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Biomedical subjects

V N Karnaukhov

Publications and source records attributed to V N Karnaukhov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Fluorescent evaluation of blood nuclear cells in experimental myocardial infarction].

Functional (synthetic) activity of acridine orange-stained blood nuclear cells was studied by microspectral fluorescent analysis in experimental myocardial infarction. A specific time course of changes in the synthetic activity of blood nuclears, described by alpha parameter, was detected in uneventful myocardial infarction and infarction complicated by suppurative inflammation of the suture. This time course reflected the reparative changes in the myocardium. Hence, alpha parameter can be regarded as an indicator of reparative processes in the myocardium, and the above method recommended for fluorescent cytodiagnosis of reparation processes after acute myocardial infarction and for predicting its course.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Synthetic activity of rat blood lymphocytes under acute and continuous gamma-irradiation -- fluorescent microspectral study.

The effects of different doses of acute and continuous gamma-irradiation on the synthetic activity of rat blood lymphocytes stained with acridine orange were studied by fluorescent microspectrometry. Male rats were exposed to acute gamma-irradiation with doses of 7.5, 4 and 3 Gy, or to continuous irradiation with dose rates of 14.4, 2.1, 1.1 and 0.43 cGy/day, respectively. The changes of the synthetic activity of blood lymphocytes occurred in three main stages after acute gamma-irradiation and in four stages under continuous irradiation. The stages reflect the processes of depression and activation of the immune system under irradiation. Essential differences between the acute and continuous effects were observed in the first stage. After acute gamma-irradiation, the synthetic activity decreased sharply, indicating the predominant contribution of the damaging effect of irradiation, whereas under continuous irradiation, as a result of the stimulatory effect of low-dose irradiation, the synthetic activity increased during the first stage.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

Acridine orange as an indicator of the cytoplasmic ribosome state.

In hippocampal neurons of ground squirrels and neuroblastoma culture the ribosome state was analyzed by staining with acridine orange (AO), labeling with radioactive amino acids, and electron microscopy. Electron microscopy indicated that the extent to which ribosomes associated in polysomes varied from 25% in brain cells of torpid ground squirrels up to 93% in growing neuroblastoma cells. In control rat neurons, it was 75%. The fluorescence of the AO-rRNA complex in ribosomes changed with the polysome/monosome ratio. The red fluorescence of AO-single-stranded rRNA complex as well as ribosome association in polysomes decreased greatly as a function of the shift from polysomes to monosomes. The green fluorescence of AO intercalated in the double-stranded rRNA changed insignificantly. As a result, the ratio of red to green fluorescence intensity, Kalpha, changed more than 3-fold with the changing polysome/monosome ratio. Protein labeling also showed strong positive correlation with Kalpha. Thus, rRNA showed different accessibility for AO binding in active and inactive ribosomes. A possible mechanism of partial rRNA shielding with proteins is proposed. AO fluorescence in the cytoplasm, i.e., AO binding to rRNA in ribosomes, is presumed to reflect adequately the profound changes in the state of cell protein synthesizing system that can be regulated by both functional activity and stress factors.

Acridine Orange↗
PubMed1990

Carotenoids: recent progress, problems and prospects.

1. This is a review of the current state of research on the structure and functions of carotenoids, a common group of natural pigments. 2. Discussed in this paper are recent advances in carotenoid studies and problems that still await elucidation. 3. A new natural nomenclature is proposed to rationalize investigation of biological functions of carotenoids. 4. Data included in the paper are taken from the book, "Biological Functions of Carotenoids" (Karnaukhov, 1988).

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The detection of lipofuscin in a culture of hybridoma cells].

Lipofuscin granules (LG) are found in the cultured hybridoma cells producing monoclonal antibodies to phage. LG have been studied using light and electron microscopy. Luminescent spectra of LG clusters in hybridoma cells are presented. The increase of own luminescence intensity of LG in the course of excitation by ultraviolet (365/nm) is shown. The advantages of hybridoma cells culture for investigation of LG on the cell level are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Differences in the ribosome state of nerve cells detectable by acridine orange fluorochrome staining].

Acridine orange (AO) binding with ribosomal RNA in the cytoplasm of nerve cells depends on the animal functional state to differ in active and hibernating ground squirrels. These differences are expressed as changes in the ratio of red and green AO luminescence intensities. The transition of squirrels from the activity to hibernation provokes a five-fold fall in the red luminescence, while the green one shifts no more than by 10%, thus indicating the change in AO interaction with one-helical regions of rRNA only. The red luminescence decreases simultaneously with the rise of monoribosomes portion and dissociation of polysomes, but does not depend on RNA concentration in the cytoplasm. The dependence of AO binding on protein-RNA interaction in the one-helical regions and its relation to the capacity of ribosomes of protein synthesis are discussed.

Acridine Orange↗
PubMed1987

[Isolation of lipofuscin from the bovine myocardium].

