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Biomedical subjects

V Mandelli

Publications and source records attributed to V Mandelli.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Influence of familial hypertension of the donor on the blood pressure and antihypertensive therapy of kidney graft recipients.

The possibility that some hereditary factors favoring the development of 'essential' hypertension in man may act through modification of kidney function was evaluated in a retrospective study of 36 renal transplant recipients followed for 1 year. The patients were divided into two groups of 18 subjects each, matched for age, sex, body surface area, familial hypertension, duration of hemodialysis before transplantation and original kidney disease. In the first group, at least one of the donor's parents was hypertensive and in the second group all the members of the donor's family were normotensive. Plasma creatinine, daily dose of prednisone, number of rejection episodes and blood pressure were almost the same in both groups, but the requirement for antihypertensive therapy was significantly greater in the first group during the first 4 months after transplantation (p less than 0.05). Therefore, it seems reasonable to consider that there is some influence of familial existence of hypertension on the renal pressure regulatory mechanisms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

beta-Adrenoceptor activation induces prostaglandin E2 generation in guinea-pig trachea.

Isoproterenol and salbutamol caused relaxation of guinea-pig trachea, and generation of PGE2. The phenomenon appears to be specific for beta-adrenergic agonists since the relaxant activity induced by atropine, theophylline and papaverine was not associated with generation of prostaglandin-like material from tracheal smooth muscles. Indomethacin reduced only slightly the relaxation of the tracheal tissue induced by isoproterenol and salbutamol. The possibility is discussed that the increased arachidonic acid metabolism during trachea beta-adrenergic relaxation represents a metabolic event involving phospholipid methylation and membrane fluidity.

Albuterol↗
PubMed1981

Double-blind cross-over investigation of the effectiveness and safety of two doses of indoprofen compared with an ASA preparation and placebo in patients suffering from osteoarthritis.

Eighty patients suffering from osteoarthritis of the large joints were admitted to the study and randomly allocated to a 4-treatment sequence, according to a multiple replication of a 4 x 4 Latin square design, with proper balancing of treatments, of periods and of the residual effects of drugs. Each treatment (indoprofen 300 or 600 mg/day, ASA 1500 + diazepam 6 mg/day, and matching placebo) was administered for 7 days. Examinations were carried out on admission, after a 3-4 day wash-out period, and then repeated at the end of each treatment period. Treatment with active drugs was significantly better than placebo in relieving overall pain, and in patient's and investigator's opinion on effectiveness. Treatment with indoprofen, at both dosages, was preferred more frequently than others. The incidence of adverse events during each period did not seem to depend either on the treatment being given during that period or on the previous one.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Bronchoconstriction by histamine and bradykinin in guinea pigs: relationship to thromboxane A2 generation and the effect of aspirin.

Histamine 2.5, 5, 10 or 20 microgram/kg i.v. induce a pronounced bronchospasm in guinea-pigs, accompanied by a dose-related increase of TXA2 in arterial blood, as revealed by contraction of rabbit isolated aorta and by radioimmunoassay. Aspirin 10 mg/kg prevented formation of TXA2-like material without significantly modifying the severity of the bronchospasm. Bradykinin 0.5, 1 or 2 microgram/kg i.v. acted similarly, except that pretreatment with aspirin blocked both the increased airway resistance and release of TXA2. Aspirin also blocked the increase in blood pressure and heart rate caused by histamine or bradykinin.

Acetylcholine↗
PubMed1980

Inhibition of lipolysis by nicotinic acid and by acipimox.

Acipimox (5-methylpyrazinecarboxylic acid 4-oxide) is a new lipolysis inhibitor that has a distant chemical relationship with nicotinic acid (NA). The tritiated compound (100 mg) is rapidly absorbed, peak plasma radioactivity being reached after 2 hr, with an almost total elimination unchanged in urine. A comparison of th antilipolytic activity of three doses of acipimox and three doses of NA showed acipimox to be 20 times as potent as NA. There was a correlation between intensity and duration of effect for acipimox, but not for NA. Plasma acipimox levels correlated with inhibition of lipolysis. In consideration of the very good subjective tolerability of acipimox at all doses tested, this drug may be suitable for control of lipolysis in hyperlipidemias.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Response of pathological ischaemic muscle pain to analgesics.

1 Twenty-four patients suffering from severe pain due to chronic occlusive arterial disease of the legs were given oral doses of indoprofen (200 mg), ibuprofen (300 mg) and placebo. 2 Differences in pain intensity scored on a five-point scale were taken as measurement of pain relief. 3 This double-blind, cross-over trial showed that indoprofen had significantly greater analgesic effect than placebo and reference drug. 4 From a methodological point of view there are many arguments on favour of pathological ischaemic pain as a test for clinical assessment of analgesics.

Aged↗
PubMed1980

Ventilatory and pressor response to isometric exercise in normal subjects.

