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Biomedical subjects

V P Lebedev

Publications and source records attributed to V P Lebedev.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Transcranial electrical stimulation activates the reparative regeneration and insulin-producing function of beta-cells in alloxan-induced diabetic rats].

In alloxan-induced diabetic rats, it was demonstrated that transcranial electrical stimulation of the brain endorphinergic structures activated the reparative regeneration of the damaged beta-cells of the Langerhans pancreatic islets. This was estimated on the histological sections of pancreas with hematoxylin-eosin staining. Several small newborn islets were found to originate from pancreatic progenitor cells. After transcranial electrical stimulation of insulin granules, beta-cells (Gomori's staining) were observed as an indication of the restoration of the insulin production. Correspondingly the increase of the blood insulin level was estimated by immune-enzyme method. The dynamics of the plasma insulin increase had a significant negative correlation with decrease of the blood glucose level. The glucose-lowering action of the transcranial electrical stimulation in alloxan-induced diabetic rats seems to be based on stimulation of the regeneration of damaged beta-cells with the restoration of their insulin production.

Alloxan↗
PubMed2000

[Effect of the transcranial electrical stimulation of the endorphinergic brain structures on the functional activity of hepatocytes after toxic exposure].

Biochemical events of the rat hepatocytes cytolysis and deterioration of their synthetic activity and detoxification ability, as well as morphological events of lipid degeneration after acute poisoning with dichloretane and CCl4, were significantly reduced by effects of transcranial stimulation (TES). Blockade of the TES effects with naloxone revealed its endorphinergic nature. Combined effects of the TES and Essenciale preparation were lower than separate those of these agents. The TES effects were clinically corroborated in treatment of toxic hepatitis.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

Imaging of current density and current pathways in rabbit brain during transcranial electrostimulation.

A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) method was used for a noninvasive study of current density (CD) and current pathways (CP's) inside the skull during transcranial electrostimulation in rabbits. The transcranial impulse current directions studied were those previously used in transcranial electric treatment either sagittally or bilaterally. MRI data were collected from slices perpendicular to the direction of current application. In these slices, only the perpendicular component of the CD was measured. Computer methods for accurate topographic mapping of the main areas with high CD and for reconstruction of CP's are described. It was revealed that current applied on the head sagittally passed mostly through the cerebrospinal fluid in the basal brain cisternas connected in series, and through the anterior horns of the lateral ventricles, foramina of Monro, ventrocaudal part of the third ventricle, aqueductus, and fourth ventricle. Possible connections between these CP's are suggested. Bilaterally applied current passed through the brain and skull core more diffusely without concentrations in cisternas and ventricles. The results of the present study suggest an explanation for the observation that sagittally applied current more effectively stimulates brain structures with antinociceptive function and elicits more pronounced analgesic effect.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

[The participation of the serotonin link in the neurochemical mechanism of transcranial electroanalgesia].

Metergoline and 5, 7-dihydroxytryptamine were found to suppress and to prevent an electroanalgesic effect, resp. An increase in the serotonine contents in the CSF after electroanalgesia suggests an activation of the brain serotoninergic system. DL-5-hydroxytryptophan and allopurinol enhanced the electroanalgetic effect. The data obtained suggests an existence of a serotoninergic component of the transcranial electroanalgesia mechanism.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

[The effect of transcranial electrostimulation in an analgesic regimen on somatosympathetic reflexes].

The mechanisms of inhibitory effect of transcranial electrostimulation in analgesic regime on blood pressor nociceptive reflexes were studied in experiments in rabbits and cats. Considerable inhibition of the late (bulbar) somato-sympathetic reflexes and spino-bulbo-spinal somato-somatic reflexes as well was demonstrated. The probable basis of sympatho-inhibition during transcranial electrical stimulation is a reduction of excitatory input to bulbar sympathoexcitatory neurons. It was revealed in experiments with inhibition of sympatho-excitation elicited by temporal brain ischaemia and local electrical stimulation of different bulbar ventrolateral vasomotor zones. The role of periaqueductal gray activated by transcranial electrical stimulation as a source of inhibition and its opioid mechanisms are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

The administration of transcranial electric treatment for affective disturbances therapy in alcoholic patients.

