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Biomedical subjects

V Naukkarinen

Publications and source records attributed to V Naukkarinen.

17 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Efficacy and tolerability of felodipine ER and diltiazem SR as monotherapy in primary hypertension: a double-blind randomized study.

PURPOSE: Efficacy, tolerability, and optimal doses of felodipine ER (FER) and diltiazem SR (DSR), given as monotherapy, were evaluated in patients with mild or moderate primary hypertension. METHODS: This was a multicenter, double-blind, parallel-group study of 98 hypertensive patients. Following a 4 weeks placebo run-in period, patients were randomized to either FER 5 mg once daily (qd) or DSR 90 mg twice daily (bid). If supine DBP was > 90 mmHg after 2 and 4 weeks treatment, the dose was increased to 10 mg FER qd or 120 mg DSR bid plus 20 mg FER qd or 180 mg DSR bid, respectively. The double-blind treatment lasted 8 weeks. RESULTS: After 8 weeks FER treatment 70% of the patients responded (DBP < or = 90 mmHg or DBP decrease > or = 10 mmHg) and 50% became normotensive (DBP < or = 90 mmHg); the corresponding figures for DSR were 63% and 37%, respectively. No statistical significant differences in BP reduction and HR were found between the two compounds. HR did not change during the study. Seven patients discontinued due to adverse events (AEs). Five patients received FER and two patients received DSR. The AEs were similar in the two groups and generally mild. CONCLUSIONS: At the highest dose levels of FER and DSR, no further BP reduction was observed, but there was a tendency to report more AEs. Both FER and DSR can be used as first-line therapy in hypertension.

Blood Pressure↗
PubMed1991

Glucose tolerance and blood pressure: long term follow up in middle aged men.

OBJECTIVE: to investigate the role of glucose tolerance in the development of hypertension. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of the results of a health check up in a group of clinically healthy middle aged men in the late 1960s (median year 1968). The subjects were invited to enter into a primary prevention trial for cardiovascular disease in 1974, when they underwent clinical examination for risk factors. The trial was completed in 1979, when the men were re-examined. Follow up was in 1986. SETTING: Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland and second department of medicine, University of Helsinki. SUBJECTS: In all, 3490 men born during 1919-34 participated in a health check up in the late 1960s. In 1974, 1815 of these men who were clinically healthy were entered into a primary prevention trial for cardiovascular disease. On clinical examination 1222 of the men were considered at high risk of cardiovascular disease. Of these, 612 received an intervention and were excluded from the study. A total of 593 men were without risk factors. The study comprised all of the men who did not have an intervention (n = 1203). In 1979, 1120 men were re-examined, and in 1986 945 men attended follow up. There were two groups for analysis: one comprising all subjects and the other comprising only men who were normotensive in 1968 and for whom complete information was available. INTERVENTIONS: By 1979, 103 men were taking antihypertensive drugs, and by 1986, 131 were taking antihypertensive drugs and 12 were taking drugs for hyperglycaemia. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Blood glucose concentration one hour after a glucose load, blood pressure, and body weight were measured in 1968, 1974, and 1979. In 1986 blood pressure and body weight were recorded. RESULTS: Men who were hypertensive in 1986 had significantly higher blood pressures (p less than 0.0001) and (after adjustment for body mass index and alcohol intake) significantly higher blood glucose concentrations one hour after a glucose load at all examinations than those who were normotensive in 1986. Regression analysis showed that the higher the blood glucose concentration after a glucose load in 1968 the higher the blood pressure during the following years. Those men between the second and third tertiles of blood glucose concentration in 1968 had a significantly higher risk of developing hypertension (odds ratio 1.71, 95% confidence interval 1.05 to 2.77) compared with those below the first tertile. CONCLUSION: In this study men who developed hypertension tended to have shown an increased intolerance to glucose up to 18 years before the clinical manifestation of their disorder. Blood glucose concentration one hour after a glucose load was an independent predictor of future hypertension.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMed1986

Long-term use of probucol in the multifactorial primary prevention of vascular disease.