We studied in 8 young, healthy males, the behaviour of heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure at the upper (SBPUL) and lower (SBPLL) resting limbs, pulmonary ventilation (VE), oxygen uptake (VO2) and production of CO2 (VCO2) during and after two levels of isometric effort (handgrip at 50 and 100% maximum voluntary contraction; MVC). HR, SBPLL, VE, VO2, and VCO2 did not vary between the two efforts, but SBPUL is significantly different between them. The possible mechanism and predominant role of nervous reflexes upon the pressor and ventilatory response to isometric exercise are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Effect of indoprofen on prostaglandin and thromboxane A2 synthesis in the guinea pig lung.

Indoprofen has been studied in vitro as a possible selective inhibitor of thromboxane-synthetase in guinea pig lungs perfused with arachidonic acid. Indoprofen does not show selectivity of action since KB values for prostaglandin and TXA2 synthesis are not significantly different. Indoprofen might therefore act at the cyclooxygenase level as has already been demonstrated for indomethacin.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Indoprofen versus ibuprofen in osteoarthrosis: a short-term, double-blind, crossover trial.

A double-blind, crossover, short-term clinical trial was carried out in osteoarthrosis to compare the activity of two non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Twenty-four patients were given orally, in sequence, 600 mg indoprofen daily and 1200 mg ibuprofen daily, or vice-versa, for 1 week with no interval between treatment periods. Pain, quality of sleep, and overall effectiveness were recorded at the end of each week by inviting patients to express a score on a simple rating scale. Finally, patients were asked to express a preference for one treatment or the other. Significant improvement was observed in all parameters following treatment with both drugs. The distribution of score differences between indoprofen and ibuprofen was in favour of the former in all measurements; statistical analysis, however, demonstrated a significant superiority of indoprofen only for pain elicited by passive motion. The patients' preferences were also in favour of indoprofen, though not attaining statistical significance. Indoprofen was well tolerated, and no side-effects were observed. While on treatment with ibuprofen, 1 patient had to be withdrawn from the study because of gastric intolerance and 2 further patients had transient skin rashes.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

Indoprofen, a new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, in the treatment of osteoarthrosis: report on a multi-centre study in 1629 patients.

A multi-centre trial was carried out in 1629 patients with osteoarthrosis in 233 clinical centres to investigate the therapeutic efficacy and tolerability of indoprofen in this clinical condition. The results from assessments of both subjective and objective variables were comparable to those obtained in Phase 3 studies. Moreover, 87.2% of patients expressed a 'good' or 'very good' opinion on the product's efficacy after treatment, usually with 3 tablets (600 mg) daily for 4 weeks. The benefit/risk relationship was confirmed as very favourable on account of the marked activity of the drug and the acceptable frequency of adverse reactions, which were mainly subjective and slight and confined to the gastro-intestinal tract.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Predictability of electrocardiographic and vectorcardiographic criteria in pulmonary arterial hypertension caused by chronic bronchopneumopathies].

The Authors have verified in a group of 38 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and suspected pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) of precapillary origin the possibility to forsee the pressure within the lesser circulation starting from some electrocardiographic and vectorcardiograhic criteria. The vectorcardiographic analysis has not been shown to be more reliable than the traditional ECG as far as the identification of an eventual PAH is concerned. The matching of both scalar and vectorial criteria has significantly increased the efficiency of the estimate, i.e. the possibility to foresee the right ventricular systolic pressure (RVSP) and the mean pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP), but the same efficiency has remained at unsatisfactory level (S = +/- 10,30 Torr as far as the PAP is concerned. With regard to the value of the various scalar and vectorial criteria or parameters, among the electrocardiographic criteria the most reliable has been the inversion of the T wave in the right precordial leads. This sign, however, did not often appear in the present series (18% of the cases). As to the VCG the analysis made by the Authors stresses as the most reliable criterion the direction of QRS loop rotation on the horizontal plane and the magnitude of the maximum rightward spatial vector. These two elements, among other things, escape detection on the traditional electrocardiographic investigation. The above mentioned conclusions, obviously, only apply to the PAH secondary to COPD, in which particular noncardiac (lung hyperinflation, lowering of the diaphgram, etc.) and cardiac (associated left ventricular hypertrophy) factors contribute to limit the diagnostic value of both the ECG and the VCG.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Cerebral enzymatic activities related to energy transduction processes. A model for the evaluation of pharmacological changes in the brain of the adult rat].

A test model of studying the effects of chronic pharmacological treatment on cerebral metabolism related to energy transduction was developed. The most useful biochemical parameters were the cerebral enzymatic activities related to the glycolytic pathway (lactate dehydrogenase), the Krebs' cycle (citrate synthetase and malate dehydrogenase) and the electron transfer chain (total NADH-cytochrome c reductase and cytochrome oxidase). The model is based on the natural growth-dependent changes occurring in the rat during aging (from 10 to 60 weeks of life). As test drug, 10-methoxy-1,6-dimethyl-ergoline-8 beta-methanol-(5-bromonicotinate) (nicergoline, Sermion) was administered daily for three periods of 16 weeks each (10-26, or 28-44, or 44-60 weeks of life) by two different administration routes (oral and i.p.), and at two different dose levels: oral 1 or 4, i.p. 0.25 or 1 mg/kg. Biochemical data were obtained blindly after 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks of treatment. The drug tested exerted different effects which were dependent on the various administration periods and the administration routes. No dose-effect relationship was established.

Animals↗