In a double blind placebo-controlled investigation it was shown that transcranial electric treatment (TET), comprising the combination of a constant current with a pulse current of square impulses of 70-80 Hz is an effective method to correct affective disturbances (anxiety, depression) in alcoholic patients. The medical effects of TET are accompanied by changes in the metabolism of GABA and monoamines, but not of beta-endorphin, and also by a decrease in the latency of alpha-rhythm appearance after closing of the eyes.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[One of the methods of treatment of affective disorders in patients with alcoholism].

It has been demonstrated by a double blind placebo-controlled study that transcranial electric treatment (TET) by means of combination of direct current and pulse current and pulse current at a frequency of 70-80 Hz is an effective method of correcting affective disorders (anxiety, depressions) in patients suffering from alcoholism. The therapeutic effects of TET are coupled with changes in GABA and monoamine metabolism rather than in beta-endorphin as well as with a decrease of the latent period of the occurrence of alpha-rhythm after eyes closing.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Transcranial electric stimulation therapy in the treatment of neurocirculatory asthenia].

Transcranial electric stimulation (TES), a combination of direct and pulse current totally up to 5 mA, rectangular impulses lasting 3-4 ms at a frequency of 75-80 Mz, via frontal and retromastoid electrodes was carried out for 30 minutes every other day. The treatment consisted of 7 to 10 sessions. Overall 189 patients suffering from vegetovascular dystonia were examined. Of these, 114 persons (group I) received pharmacotherapy and TES, 61 TES (group II), and 14 were on placebo. 83% of the group I patients and 80.3% of the group II patients manifested an appreciable improvement of the well-being which was supported by the data of its general estimation. 22 patients were examined for blood beta-endorphin. It has been shown that its concentration increased and returned to normal during TES.

Brain Injuries↗
PubMed1991

[Nonspecific resistance of the body to transcranial electric stimulation in the analgesia regimen].

The authors studied the level of proteins in the acute phase of inflammation and the level of glucocorticoid hormones, the leukocyte composition, the functional activity of the peripheral blood phagocytes, and the body temperature in rabbits under normal conditions and in subcutaneous turpentine injection in transcranial electric stimulation in the analgesia regimen. Changes of the studied parameters and activation of the mechanisms of the organism's nonspecific resistance occurred on a model of aseptic inflammation. It is suggested that endogenous opioid peptides play a significant role in these changes.

Analgesia↗
PubMed1990

[Skin mechanoreceptor functioning in the white rat during transcranial electrostimulation].

Functional properties of skin afferents were studied by the method of registration of spike activity from single nerve fibres, innervated non-hairy skin in white rats. It was found that mechanoreceptor units varied by the threshold intensity of applied stimulus. These units were divided to three functional groups: low-, medium- and high-threshold units. Transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) strongly affected on the functional characteristics of skin afferents. Full suppression of responses was observed in 18-20 min. irrespective of the category of units. A local intracutaneous injection of naloxon eliminated the effect of TES. It is supposed that endogenous opioid peptides regulate an afferent discharge on the level of sensory endings during TES.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

[The role of opisthorchiasis in the development of gastroduodenal pathology in young people. Its prevention and rehabilitation].

A comprehensive examination and follow-up of 400 men aged 18 to 30 years have demonstrated that opisthorchiasis leads sooner or later to functional and morphological alterations in the gastroduodenal system. Their onset and intensity are determined by immunobiological responsiveness of the body and invasion duration. Early diagnosis, multimodality treatment including anthelminthic drugs, and rehabilitation measures enable gastroduodenal pathology to be prevented or reduced.

Adolescent↗