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Biomedical subjects

V P Chekhonin

Publications and source records attributed to V P Chekhonin.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2000

Catecholamines and their metabolites in the brain and urine of rats with experimental Parkinson's disease.

The content of catecholamines and their metabolites in the brain and the relationship between cerebral catecholamine levels and their urinary excretion were studied in rats with 6-OHDA-induced hemiparkinsonism. 6-OHDA reduced brain concentrations of dopamine, DOPAC, and homovanilic acid and urinary excretion of dopamine, dioxyphenilalanine, and DOPAC by more than 90%. A positive correlation was found between the concentrations of these metabolites in the urine and striatum. Measurement of urinary catecholamines and their metabolites is a perspective test for evaluating the status of the dopaminergic nigrosostriate system of the brain in experimental parkinsonism.

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗
PubMed2000

[Comparative clinico-immuno-chemical analysis of remittent and secondary-progressive course of multiple sclerosis].

Immunochemical monitoring of remittent and secondary-progressive course of multiple sclerosis (MS) was performed. Examination of 61 patients was performed during 3 years. Inflammatory cytokines: (IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, TNF-alpha), were measured in supernatants of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells while some neurospecific proteins (GFAP and alpha 2-GP), vesicular-cellular molecules of the adhesion (sVCAM-1) were estimated in blood serum. 50 healthy donors entered the control group. The results demonstrated a remaining functional tension of cell immunity and a decrease of the resistance of hematoencephalic barrier (HEB) at all MS stages. However, in secondary-progressive MS concentration of the sVCAM-1 in blood serum was elevated as compared with the control group, patients with remittent course and in clinical improvement. It is suggested that some functional alteration of HEB endothelium, manifest in constant pathologic expression of sVCAM-1 molecule, is one of the pathochemical mechanisms promoting progression of MS process.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Complex analysis of efficiency of transplantation of embryonic nerve tissue to rats with hemiparkinsonism.

Effect of transplantation of embryonic ventral mesencephalon preparation containing dopaminergic neurons on repair of the dopaminergic nigrostriatal system was studied in rats with hemiparkinsonism induced by 6-hydroxydopamine. Transplantation of embryonic ventral mesencephalon into denervated striatum led to a more than 50% decrease in apomorphine-induced rotation, recovery of dopamine and DOPAC levels in the brain, and to an increase in DOPAC excretion and the DOPAC-dopamine ratio in daily urine of rats with hemiparkinsonism. Dopaminergic neurons of the transplant survived, forming a network of tyrosine hydroxylase-positive processes growing beyond the transplant and reinnervating the adjacent compartments of the striatum. A positive correlation between urinary excretion of DOPAC and brain concentration of dopamine was revealed in denervated rats after transplantation of ventral mesencephalon. Intrastriatal transplantation of cell preparations of embryonic striatum containing no dopaminergic neurons and isolated local injury to the striatum did not affect regeneration of the denervated nigrostratal system.

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid↗
PubMed1999

[Clinical and immunological studies in borderline mental disorders: problems and solutions].

The study demonstrated that patients having an acute response to stress and those with adaptative disorders with prevailing short-term depressive disorders had certain immunological disorders. Therapy with tranquilizers indicated that they produced an inhibitory effect on T- and B-cell immunity, antibody formation and lymphokine production. Among the immunomodulating peptides myelopid, licopid, and Tactivin, the former was found to be the most effective against anxiety and fear while licopid was the most effective agent in the treatment of psychoasthenic disorders. The findings suggest that therapy with psychotropic peptides will open new vistas in treating mental disorders.

Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine↗
PubMed1999

[Clinical and immunochemical characteristics of remittent multiple sclerosis].

Immunochemical monitoring was used to examine 37 patients with remittent multiple sclerosis (MS) for 3 years. There were changes in the blood concentrations of the supernatants IL-1 beta, IL-2, IL-6, alpha-TNF, in the serum levels of the adhesion molecule sVCAM, the neurospecific proteins GFAP and alpha 2GP. Only does active MS show a simultaneous increase in the serum concentrations of SVCAM and GFAP and alpha 2GP, which may be used as a test for the objectification of MS aggravation, the efficiency of therapy. The revealed higher secretion of antiinflammatory of cytokines at all disease stages, no recovery of blood-brain barrier responsiveness and at remission provide evidence for the likelihood of a permanent immunopathological process in MS with prevailing inflammatory and destructive changes during a clinical exacerbation and of the induction of active astrogliosis at its remission.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

[Nerve tissue-specific proteins in the assessment of the permeability of the hemato-encephalic barrier in comatose states in children].

The role of functional state of hematoencephalic barrier (HEB) was estimated in terms of development of pathological process in coma. The quantitative determination of neurospecific protein (NSP), exactly of alpha 1 and of alpha 2 cerebral globulins (produced by astrocytes and oligodendroglial cells) was used for estimation of HEB state. The clinical examination of 138 children in comatose state caused by different factor (meningitis, encephalitis, cerebrocranial trauma, infectious toxicosis) was performed. Enzyme immuno-assay of alpha 1 and of alpha 2 cerebral globulins allowed to control HEB's functional state objectively in "brain-blood" direction: in cases of alteration of HEB's function the autoantibodies to NSP may penetrate into cerebral tissue and cause nonspecific reaction in form of edema or inflammation. The membrane stabilizing effect of Dexamethazone was established.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1996

[The use of serpens for treating patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia].

