic tools to evaluate risk of pilots' subconsciousness episodes, so a criterion scale of the subconsciousness risk is suggested. Particular values of the risk level are associated with operative and long-standing recommendations to make the risk lower. The materials and data used are examples of linguistic variables and fuzzy-set theory, applied to unfavorable outcomes in occupational risk.
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The paper presents the system concept of individual health in the context of practical medicine, which includes the definition of this widely use, the system forming of its understanding in the physician-patient system, the phasic pattern of individual health as transient prenosological and postnosological entities, the traditional quantitatively diagnostic and integrally quantitative principles in the evaluation of the level of individual health. By using these principles and taking into account specialization in the state public health care, the authors provide evidence for that it is expedient to identify the mental, physical, physiological, biochemical, clinical, and somatic status of a patient. The phasic pattern of individual health substantiates the concept of prenosological staging of the development of chronic diseases of specific and nonspecific genesis and the expediency of identifying primary and secondary chronic diseases of any etiology. In the authors' opinion, it is expedient to consider prenosological diagnosis, its categorical and terminological aspects, differential diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and rehabilitation of patients with prenosological conditions to be the general trend of scientific-and-practical developments in the area of individual health. Methodologically, it is necessary to use of the entire store of methods of integrative and occupational medicine, particularly in the field of etiological diagnosis by risk and anti-risk factors, of those of functional diagnosis using exercise tests and of clinical diagnosis of prenosological entities.
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