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Biomedical subjects

V N Saliaev

Publications and source records attributed to V N Saliaev.

18 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

[Prevention of ventricular fibrillation with the aid of protopine in animal experiments].

The anti-arrhythmic activity of protopin, quinidine and novocainamide infused intravenously as a preventive and relieving measure was studied in acute experiments on rats with calcium chloride and aconitic arrhythmia. In myocardial fibrillation induced by calcium chloride the contents in the rat heart of adrenalin, noradrenaline, dopa and dopamine were studied by spectrofluorimetry before and after the use of protopin. It was established that in the size of its minimum effective doses which arrest or prevent calcium chloride and aconitic arrhythmias in rats protopin is two to three times more potent than quinidine and novocainamide. The mechanism of the anti-arrhythmic effect of protopin in calcium chloride and aconitic arrhythmias is complex and is due to the suppression of the foci of heterotopic stimulation, decrease in excitability of the myocardial cells and normalization of the catecholamine content in the myocardium.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1977

[Clinico-experimental evaluation of therapeutic effectiveness of 1-dihydroxyphenylalanine in circulatory insufficiency].

The indices of central hemodynamics and myocardial contractility were studied by poly- and mechanocardiography in 25 patients with stage I-IIA circulatory insufficiency prior to and after treatment with 1-dioxyphenlalanine. The content of lactic and pyruvic acids in the blood and erythrocyte permeability to 32P were determined at the same time. The activity of the redox enzymes was studied in rats with experimentally induced circulatory insufficiency on the background of 1-DOPA medication. It was established that contractility of the heart and indices of central hemodynamics improved due to the effect of 1-DOPA. A decrease in the lactate concentration and an elevation of the pyruvate level in the blood of patients were noted. In animal experiments increased activity of cytochrome oxidase, succinic dehydrogenase, and alkaline and acid phosphatase in the myocardium was demonstrated.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of neuroleptics on the thermoregulatory mechanisms in normo- and hypothermia].

The time of occurrence of three stages of hypothermia (mild, moderate and deep with the rectal temperature of 33, 26 and 19 degrees C, respectively) was recorded in acute experiments on rats cooled in water (7 degrees C). It was established that under normothermia aminazine exerted the hypothermic effect and rausedil (24 hrs) the hyperthermic effect. At external cooling both aminazine and rausedil (4 hrs) exhibit the antihypothermic action.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Interrelations between quinidine distribution in the brain and myocardial arrhythmogenic readiness to aconitine and calcium chloride in postnatal ontogeny].

It has been shown in experiments on rats of different age that antiarrhythmic activity of quinidine during aconitine and calcium chloride arrhythmias is mediated not only via the cardial mechanisms but also via the central nervous system, with the importance of these mechanisms in postnatal ontogenesis being inconclusive.

Aconitine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[General inhalant anesthetics: the dependence of the narcotic effect on the concentration in the brain].

It has been shown in rat experiments that isonarcotic concentrations of inhalation anesthetics (pentane, hexane, heptane) varied in the brain depending on the regimen of monoanesthesia. It has been demonstrated that the high content of anesthetics in the priming mixture results in a decline of the isoeffective brain concentration. Preliminary anesthesia leads to an increase in this indicator. The data obtained are accounted for by distributive processes in the biophase-adjacent structure system.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of beta-aminoethylmethacrylate in traumatic paralysis of the sciatic nerve].

It has been discovered in experiments on rats with traumatic paralysis of the sciatic nerve that a methacrylic acid derivative, beta-aminoethylmethacrylate (AEM), displays marked neurotropic, particularly strychnine-like activity. Using visual, electrophysiological and biochemical research methods it has been demonstrated that the substance has a normalizing action on the function of the neuromuscular apparatus in paralysis and that this action is more powerful than that produced by strychnine, securinine, proserine, dibasol, thiamine, and cyanocobalamin. AEM has a beneficial effect on metabolism of the muscles of an injured limb, raising in them the content of glycogen and decreasing the activity of succinate dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase since the first day after trauma. The drug does not only accelerates the progress of the recovery but also reduced a direct effect of nervous trunk injury on the muscle.