320 mg of serpense was given daily to 24 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) for 2 months. Control check-ups were performed each 30 days. The effect was judged by the patient's condition (I-PSS), quality of life, residual urine, the gland size, urodynamic picture and level of prostatic specific antigen (PSA). The response of BPH to serpense was noticeable, especially at the first stage of the disease (66.7%). Reduced serum PSA in serpense-treated patients may be explained by peripheral selective inhibition of 5 alpha-reductase or, rather, by anti-inflammatory action of the drug. Antidropsical and antiinflammatory actions of serpense suggest its possible efficacy in chronic prostatitis.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

Transport of hydrophobized fragments of antibodies through the blood-brain barrier.

Hydrophobized and non-hydrophobized Fab fragments of human antibodies against gliofibrillar acid protein (GFAP) and brain specific alpha 2-glycoprotein (alpha 2GP) were used to study their penetration through the blood-brain barrier (BBB). These Fab fragments were modified by stearoyl chloride in reversed micelles of aerosol OT in octane (one or two fatty acid residues attached to protein molecule). Modified and non-modified 125I-labelled Fab fragments were intracardially administered to rats. The amount of label accumulated in brain was 55% higher than the total amount in all other organs. In contrast, non-hydrophobized Fab fragments did not penetrate through the BBB. We assume that the artificial hydrophobization of Fab fragments can increase their capability to penetrate through the cell membranes and, in particular, the BBB.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[An immunoenzyme analysis of the neurospecific proteins in the blood serum of epilepsy patients].

Serum levels of glyofibrillar acid protein (GFAP), alpha-2 glycoprotein (A2GP), alpha-1 brain globulin (A1BG), alpha-2 brain globulin (A2BG) were measured in 41 epileptic patients (2 groups--with convulsive and non-convulsive forms of the disease) with the help of "sandwich" variant of enzyme immunoassay and double-centered enzyme immunoassay on the basis of column immunosorption chromatography. Investigations were performed in the interval from the first to the 30th day after the fit. The level of at least one of neurospecific proteins was elevated in 65.2% of patients. The same changes were revealed in one third of patients during the period of 30 days. Frequency discovering of A1BG as compared to A2GP was significantly lower only in patients with convulsive epilepsy. It allowed the authors to suggest, that serum antigenic levels in patients with various forms of epilepsy were different.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1995

[Resistance of the hemato-encephalic barrier in tick-borne neural infection (Lyme disease and tick-borne encephalitis)].

The dynamic state of hematoencephalic barrier (HEB) was estimated in Russian tick-borne encephalitic (RTBE) and in meningeal syndrome (Lyme's disease, LD). The enzyme immunoassays of neurospecific proteins in blood serum such as alpha 1-BG and enolase (NSE) were performed in the course of disease. The break of HEB at blood-brain direction was proved in patients with RTBE and LD for the proteins mentioned above. The blood serum NSE levels as well as their dynamics confirmed the functional alteration of brain neurons' permeability in LD and pronounced destruction of such neurons in RTBE. The acute increase of blood NSE concentration was observed within some days before the development of clinical signs of paresis. The authors suppose that the enzyme immunoassays of neurospecific proteins which are of rather high value for HEB permeability and neuronal destruction control may be successfully applied in monitoring of both therapy's efficacy and individualization of pharmacotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

The changes in the permeability of the blood-brain barrier when under neurosurgical intervention.

The aim of this research was to determine the influence of anesthesia, drugs, and neurosurgical trauma on the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) for macromolecules. Protein markers of oligodendrocytes and astroglia were used. The research methods were unique. Two groups of patients were formed: with neurosurgical brain trauma and without it. Everyone in both groups was subjected to anesthesia. The results were unexpected and did not depend on surgery: 1. Neurosurgical brain trauma did not change the permeability of BBB. 2. Anesthesia resulted in increasing permeability of BBB with peak upon 24-48 h. 3. High blood levels of neurospecific proteins proved protein synthesis in glial cells. 4. Massive transferring of brain antigens into blood did not stimulate antibody synthesis during a period of 21 d. According to the high blood levels of neural proteins, the antigen-antibody reaction took place in blood and autoimmune complexes were eliminated before penetration into the brain. A new mechanism of brain autoimmune safety is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Identification, purification and physico-chemical properties of neurospecific alpha 1-globulin].

The partially purified and concentrated 500-600-folds protein fraction has been obtained from human brain extract. This protein fraction was used for the immunization of rabbits. The corresponding anti-sera have the potency to detect the brain specific alpha 1-globulin, which is not identical to known cytoplasmatic brain specific protein. These antisera were used for the control of the antigen purification procedure which included ion-exchange, affinity and hydropho'ic chromatography, gel-filtration and isochromatofocusing. The antigen, purified to the homogeneity, has the electrophoretic mobility of the alpha 1-globulins, M(r) = 110-10 kD, and isoelectric point at pH 2.9-3.1.

Alpha-Globulins↗
PubMed1991

Fatty acid acylated Fab-fragments of antibodies to neurospecific proteins as carriers for neuroleptic targeted delivery in brain.

A method for targeted delivery of neuroleptics from blood in brain based on using Fab-fragments of antibodies to antigens of brain glia cells (acid gliofibrillar antigen and alpha 2-glycoprotein) is suggested. The essence of the technique is that the molecule of neuroleptic (trifluoperazine) is conjugated with Fab-fragments of these antibodies. The conjugate thus obtained is modified by stearoylchloride in the system of Aerosol OT reversed micelles in octane. The study of the distribution of 125I-labelled conjugates in the rat organism after intracordial introduction is performed. On the contrary to the nonmodified conjugates and conjugate, containing fatty acylated Fab-fragments of antibodies, nonspecific to the rat brain, the conjugate of trifluoperazine with stearoylated Fab-fragments of antibodies to neurospecific antigens accumulate in brain tissues. The drastic increase of the neuroleptic activity of trifluoperazine resulting from its coupling with stearoylated Fab-fragments of antiglial antibodies is observed.

Acylation↗