Over 1,200 middle-aged men with no apparent vascular disease participated in a 5-year multifactorial primary prevention trial, in which 612 received dietetic, hygienic and--when indicated--pharmacologic treatment for the following risk factors: hyperlipidemia, hypertension, smoking, obesity and abnormal glucose tolerance. Pharmacologic therapy included hypolipidemic agents (mainly probucol and clofibrate) and antihypertensive drugs (mainly diuretics and beta blockers). At the end of the 5 years, results in these men were compared with findings in 610 high risk and 593 low risk control subjects, none of whom had received treatment. Although intervention decreased the mean risk factor status of the treated men by 33%, their 5-year coronary incidence exceeded that of the high risk control subjects (3.1% vs 1.5%). Stroke incidence, however, was markedly reduced in the treated subjects (0% vs 1.3%). Multivariate analysis showed that the coronary events occurred in patients taking beta blockers or clofibrate, while few occurred in those receiving probucol or the diuretics. The decrease in mean serum cholesterol was 15% in men receiving only probucol, and ranged from 0% to 13% in those receiving different drug combinations, including clofibrate plus probucol (11%). Probucol also markedly decreased high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, especially when combined with clofibrate. It is possible that adverse drug effects offset the probable benefit of an improved risk profile in the treated men, thereby explaining the greater than expected occurrence of cardiac events in this group. The probucol data, however, suggest that it may not be harmful to lower the high density lipoprotein cholesterol level when there is a significant decrease in total cholesterol as well.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1985

Multifactorial primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases in middle-aged men. Risk factor changes, incidence, and mortality.

In a randomized five-year multifactorial primary prevention trial of vascular diseases, hyperlipidemias, hypertension, smoking, obesity, and abnormal glucose tolerance of the high-risk test group (n = 612 men) were treated with dietetic-hygienic measures and hypolipidemic (mainly probucol and clofibrate) and antihypertensive (mainly diuretics and beta-blockers) agents. A matched high-risk control group (n = 610) and a low-risk control group (n = 593) were not treated. The program markedly improved the risk factor status, yet the five-year coronary incidence tended to be higher in the intervention group than in the control group (3.1% vs 1.5%), while the stroke incidence was significantly reduced (1.3% vs 0%). The coronary events tended to be accumulated in subgroups treated with beta-blocking agents or clofibrate, but there were few in those receiving probucol or diuretics. Thus, the intervention program significantly reduced development of stroke, but the occurrence of cardiac events was not prevented. Possible adverse drug effects offsetting the probable benefit of improved risk profile are not excluded.

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMed1983

Serum selenium concentration related to myocardial infarction and fatty acid content of serum lipids.

A longitudinal case-control study of 33 patients with one or more risk factors for coronary heart disease and 64 controls showed that the serum selenium concentration (range 0.63-1.33 mumol/l (50-105 micrograms/l] was not associated with development of clinical manifestations of coronary heart disease during a follow up of five to seven years. The content of polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially eicosapentaenoic acid, in serum cholesterol esters and phospholipids was positively correlated with selenium concentration. As a low content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in serum lipids was an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease in these subjects it may be hypothesised that the high coronary risk in subjects with a very low serum selenium concentration (less than 0.57 mumol/l (less than 45 micrograms/l] might be due not to selenium deficiency but to the coexisting low concentrations of polyunsaturated fatty acids in serum.

Cholesterol Esters↗
PubMed1982

Fatty-acid composition of serum lipids predicts myocardial infarction.

During a follow-up of five to seven years 33 out of 1222 middle-aged men initially free of coronary heart disease sustained fatal or non-fatal myocardial infarction or died suddenly. The fatty-acid composition of serum triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesterol esters had been measured at the start of the surveillance in these men and in a control group of 64 men matched for age, serum cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations, blood pressure, obesity, smoking, and one-hour glucose tolerance. Palmitic and stearic acids of phospholipids were significantly higher and linoleic and most polyunsaturated fatty acids, including arachidonic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, of phospholipids were lower in the subjects who sustained coronary events compared with the controls. Linoleic acid tended to correlate negatively with blood pressure while other polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially eicosapentaenoic acid, exhibited a negative correlation with blood pressure and relative body weight in the controls but not in the subjects who sustained coronary events. These findings suggest that the fatty-acid pattern of serum phospholipids is an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

HDL cholesterol and beta-adrenoceptor blocking agents in a 5 year multifactorial primary prevention trial.