Acrylates↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of cholinomimetics on the rate of hypothermia development].

The rate of hypothermia development was studied in different stages--mild, medium and deep--corresponding with rectal temperatures of 33, 26 and 19 degrees C. This rate significantly decreases in mild hypothermia induced by nicotine (4 mg/kg), in medium hypothermia induced by nicotine and pilocarpine (25 mg/kg), and methacin (20 mg/kg) combined with arecoline (20 mg/kg), in deep hypothermia induced by methacin coupled with arecoline, and significantly rises in deep hypothermia induced by methacin (20 mg/kg) combined with proserin (0.45 mg/kg).

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of cholinolytics on thermoregulation processes in hypothermia].

Acute experiments on rats were made to study variations of the hypothermia development ratio (HDR) under the effect of cholinolytics at mild, medium and deep hypothermia stages, corresponding with 33,26 and 19 degrees C of rectal temperature. Amizyl (20 mg/kg) and spasmolytin (10 mg/kg) were used as central cholinolytics, whereas metacin (20 mg/kg), isoverin (10 mg/kg) and diplacin (8 mg/kg) as peripheral ones. The character of the action of central cholinolytics of the HDR is largely determined by the hypothermia stage, while that of peripheral ones by the type and localization of cholinoreceptors under blockade.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of the arrhythmogenic activity of adrenergic and cholinergic agents in calcium chloride arrhythmia].

Under conditions prevailing in an experimental chlorocalcium arrhythmia in rats an anti-arrhythmic action of the sympatholytic-rausedyl, the gamma-adrenolytic-dihydroergo toxin, the beta-adrenolytic--obsidan, the M-cholinolytics--atropine and benactyzine was ascertained. The N-cholinolytics tropacin and hexamethonium had no effect on the parameters and the outcome of the chlorocalcium arrhythmia, whereas the M-cholinomimetic-- carbacholine potentiated the arrhythmogenic action of calcium chloride. The mechanism of the chlorocalcium arrhythmia development the authors attribute to an intensified discharge of epinephrine from the functional depot of the sympathetic nerve endings and to sensitization of the alpha- and beta-adrenoreceptors of the myocardium to the mediator. In the genesis of arrhythmia the participation of M-cholinoreceptors of the myocardium is presumed.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Fluorothane pharmaco kinetics in brain structures and the permeability of the hemato-encephalic barrier in postnatal ontogeny].

Distribution of ftorotan in the brain structures (hemispheres, thalamus, cerebellum, limbic structures) and blood, and permeability of the blood brain barrier of the listed brain structures were studied by gas chromatography in postnatal ontogenesis (7, 17, 30, 60 and 90 days) of white rats during three stages of anesthesia -- initial, "surgical" and final ones. It has been established that the histohematic barrier is most permeable prior to 17-day age; the blood brain barrier is the least permeable in 7- and 17-day-old animals. Sorption of the brain tissue increases after 17 days and reaches maximum by day 90 of the postnatal development.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Isoniazid distribution and biogenic amine metabolism in brain structures].

The effect of isoniazid (200 mg/kg) on metabolism of biogenic amines in different parts of the brain was studied in acute experiments on white rats. Isoniazid was detected in all test organs one hour after the administration, with metabolism of biogenic amines changed. The level of biogenic amines is related not only to the drug distribution pattern but also to the specificity of its participation in the biochemical processes, restricting the synthesis of monoamines.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Brain structural monoamines under inhalation anesthesia].

It was established in albino rats that the activity of the processes that are responsible for the functioning of the metabolic link in noradrenaline synthesis varies under ether and ftorotan anesthesia. It was recorded that there is an increase in the activity of DOPA decarboxylation in the brain under deep ether anesthesia as well as in the activity of dopamine decarboxylation during egress from anesthesia. Ftorotan anesthesia is characterized by increased hydroxylation of phenylalanine and decarboxylation of DOPA, and by inhibition of the activity of tyrosine and dopamine hydroxylation. Egress of animals from ftorotan anesthesia is associated with an intensive noradrenaline formation in the brain.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