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Biomedical subjects

V Mohan

Publications and source records attributed to V Mohan.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Erythrocyte insulin binding abnormalities in fibro calculous pancreatic diabetes.

Insulin binding to erythrocyte insulin receptors was studied in 17 patients (13 men and 4 women) with fibrocalculous pancreatic diabetes mellitus (FCPD) and compared with that of 14 newly diagnosed NIDDM patients matched for age, sex and severity of hyperglycemia, and 14 age and sex-matched non-diabetic control subjects. In the uncompensated diabetic state, mean (+/- S.D.) specific binding of insulin was lower in both FCPD and NIDDM patients, compared with non-diabetic controls (P less than 0.001). Control of diabetes with short term therapy (2-6 weeks) resulted in a significant improvement in the mean specific insulin binding in both FCPD and NIDDM patients (P less than 0.001) due to increased binding affinity in the former, and increased affinity and the number of binding sites in the latter. As compared to short term therapy, chronic therapy (5-8 months) in FCPD patients resulted in a marginal decrease in specific insulin binding. However, this was still significantly higher than the basal value (P less than 0.05). FCPD patients had an initial low mean basal plasma IRI and a much lower mean stimulated IRI response as compared to NIDDM and non-diabetic controls.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Insulin resistance in Fibrocalculous (tropical) pancreatic diabetes.

Insulin resistance was assessed by Insulin Tolerance Test (ITT) in 12 patients with FCPD, 10 with NIDDM and 12 age and sex matched control subjects. The mean BMI of the FCPD was lower than the NIDDM and control groups (P less than 0.001). There was no significant difference between the mean fasting plasma glucose or HbA1 between the FCPD and NIDDM patients. The mean fasting C-peptide of the FCPD group was significantly lower than the NIDDM and control groups (P less than 0.001). The mean glucose disposal rate (KITT) was 5.57 +/- 2.28 in the control group, 2.15 +/- 2.00 in the FCPD and 1.77 +/- 0.91 in the NiDDM group (P less than 0.001, control vs FCPD and NIDDM). The difference in KITT between FCPD and NIDDM groups was not significant statistically. The data suggests that patients with FCPD have evidence of insulin resistance and this is similar to that seen in NIDDM patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

HLA-D region RFLPs indicate that susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes in South India is located in the HLA-DQ region.

Recently close markers for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in Western 'Caucasoid' subjects have been defined from DQ region (both alpha and beta genes) restriction fragment length polymorphisms. In order to define the genetic contribution to insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in an Indian population we have analysed 58 unrelated Dravidian (South Indian) insulin-dependent diabetic patients and 43 controls. In insulin-dependent diabetes an increased frequency of the Taq 1 DQ beta restriction fragment length polymorphisms designated T2 omega/T6 (relative risk = 10.6), and of homozygotes for Taq 1 DQ alpha 4.6 kb (relative risk = 11), was found in the patients. The highest relative risk for insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus was obtained by comparing patients and control subjects who either (a) co-inherited DQT2 omega/T6 with certain DQ alpha restriction fragment length polymorphisms or (b) were DQ alpha 4.6 kb homozygotes, the combination of (a) and (b) accounting for 55.5% of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus subjects and none of the controls (relative risk = 101; 95% confidence limits 93-109).

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1↗
PubMed1988

Evaluation of a non-mydriatic camera in Indian and European diabetic patients.

The value of the Canon CR3-45NM non-mydriatic fundus camera in screening for diabetic retinopathy has been assessed in two ethnic groups, namely, 45 Indian and 40 European diabetic patients. There was 72% agreement between ophthalmoscopy by an ophthalmologist and the photographic assessment, and 100% agreement on clinically important lesions requiring treatment. However, peripheral retinal lesions, seen on ophthalmoscopy but lying outside the photographic field, occurred in 4% of eyes. 6% of photographs were totally unassessable and an additional 12% were only partially assessable. The prevalence and severity of retinopathy was similar in Indian and European patients. The advantages and disadvantages of the non-mydriatic camera in screening for diabetic retinopathy are discussed.

Diabetic Retinopathy↗
PubMed1988

The genetic susceptibility to IDDM in British and south Indian subjects.

Associations of insulin dependent diabetes mellitus exist with the HLA-DR antigens DR3 and DR4 in both British Caucasoid and Dravidian subjects. However, it is only in British Caucasoids that an increased relative risk is found in those subjects who co-inherit both of these antigens. The nature of these HLA associations has been explored using Southern blot techniques and radioactive HLA-D region probes. In both populations the same DR4 related polymorphism was found in IDDM subjects whereas different HLA-DR3 preferential allelic associations were observed between British Caucasoid and Dravidian subjects. The best differentiation between diabetics and controls was found by a combination of HLA-DQ region alpha and beta polymorphisms which were totally different for the two populations. These data indicate that at least one gene involved in the susceptibility to IDDM is located within the HLA-DQ region and this may be related to HLA-DR4. The location of a DR3 related gene remains elusive and may be the DR beta gene encoding DR3 itself. In both populations it is a combination of two HLA-D region haplotypes which is strongly associated with IDDM leading to the possibility of trans complementation leading to the formation of mixed isotypic dimers.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1↗
PubMed1987

Changes in plasma growth hormone in diabetic and nondiabetic subjects during the glucose clamp.

A group of 22 newly diagnosed noninsulin-dependent diabetic subjects and seven nondiabetic subjects underwent a glucose clamp at plasma glucose 100 mg/dL with insulin infusion rates of 1.0 and 10 mU/kg/min. During both insulin infusion rates, there was a sustained rise in plasma growth hormone (GH) above basal in 18 of the 22 diabetic subjects. Basal GH values were 2.37 +/- 0.67 ng/mL, rising above basal during the lower insulin infusion (6.1 +/- 3.3 ng/mL, P = 0.05) with a further rise at the higher insulin level (8.58 +/- 2.0 ng/mL, P less than 0.001). There was no rise in GH in any of the nondiabetic subjects. In neither group was there any rise above basal in cortisol, prolactin, glucagon, or somatostatin (SRIH). In a group of three nondiabetic subjects, a rise in GH similar to that seen in the diabetic group was induced by elevating the plasma glucose to 200 mg/dL for 60 minutes prior to the euglycemic clamp procedure. However, it is unlikely that changes in plasma glucose account totally for the changes in plasma GH described in the diabetic subjects since a rise in plasma GH was also seen in four diabetic subjects clamped at their fasting plasma glucose. We conclude that in newly diagnosed noninsulin-dependent diabetic subjects there is a rise in plasma GH during the euglycemic clamp procedure, which may be due to both the prior lowering of plasma glucose and the high plasma insulin levels.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

HLA-DR and -DQ DNA genotyping in insulin-dependent diabetes patients in South India.

Restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) of the HLA-DR beta, -DQ alpha, -DQ beta, and -DX alpha genes have been examined in South Indian diabetic patients and controls. The DR. DQ linkage arrangements in South Indians were shown to be different for DR2, DR4, and DRw6 from those commonly seen in Europeans, so that localization of the primary disease-promoting gene in IDDM could be attempted. This study clearly implicates at least one DQ beta allele in the pathogenesis of IDDM.

DNA Probes, HLA↗