1 Serum HDL cholesterol measured at the end of a 5 year multifactorial primary prevention trial, aimed to reduce risk factor levels and incidence of ischaemic heart disease, revealed quite low values in drug-treated subjects. 2 Analysis of subgroups treated with beta-adrenoceptor blocking agents (mainly pindolol) alone or in different combinations with diuretics showed inconsistent effects of beta-adrenoceptors blockers on serum HDL cholesterol. HDL cholesterol levels in patients treated with pindolol with or without a diuretic were not different from those of the risk-free control group. 3 Subjects on combined beta-adrenoceptor blocker-hypolipidaemic treatments had lower HDL-cholesterol than those on hypolipidaemic agents alone. 4 Withdrawal of pindolol at the end of the trial caused a small but significant increase in serum HDL cholesterol in a small subgroup of mildly hypertensive patients. Thus, pindolol appears to have slightly reduced serum HDL cholesterol but the relevance of this small decrease on the incidence of ischaemic heart disease is questionable.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1981

Effect of probucol on the activity of postheparin plasma lipoprotein lipase and hepatic lipase.

The effect of discontinuation of long term (34-56 months) probucol treatment on serum lipids, lipoproteins and on the activity of postheparin plasma lipoprotein and hepatic lipase ahs been studied in 10 healthy males participating in a primary prevention programme of coronary heart disease. A significant increase was observed in the activity of postheparin plasma lipoprotein lipase, in the total serum cholesterol concentration and in the serum concentrations of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, HDL phospholipids and apoprotein AI after withdrawal of the drug No changes were seen in the serum triglyceride levels or in the activity of postheparin plasma hepatic lipase. The activity of postheparin plasma hepatic lipase tended to correlate with the serum concentration of HDL. No correlations were present between the individual changes in the serum levels of HDL and in the activity of postheparin plasma triglyceride lipases.

Apolipoprotein A-I↗
PubMed1980

Effect of long-term antihypertensive and hypolipidemic treatment on high density lipoprotein cholesterol and apolipoproteins A-I and A-II.

The concentrations of total serum cholesterol and triglycerides and serum HDL cholesterol, triglycerides and apoproteins A-I and A-II were measured in 119 men after 4 years of active participation in a multifactorial primary prevention trial of coronary heart disease. No difference was observed in total serum cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL lipids or apoproteins between the control subjects without medication and the men treated with antihypertensive drugs (beta-blockers alone or in combination with thiazides). The concentration of HDL cholesterol was significantly lower and that of apoprotein A-II significantly higher in the individuals treated with clofibrate than in the controls. On the other hand, the levels of both HDL cholesterol and apoprotein A-I were lower in the men treated with probucol than in the controls, whereas that of A-II was within the control limits. The ratio HDL cholesterol/apoprotein A-I was subnormal in all 3 groups treated with lipid-lowering drugs, as if the treatment had lowered the cholesterol saturation of the HDL fraction. The levels of HDL cholesterol and apoprotein A-I were negatively correlated with the length of the treatment in subjects treated with probucol but not in the other groups. These results suggest that in long-term use, probucol and possibly clofibrate lower both the concentration and the cholesterol/apoprotein ratio of the HDL fraction.

Antihypertensive Agents↗
PubMed1972

[LED-nephropathy].

Explore the source record for details and available documents.

Glomerulonephritis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Lack of correlation between serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase activity and blood pressure in middle-aged men.

The activity of serum dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) was measured in 1194 asymptomatic middle-aged men with diastolic blood pressure ranging from 75 to 125 mm Hg during the baseline examination of a multifactorial intervention program for primary prevention of coronary heart disease. No correlation was present between serum DBH activity and systolic (r = -0.01, NS) or diastolic (r = +0.02, NS) blood pressure. No significant differences in serum DBH activity was observed between individuals with blood pressure in the lower, middle or upper deciles. Serum DBH activity was similar in subjects with normal blood pressure, in individuals with widely fluctuating blood pressure and in patients with fixed hypertension. The results suggest that serum DBH activity cannot be used as an aid in the diagnosis of essential hypertension of middle-aged men.

Adult↗