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Biomedical subjects

V N Titov

Publications and source records attributed to V N Titov.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Protein-loading test, urinary albumin excretion and renal morphology in diagnosis of subclinical diabetic nephropathy.

The acute effects of protein loading (1.5 g kg-1) on glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and urinary albumin excretion (UAE) were investigated in 23 type-I diabetic patients with no clinical nephropathy, and in 7 healthy subjects (controls). The results were compared with renal morphology data. In controls and in 14 diabetic patients (group 1) GFR increased by 27 and 37%, respectively, corresponding to normal renal reserve, but in 9 patients (group 2) GFR decreased by 20%, indicating the absence of a renal reserve. Microalbuminuria was found in none of the patients in group 1 and in 50% of patients in group 2. Two hours after the load UAE increased in all groups, but the increase was most marked in group 2, despite the fall in GFR. The two groups of patients did not differ with regard to the duration and control of diabetes, but differed markedly in terms of baseline GFR (131 vs. 195 ml min-1, P less than 0.01, in groups 1 and 2, respectively). Renal morphology showed minimal non-specific glomerular injury in group 1, and signs of glomerulosclerosis in group 2. We conclude that the impaired renal response to protein load precedes other subclinical manifestations of diabetic renal injury, and may be useful in the diagnosis of latent diabetic nephropathy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

[Serum lipoprotein (A) in patients with myocardial infarction and aortoarteritis].

To elucidate the physiological role of lipoprotein (a), a new independent atherosclerosis risk factor, the levels of lipoprotein (a) and 5 proteins of an acute phase were measured in acute (myocardial infarction, n = 21) and chronic (non-specific aortoarteritis, n = 15) tissue lesions. Blood was taken for analysis from patients with myocardial infarction when they were admitted to hospital for anginal attacks and then 4 times during a month and from patients with aortoarteritis at the stage of exacerbation 1 month before and after therapy. The findings indicate that in acute and chronic tissue lesions, there is a change in blood lipoprotein (a) levels, which is largely similar to that in the levels of acute phase proteins. One cause of such changes may be an increase in the synthesis of apolipoprotein (a) that is identical to that of other glycoproteins--acute phase proteins--in the reaction of the acute phase and then in the regeneration of damaged tissues.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗
PubMed1992

[Plasma beta-endorphin level in "silent" myocardial ischemia during Holter ECG monitoring].

The results from recent studies suggest that the endogenous opioid beta-endorphin (beta-E) is related to pain modulation. Therefore, plasma beta-E levels were studied in 23 patients with essential hypertension (EH) and in 7 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) during asymptomatic ischemic events and in 5 patients with CAD during symptomatic ischemic events. Blood samples for beta-E were taken at the moment of silent ST depression, pointed with alarm by the real time ECG monitor "Q Med Monitor" (USA). Control blood samples were taken under the same conditions without ischemic events. Control plasma beta-E levels were significantly higher (p less than 0.01) in patients with EH as compared to that in both groups of patients with CAD (22.9 +/- 4.0 vs 7.0 +/- 1.9 and 4.5 +/- 1.6 pmol/l). At the time of silent ischemia, beta-E showed a significant increase in patients with EH (+10.1 +/- 2.1 pmol/l, p less than 0.01) and in patients with CAD (+10.7 +/- 1.3 pmol/l, p less than 0.05) as compared to the control levels. However, plasma beta-E showed no increase (+1.0 +/- 0.6 pmol/l, p greater than 0.1) during symptomatic ischemia as compared to the control levels. Thus, differences in the circulating levels of beta-E may be associated with the presence or absence of pain during myocardial ischemia.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[The significance of microproteinuria for the diagnosis of kidney involvement in hypertensive disease and secondary forms of arterial hypertension].

N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAG) activity, the concentrations of microalbumin (MA) and B2-microglobulin (B2-MG) were measured in urine of 50 healthy subjects and 200 patients suffering from arterial hypertension (AH) with preserved renal function, including patients with essential hypertension (EH), stages I and II, chronic pyelonephritis (CPN), chronic glomerulonephritis (CGN) and vasorenal hypertension (VRH). The healthy subjects, the patients with stage II EH, and those with secondary forms of AH demonstrated significant differences in NAG activity in urine. A positive correlation (r = +0.53; p < 0.03) was discovered between systolic AP and NAG activity in urine of EH patients. The concentration of MA in urine of CGN and VRH patients was significantly higher than that in the healthy subjects, EH and CPN patients. The patients with CPN and VRH showed significantly higher levels of B2-MG in urine.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1992

[Vasodilators and the catecholamine content of the blood plasma in patients with the moderate form of hypertension].

Vasodilators (verapamil, nifedipine, and prazosin) versus hypothiazide and clofelin were studied for their effects on resting and exercise blood levels of catecholamines in 58 patients with moderate arterial hypertension. Clofelin decreased norepinephrine levels, whereas hypothiazide increased it at rest and during exercise test. The most marked effect on norepinephrine levels was produced by nifedipine, then prazosin, particularly in patients with initially enhanced total peripheral vascular resistance. Verapamil failed to substantially affect norepinephrine levels. Due to the fact that the elevated levels of norepinephrine may have a negative action, it is suggested that antiadrenergic agents should be supplemented to a long-term therapy with nifedipine or prazosin.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[The determination of the glycogen phosphorylase activity in blood serum].

A method for measuring blood serum glycogen phosphorylase (GP) activity is described, informative at early stages of myocardial infarction. The method is sensitive and available for clinical biochemistry laboratories. It consists in preliminary purification of GP from serum proteins and metabolites by affinity chromatography in micro-columns and subsequent measurement of the activity in the eluate. The procedure involves selective GP sorption on starch, washing, and subsequent desorption with glycogen solution. GP activity is measured by the kinetic spectrophotometric technique, based on enzymic measurement of glucose-1-phosphate, the product of glycogen consumption reaction, at a wavelength of 340 nm. Conditions of serum GP chromatographic purification are modified in the suggested procedure, this improving the sensitivity of the enzyme measurement. Blood serum GP activities were measured in patients with various cardiac diseases--myocardial infarction (15 cases), angina of rest and effort (53), essential hypertension (30). Different methods of GP activity measurements are considered. Recommendations on the use of the described method, a sensitive test for the diagnosis of myocardial infarction, are given.

Angina Pectoris↗
PubMed1991

[A turbidimetric method of determining plasminogen].

Plasminogen level in euglobulin plasma fraction was determined from the rate of the sample transparency changes in the course of fibrin clot formation and lysis. Natural plasmin substrate, fibrin is used for measuring plasminogen this improving the measurement specificity and accuracy. Errors due to high concentrations of fibrinogen and/or its degradation products in the sample influencing the amidolytic activity of streptokinase-plasminogen complex are ruled out. The method is available and does not involve the use of chromogenic substrate.

Blood Chemical Analysis↗
PubMed1991

[Determination of alpha-amylase activity using a new chromogenic substrate].

alpha-Amylase activity was measured with the use of a new chromogenic insoluble substrate, Testamyl, developed and manufactured by Kemotex, Tallinn, Estonia. Reproducibility trials of the new method have demonstrated a low coefficient of variations within a lot (4.4%) and among the lots (3.5%). alpha-Amylase activity values obtained with the use of Testamyl and by other technique are in good correlation. Routine laboratory equipment is employed in the test; this permits use of Testamyl kits for measurements of alpha-amylase activities in the blood serum and urinary samples both at laboratories of specialized treatment and diagnosis institutions and at clinical laboratories. The method is convenient for rapid diagnosis.

Chromogenic Compounds↗