The paper describes the procedure of lipofuscin isolation from bovine myocardium with the use of 15-45% (weight/volume) linear gradient of sucrose density and differential centrifugation. Two coloured populations of lipofuscin granules with different density have been distinguished. Electron microscopic studies of the isolated lipofuscin have revealed the homogeneity of fractions and good maintenance of the granules. The electron microscopic, absorptive and luminescent spectral properties of lipofuscin preparations correspond to its properties in situ. The isolation of lipofuscin preparations suggests the possibility of studying the chemical composition and intramolecular structure of the granules.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Changes in the structural heterogeneity of surviving nerve cells].

Heterogeneity in distribution of the dry substance mass (protein) in normal and reactively altered isolated neurons has been studied in vital investigations by means of interference microscopy and microspectrophotometry. It has been demonstrated that at a reactive reconstruction neuroplasmic substances undergo rearrangement, resulting in increased heterogeneity. In peripheral juxtamembranous parts neuroplasmic colloids are divided separating the hydrated zone with a low content of protein and forming made that an increasing adhesion of the juxtamembranous proteins could result in their aggregation with protein complexes of the transmembranous ionic canals, that affects the specific electrogencic function of the neuron.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[State of cardiac pyridine nucleotides and flavoproteins during preservation with a 0.5% formalin solution].

Possibilities of formaldehyde interaction with the respiratory link of mitochondria were studied. For this purpose the fluorescent technique was used to examine pyridine nucleotides and flavoproteins of the conserved heart. The data obtained indicate that the action of formaldehyde on oxidation myocardial cell metabolism appears to be related to the inhibition of the glycolytic apparatus.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Arrest of BHK-21 cell culture growth and its stabilization in a resting state as affected by serum fractions].

By cytofluorometry the distribution of cells was studied according to the amount of DNA in a population of BHK-21 cells placed in the media containing a serum fraction that either does not stimulate cell proliferation, or stimulates it until reaching 60% of the limiting density observed in the control. The analysis of cell distribution shown that after the arrest of cell growth cells are accumulated in the G1 phase of the cell cycle to change into the quiescent state. As a control, cytofluorometric analysis of populations of BHK-21 cells cultured under normal conditions in the presence of the 10% whole serum was performed.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Luminescence analysis of the peripheral blood in certain types of allergy].

Fluorescent spectral analysis of acridine-orange-stained fixed blood smears from patients taken in the period of allergic reaction revealed the presence in the blood of free granules presumably containing the major proteins given fluorescence in the green part of the spectrum. The number of these granules increases in the first phase of the allergic reaction and declines as the patient recovers.

Acridine Orange↗
PubMed1980

[Relationship between temperature and the ratio of single-stranded to double-stranded nucleic acids in identified mollusk giant neurons].

Using the microspectrofluorimetric technique, the temperature dependence of the synthetic activity of the nucleus and of some cytoplasmic areas in the giant identified neurons of Lymnaea stagnalis was investigated after Acridine Orange staining. The elevation of the environmental temperature from 4 degrees to 20 degrees C resulted in the increased synthetic activity of the nucleus and cytoplasm of giant neurons. In these conditions, the highest synthetic activity was registered in the apical area of the neuron cytoplasm, providing presumably, the cell neurosecretory activity. The synthetic activity of the axon perinuclear area, producing compounds for the axonal transport, increases at the elevated temperatures to a lesser degree, because it has a relatively high level as well at low temperatures.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Effect of ethidium bromide on the electrical activity of nerve cells].

The interaction of ethidium bromide with stretch receptor neurons of the crayfish has been studied. The fluorescent staining of the neuron axon membrane was shown to be accompanied with the inactivation of its electrical action potential generation capacity. Taking into account the high specificity of ethidium bromide fluorescence rising under condition of its complexation with nucleic acids especially, the existence of RNA in composition of axon membrane electrogenic channels is suggested. The modification of RNA by ethidium bromide may lead to the inactivation of electrogenic channels in the axon membrane.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Lipofuscin granule accumulation in the area of an experimental myocardial infarct in young animals].

The process of repairing the myocardium ischemized areas was studied in young rabbits. On the 14th day after operation lipofuscin granules were found to accumulate in large quantities in the myocardial infarction area. Their luminescent spectral characteristics were identical to those of lipofuscin granules of old people. Accumulation of lipofuscin in ischemized areas of the young animal heart indicates an active metabolic role played by lipofuscin in post-infarction normalization of myocardium tissue functioning.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Luminescent spectral characteristics of the lipofuscin granules in human tissues].

The luminescent characteristics of lipofuscin granules in the human brain, heart, adrenal glands, and liver have been investigated. Lipofuscin luminescent spectra in all the tissues studied were shown to be of the same type and to contain two emission bands with maxima in the yellow (550--560 nm) and red (680--690 nm) regions of the spectrum. The relative variability in the intensity of these bands determines the changes in colour from yellow to red-brown in lipofuscin luminescence observed visually. The two main emission bands in luminescent spectra indicate the presence of two main luminescent chemical compounds in lipofuscin.

Adrenal Glands↗