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Biomedical subjects

V P Iakovlev

Publications and source records attributed to V P Iakovlev.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

[Use of a new drug, lomefloxacin (maxaquin), from the fluoroquinolone group in the treatment of patients with wound infection].

A clinicolaboratory study on the efficacy of lomefloxacin (maxaquin, Searle, USA) was carried out in the treatment of 31 patients with wound infections. In the complex therapy the clinical efficacy of the drug amounted to 96.7 per cent and its bacteriological activity reached 64.6 per cent. The drug tolerance in the majority of the cases was good. Only in one patient an allergic reaction in the form of multiple skin eruption on the 6th day of the treatment was recorded. One patient showed an insignificant increase in the level of alanine aminotransferase not accompanied by any signs of hepatic insufficiency.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

[Ofloxacin in the comprehensive therapy of complicated forms of wound infection].

A 5-year experience with the use of ofloxacin in the complex treatment of complicated wound infections showed that the drug had a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity, was not toxic and well tolerated by the patients. The side effects were extremely rare. The antimicrobial activity of ofloxacin after its clinical use for 5 years did not practically change. The drug clinical and bacteriological efficacy in different groups of the patients ranged within 85-91 and 74-80 per cent respectively depending on the process severity. The failure of the therapy was as a rule associated with an insufficient surgical treatment of the purulent foci. It was more frequent in the patients with arteriosclerotic and diabetic gangrene of the lower extremities when due to various reasons the initial surgical operations were not radical. The short treatment courses (for not more than 5-7 days) or an early use of the drug tablets instead of the intravenous injections resulted from an insufficient experience with ofloxacin during the first years of its use. Such an unjustified tactics did not provide stable elimination of the pathogen. Our experience with ofloxacin in the treatment of various groups of patients with wound infections demonstrated that it should be considered as a reserve drug for the treatment of cases with complicated wound infections accompanied by infections of the respiratory and uropoietic organs requiring a long-term antibacterial therapy in hospitals and outpatient departments.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1993

[A new method of antibiotic prophylaxis in liver surgery].

Ninety patients with focal affections of the liver were followed up. The patients were operated on the liver and treated therapeutically and prophylactically by means of the target-aimed release of antibiotics in erythrocyte ghosts. The antibiotics used were gentamicin and aztreonam. The results of the clinico-laboratory examinations showed that the target-aimed transport of the antibiotics in erythrocyte ghosts provided a 9-fold increase of the antibiotic level in bile and its 2-fold increase in the liver tissue. The time of the drug retention in the body fluids and tissues increased 2 times as compared to that provided by the routine treatment. The incidence of the postoperative purulent complications decreased 3 times. Such an effect is likely due not only to the target-aimed release of the drugs but also to the possible immunomodulating action of the prophylactic procedure used for preventing the complications that prevented as well the development of severe postoperative immune deficiency. Aztreonam proved to be more efficient in the prophylaxis of the postoperative complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Aztreonam].

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Aztreonam↗
PubMed1991

[Ciprofloxacin in the prevention and treatment of surgical infections].

A clinico-laboratory study on ciprofloxacin made by Bayer (Germany) was applied to patients with extended posttraumatic wounds and performed with the aim of preventing postoperative purulent complications in patients operated on the organs of the gastrointestinal tract. In the both groups ciprofloxacin was administered orally in doses of 500 and 1000 mg and intravenously in a dose of 200 mg. The results of the assay on ciprofloxacin sensitivity of the isolates from the wound excretion and urine showed that they were more sensitive to ciprofloxacin than to aminoglycosides and cephalosporins. 15 minutes after the intravenous administration the serum concentration of ciprofloxacin amounted to 7.5 +/- 0.9 micrograms/ml and in 6 hours it was equal to 0.45 +/- 0.45 micrograms/ml, the mean concentrations of ciprofloxacin being attained in the bile (8.7 +/- +/- 3.9 micrograms/ml), gallbladder wall (5.5 +/- 3.8 micrograms/g), liver (0.73 micrograms/g), muscles (1.93 micrograms/g) and tendon (0.15 microgram/g). After the oral administration in a dose of 500 mg ciprofloxacin was detected in the blood serum in an amount of 2.0 +/- 0.7 micrograms/ml in 1 hour and in an amount of 0.9 +/- 0.13 micrograms/ml in 6 hours. After the drug oral administration in a dose of 1000 mg the maximum concentrations were: 6.34 +/- 4.2 micrograms/ml on the average and 2.1 +/- 0.8 micrograms/ml in 6 hours (0.4 micrograms/g in the muscles, 1.4 micrograms/g in the skin and 0.34 micrograms/g in the bones). The study showed that ciprofloxacin was a highly efficient antimicrobial agent in the treatment of the complicated wound infections and the prophylaxis of the purulent complications during the postoperative period in the patients operated on gastrointestinal organs.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1989

[Empirical antibiotic therapy of wounds complicated by anaerobic non-clostridial infection].

Antibacterial activity of 14 drugs against clinical strains of asporogenic anaerobes causing wound infections in the soft tissues i. e. Bacteroides fragilis and Bacteroides melaninogenicus as well as anaerobic gram-positive++ cocci was assayed with the method of serial dilutions in agar. It was shown that among the investigated species B. fragilis had the most marked resistance since out of the 14 drugs only 8 were sufficiently active against it i.e. carbenicillin, levomycetin, lincomycin, dioxidine, metronidazole, thinidazole, nitrazole and erythromycin. The choice of drugs for treating infections caused by B. melaninogenicus and anaerobic grampositive cocci unlike those caused by B. fragilis offered no difficulty since practically++ all the investigated drugs were highly active against the causative agents. There was observed relationship between the frequency of asporogenic anaerobes and the wound genesis. The characteristic features of the species composition connected with localization of the suppurative foci were indicated. The detected specific antimicrobial profiles of the asporogenic anaerobes causing wound infections and the peculiarity of their participation in development of purulent infections of the soft tissues provided a differential approach to empirical antibacterial therapy prior to the pathogen bacteriological investigation and availability of the antibioticograms.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1988

[Effect of sulfalene and furosemide on benzylpenicillin kinetics in rats with aseptic inflammation].

The effect of sulfalen and furosemide on benzylpenicillin kinetics in blood serum, intact tissues and aseptic inflammation foci was studied on rats. It was shown that under the action of sulfalen and furosemide protein binding of benzylpenicillin lowered by 30 per cent. The changes in the antibiotic kinetics after combined use with sulfalen and furosemide were of the same type: markedly increased concentrations in blood serum and tissues and retarded elimination.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Interactions of sulfanilamides, penicillins and acetylsalicylic acid in serum protein binding].

Combined use of sulfalen and sulfadimethoxine with benzylpenicillin and ampicillin resulted in increased binding of sulfalen to serum proteins of man. Acetylsalicylic acid promoted a decrease in the sulfanilamide binding to the serum proteins. The observed changes in the sulfanilamide binding to proteins of human blood serum were due to increased or decreased affinity of the drugs to the protein molecules.

Aspirin↗