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Biomedical subjects

V Nikolić

Publications and source records attributed to V Nikolić.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Structural analysis of the mandible by quantitative computed tomography.

The study presents quantitative computed tomography (QCT) as a noninvasive method for analyzing the inner bone structure. Randomly selected mandibles from the osteological collection of the "Drago Perović" Institute of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Zagreb were CT-scanned in five bone areas. Analyzing the densitometry curve in two horizontal levels the relation between the compact and spongy bone and the total amount of bone substance in each area were determined. The smallest bone quantity was found in the area of the neck and angle of the mandible, the areas of most frequent bone fractures. The alveolar part of the bone, apart from the area of the angle, was considerably less thick than the base of the mandible. The compact bone was predominant in all CT-scans.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[The effect of clonazepam on experimental epilepsy induced by electrostimulation].

The investigations were aimed at the study of effects of preparations which belong to the benzodiazepine group-Clonazepam (CZ), on total bioelectric activity (EEG) and epileptic discharge induced by electrostimulation of the hippocampus in the experimental animals (awake adult rabbits). Clonazepam was administered both intramuscularly (i.m.) and intravenously (i.v.) at a dose of 0.2-2.5 mg/kg of the body mass. The obtained results show that the administration of clonazepam prolongs the duration and the arrangement of the spindle in the bioelectric activity in rabbits and stops epileptic attacks of the grand mal type.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[Hereditary sensory-motor polyneuropathy. Case report and problems in differential diagnosis].

The study reports a family in which three children were found to have marked sensory-motor polyneuropathy. Clinical investigations revealed a recessive hereditary form of highly progredient mostly motor polyneuropathy with atrophy and weakness of distal muscle groups and electrophysiologic evidence of neurogenic lesion-delayed neural conduction. Apart from the peripheral nerves, clinical examination and additional investigations showed that the degenerative process encompassed central nerve system structures, posterior bundles of the spinal cord, spinal cerebral pathways, cerebellum and cerebrum (cerebral sings, mental retardation, epilepsy, brain atrophy on CT, increased IGG in the liquor are present). Although clinical and electrophysiological analyses suggest type III HSMN, muscle and nerve biopsy, as well as additional diagnostic methods broaden the differential diagnostic range toward other forms of hereditary polyneuropathy, whose differentiation in practice is, in spite of clear diagnostic criteria, rather difficult, due to the presence of its transitive forms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Follow-up of the intracranial supernumerary tooth.

A rare case of an intracranially located supernumerary tooth was described, observed over a period of 14 years, where movement was established laterally in relation to the referent Carthesian coordinate system, down and forward with rotation around the anteroposterior axis. During skull growth, the skull base angle changed by 20 degrees, but this movement only affected the change in tooth position slightly. During the observation period, no further changes in the neurological findings were observed.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed1991

Haemolytic-uraemic syndrome associated with Aeromonas hydrophila enterocolitis.

Haemolytic-uraemic syndrome (HUS) associated with Aeromonas hydrophila enterocolitis is reported in a 23-month-old female infant. The A. hydrophila strain isolated from the patient's stool sample produced cytotoxin against verocells; increasing levels of cytotoxin-neutralizing antibody in the patient's sera were demonstrated, suggesting a recent infection. This report indicates that A. hydrophila should be suspected as a possible cause of HUS, and that this pathogen should be looked for in cases of post-diarrhoeal HUS.

Aeromonas↗
PubMed1991

[Social factors related to deficient mental development].

The authors examine the outer-social factors which contribute and sometimes even lead to insufficient mental development. In the first place, they point out that the children of socially inferior surroundings are underfed, then, that during pregnancy, the mother of a poor environment is not only underfed, but also subjected to a series of physical strains of hard labor, and to maltreating as well. Apart from that, social inferiority is also expressed through the lack of information and the unpreparedness of the pregnant woman for childbirth, as well as for childbirth outside of organized delivery facilities. A special emphasis is placed on the unfavorable social factors in the postpartal period, which are expressed through the bad nursing, feeding and health care of the newborn. In further discourse, also considered are the immediate influences of social inferiority on the child at the time of starting school. Finally, the authors point to the possibilities of preventing unfavorable sociogenetic factors.

Child↗
PubMed1991

Influence of teeth loss on morphometric characteristics of the maxilla.

Using Martin and Saller's method in analyzing 90 skulls which belonged to adults of both sexes established are twelve basic morphometric characteristics of maxillas in the recent population of Croatia. Presented are differences in the morphology of dentate and edontulous jaws. Morphometric characteristics of maxillas in the recent population of Croatia do not significantly differ from maxillar characteristics of other white ethnic groups of the same absolute age. By the change of biomechanical conditions and interaction of forces caused by the loss of teeth, reabsorption of bones occurs. The alveolar process atrophies the first, causing the reduction in the maxillar length and width in the molar, as well as in the anterior part of the bone. Although the width of the palate is constant, the reduction of its length occurs. The foramen infraorbitale approaches the alveolar margin of the bone due to the reabsorption of the alveolar ridge, but its distance from the orbital edge gets reduced too, due to the overall atrophy the bone. Advancing of age, if not accompanied with the loss of teeth, does not significantly influence morphometric characteristics of the maxilla.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Post-vaccination reactions and complications of pertussis, diphtheria and tetanus vaccines].

