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Biomedical subjects

V P Kiselev

Publications and source records attributed to V P Kiselev.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1995

[Treatment of closed fractures in children].

The principles of treatment of bone fractures in children differ from those in adults and are determined by the morphofunctional features of the growing and developing child organism: the anatomo-physiological peculiarities of the structure and blood supply of the bone of a child, the high regenerative possibilities, the capability for self-correction of some types of residual displacement during growth. Peculiar types of bone injuries occur in childhood which are not encountered in adults. These are subperiosteal linear and folded fractures, fractures of the green stick type, damage to the growth zones (epiphyseolysis and osteo-epiphyseolysis), etc. The localization of the fracture and the size (degree) of displacement of the fragments are very important in the choice of the therapeutic tactics. Predominantly qualitative appraisal of the displacement suffices in metaphyseal and diaphyseal fracture and in injury to the growth zones (extra-articular fracture). Quantitative appraisal of the size of the displacement is advisable in intra-articular fractures, for which the techniques are suggested. Four degrees of fragment displacement are distinguished. Depending on the localization and character of the fracture and the size of the displacement of the fragments, conservative, active surgical, and operative therapeutic tactics may be chosen according to strictly differentiated indications. Each of them includes various methods of fracture management.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1991

[Treatment of fractures of long tubular bones in children using a compression-distraction rod device].

The article deals with the treatment of fractures of the long tubular bones in children by means of a rod device produced by the M. I. Sitenko Kharkov Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics. It analyses some experience in the use of a compression-distraction rod device in 40 children (25 with fracture of the femur, 10 with fractures of the leg bones, 5 with fracture of the humerus). The advantages of rod devices over the other methods of treatment (pin apparatus, skeletal traction, intramedullary osteosynthesis) are shown, in the management of femoral fractures in particular. The authors consider the simplicity and easiness of the design and the possibility of rapid and bloodless installation and subsequent activation of the patient to be the main advantages of the rod device. The indications for application of the rod device were as follows: fractures which were difficult for reduction, open fractures, neglected fractures with the callus forming in improper position of the fragments, the need to perform an emergency operation on the viscera in polytrauma, delayed consolidation. Examples are given of successful treatment of patients 3 to 14 years of age. The method for applying the rod device is described as well as the possibility of expanding the volume of the reduction by using a reducing unit from the Volkov-Oganesyan apparatus together with a reducing unit from the apparatus. The possible complications which may occur in application of the apparatus and the means for overcoming them are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

[Criteria for evaluating the severity of craniocerebral trauma in children].

The article discusses the total results of multifactorial analysis of observations over 16,000 children with isolated and more than 400 with combined craniocerebral trauma (CCT) in the light of the peculiarities of the child age and the current trends in studying the problem in the Soviet Union and other countries. From these standpoints, the author first gives a clinicomorphological characterization of CCT types in children, deals with the methods and prospects of objectivication of the evaluation of the severity of isolated and combined CCT, extracranial local injuries in polytrauma, totally determining the severity of the general condition and the efficacy and prognosis of the diagnostic and therapeutic measures. Original methods for quantitative evaluation of the degree of severity of the trauma, which were developed in the clinic, are described. A variety of the clinical CCT forms and the possible variants of the concomitant injuries are systematized in a CCT classification approximated maximally to the solution of practical problems under different conditions, including extreme conditions in mass injuries. For this purpose, the author uses conventional designations for the main gradients of the pathophysiological reactions of the child's organism depending on the location and severity of the concrete damages and the general condition, making a coded recording of the diagnosis possible, which makes easier the sorting out and registration of the patients and orientation as regards the order in which aid should be given and the volume of the therapeutic and diagnostic programs with the use of computers. The patients were subjected to general clinical examination and laboratory tests, as well as special methods of examination (radiography, ultrasonic study, angiography, circulography, computed tomography, etc.). Importance was attached to the results of histological study and the reports of the forensic medical examination committee.

Brain Injuries↗