Clinical manifestation of postvaccinal reactions and complications and the presence of sensibilizating antibodies to certain components of the applied vaccines was analyzed in 80 children immunized by Di-Te-Per, Di-Te or Te vaccine. Most children showed a mild reaction; concerning statistical significance it was most frequently limited to the site of the vaccine application if the immunization was performed by Di-Te and Te vaccines, as compared to the immunization by Di-Te-Per vaccine. Indirect basophil degranulation test revealed that 50% of the analyzed reactions were of allergic origin. Sensibilizating antibodies to pertussis antigen are statistically significantly more frequent than to other vaccinal antigens (diphtheria and tetanus toxoids) and additives contained in the vaccines (methiolate, sodium benzoate).

Child↗
PubMed1991

[The "Cradle" yesterday, today and tomorrow].

On the occasion of the 250th anniversary of the organized health care of the city of Subotica, the authors present the development as well as the present functions of the establishment for the care of little children, which exists for 100 years already and is undoubtedly meritorious for the people of this region, justifying it's existence since the time of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. This establishment has gone through many stages and hardships always sharing the destiny of the people it served. Today, it is a contemporary social institution with an extended service for the care of handicapped children also, now situated in a specially constructed building, but nevertheless with a whole array of problems, primarily of a financial nature, which are otherwise present in the whole of our society. The authors predict the further development of the institution from the standpoint of an already proven social benefit, and further on as an establishment for the care of small children, but with polyvalentness and elastic programs which will be a demand of the 21st century and of the exceptional dynamics of future human relations.

Child Health Services↗
PubMed1991

[Methodology in studying laterality in developmental neuropsychiatry].

The extent of literature and research dedicated to the laterality of cerebral functions and it's relation towards peripheral laterality gives the impression that this problem is precisely determined to a greater extent. The fact that can be accepted by the examination of literature is that the relation behavior (in the sense of acting)--brain (in the sense of a material determination of behavior itself) cannot be accepted as precisely determined or according to definition, not by nature nor by the mechanism of establishing this relation. From the perspective of the clinical viewpoint of the meaning of left-handedness the most acceptable is the theory of Satz Orsini and Sopper from 1986 in which they consider that non-righthanded people present a heterogenous group with a few individual sub-types: pathological lefthanded persons; ambivalent persons, in other words, ambidexters and the group of lefthanded persons by nature. On the basis of present neuropsychological research and in accordance with the psycho-neuro-vegetative approach to the semiotics of the developmental age of Popov et al., a complete battery is given which enables the neuropsychological analysis according to Orzbut's principals.

Dominance, Cerebral↗
PubMed1990

[Specific psychomotor organization in a child with phocomelia].

The authors follow the specific development of a child with phocomelia. Psychomotoric organization was analyzed in the period prior to starting school and before the child became literate. The existence of specific forms and outlines of catching movements was established. The lower extremities developed a compensatory--fine motorics mechanism of toe abduction. A drawing of a human figure expressed the specific experiencing of the body scheme as the "losing" of the upper extremities. Left-handedness was discovered. Typical difficulties exist in the forming of the number conception. Preparations are being done for the mastering of the use of the intelectual prosthesis-computer.

Child↗
PubMed1990

[Social tension--a factor in conversion. Case report].

Presented is a case of a girl of Albanian nationality, an adolescent, one of the ill in the group of "mass poisoned" in Kosovo, at the beginning of 1990. The up to then, completely healthy girl had repeated crises of the same type four times, with functional disorders. She was hospitalized at the request of her father in Novi Sad, at the Institute for Neurology and Psychiatry of the Developmental Age. The somatic and laboratory findings were within the average limits. The psychological tests indicated a person prone to conversive reacting in situations which she does not succeed to process emotionally in an adequate manner. Such a personality structure had the role of inducing a conversive atmosphere in the immediate school environment. The presented case has suggested that a low level of general culture and expected school knowledge primarily creates favorable grounds for massive hysterical occurrences.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Organic factors in behavior disorders in the developmental age].

The problem of bad behavior in the young is as old as the written history of mankind. It is always a current problem in a practical and theoretical sense as well. While everyday life is filled with various forms of criminal offense, drug addiction, the forming of gangs-especially in dynamic societies, theoretical opinions tend to oscillate between biological factors and the psychological-social ones which are always unsuitable for a person in the course of its development. The authors have presented a review of the basic theoretical directions, and after that the results of their own research. Children with behavior disorders were investigated: parallely by psychological-psychiatric investigation as well as with an up-to-date biological approach, examining subclinical semiotics, EEG and REG. On the basis of these comparisons we have come to the following principal opinions: the suggested psycho-neuro-vegetative subclinical syndrome, recommended by the same authors, does not take the behavior disorder upon itself. Also, not every behavior disorder includes the obligatory psycho-neuro-vegetative subclinical syndrome (PNVSS). Nevertheless, PNVSS presents a risk factor for behavior disorder, in the case that the personality in development is growing up under unfavorable psycho-social conditions. Finally, in the younger ages PNVSS, by its primary features, determines the behavior disorder also, while at an older age (after 11) behavior has all the more of an asocial and antisocial character.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

The role of orbital wall morphological properties and their supporting structures in the etiology of "blow-out" fractures.

The stiffness and strength of the orbital walls are proportionally dependent on the anatomical structures which support and strengthen these walls from the opposite side. The medial wall is therefore strong due to the support of ethmoid cells. The floor is stronger the less surface there is and the more supported it is by trabeculae of the maxillar sinus. The strength of the upper and lateral walls are proportional to their thickness. The orbital floor is on the average the weakest, followed by the medial and upper walls. The lateral wall is the stiffest and the most rigid. Computed tomography (CT) has improved structural analysis of the orbital contents and orbital walls enabling the visualisation of superficial and deep soft tissues and bone structures.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1989

[Injuries of the diaphragm].

Diaphragmal injuries are rare but serious. They are caused by traffic accidents, murder or suicide, fall from height, crush or blast injuries. Mechanisms of diaphragmal rupture may be various: sudden intraabdominal pressure increase, transferred strike force from pelvis (like "contra coup"), direct pressure on one or both hemitoracices, injuries piercing or sclopetar. Negative intraabdominal pressure is convenient for prolapse of abdominal organs into pleural cavity. Ruptures were more often of tendinous than muscular part of diaphragm, and they were more often on left side. Diaphragmal injuries can be: open--percutaneous (thoracoabdominal) and closed--subcutaneous. There are three types of thoracoabdominal injuries: thoracoabdominal, abdominothoracal and thoraco-retroperitoneal. Open diaphragm injuries are followed by shock, hemorrhages, cardiopulmonary disfunction, haematothoracic, peritonitis and other lesions. Closed diaphragmal injuries can be manifested clinically or latent. In the first stage of treatment there is a conservative approach (solving the shock) and in the second stage surgical approach. More often thoracotomy is better than laparotomy and the place of incision depends on localisation of injuries and clinical signs. During last 10 years we surgically treated 19 diaphragmal injuries with mortality rate of 15.9% (3). Most frequent causes of injuries were traffic accidents or sclopetar injury, and the predominant compression. Diaphragmal lesions were a part of thoracoabdominal injuries and politraumas with high mortality rate. The frequency of injuries of other abdominal organs was the following: spleen, lungs, liver, stomach, bowel, kidney, bladder, retroperitoneal blood vessels, legs, arms and pelvis. The treatment of diaphragmal injuries requires multidisciplinary, experienced surgery team with well equipped anaesthesiology and reanimation unit.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Changes in the clinical picture of chorea minor].

The paper dealt with the change in clinical picture of chorea minor. It used to be a very frequent disease but now it is all the rarer appearance and it always occurs as a complication of rheumatic disease. Except for its rarer frequency, once it has occurred it is more often complicated by cardiac incidents, the course of disease is longer and more resistant to therapy and is accompanied by psychic changes without frequent relapses observed in its previous appearances. Contemporary immunologic knowledge of this field has detected the complex neuroimmunologic changes taking place in CNS. According to the authors' opinion, modification of the clinical picture is the sequel of the broad application of antibiotics in general but the prevalence of chorea in girls keeps remaining unclear. However, there is no specific attritude toward neuroimmunologic mechanism so far, because previous knowledge of this problem is lacking.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Laterality in institutionalized patients with moderate, severe and very severe mental retardation and stereotyped behavior].

A total of 54 moderately (n = 13), more severely (n = 27) and severely (n = 14) mentally retarded persons living in institutions were dealt with in this paper. Qualities of their stereotyped actions were analysed and compared in respect to the used lateralization according to Cordić-Bojanin's modified scale and to Berg's scale for used lateralization. Results obtained pointed to the differences among stereotypes themselves in respect to the influence of social environment and the degree of retardation. Therefore, twisting of the body was regarded as the "mildest" form of retardation and passivity, while the motions of hands only were associated with the most severe ones. Used lateralization in the form of dextrality occurred in 62.96%, in the ambidextrality in 14.8% while sinistrality accounted for 22.2%. Right-handed persons most frequently showed stereotyped behaviour which was manifested by the forward-backward motion of the body, while left-handed persons showed stereotypes connected with hands. It was believed that the tonus which represented the termination of the voluntary action and the basis of the development of lateralization would be regarded as the connection between lateralization and stereotypes.

Adolescent↗