Biomedical subjects

V P Zharov

Publications and source records attributed to V P Zharov.

12 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2005

Monitoring of nicotine impact in microlymphatics of rat mesentery with time-resolved microscopy.

The aim of the study was to evaluate nicotine-induced microlymphatic responses in rat mesentery in vivo with time-resolved transmission microscopy. Male Fisher rats weighing 150-200 g were used in all experiments. The experiments revealed that changes of lymphatic function under direct nicotine impact (continuous topical application of nicotine in the concentration ranges of 0.001 mM, 10 mM and 100 mM for 15 minutes) were dose- and time-dependent. A nicotine dose of 10 mM caused an immediate short-term constriction of 100% of lymphangions. At the highest concentration of nicotine (100 mM), similar constriction as well as inhibition of lymph flow, local stable constriction of lymph microvessels, stasis in blood microvessels, and disturbances of respiration were observed. Application of chronic nicotine (0.23 ml from a 10 mM solution) injection for 14 days via a miniosmotic pump did not substantially change the function of lymphatic and blood microvessels. Our data show for the first time that the acute effect of nicotine is accompanied by significant changes in microlymphatic function. We conclude that the observed effects are due to the direct action of nicotine on lymphatics. The mechanism by which nicotine induces this response remains to be investigated further.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

Design and application of low-frequency ultrasound and its combination with laser radiation in surgery and therapy.

Further development of combined laser-ultrasonic medical technologies is presented. An analysis is made of the main effects produced by low-frequency ultrasound on biological tissues. These effects include cavitation, acoustic streamings, acoustic pressure, and mechanical influence. Possible application of low-frequency ultrasound is considered in regard to tumor therapy, bactericidal treatment of infectious tissues, and spray treatment of head and neck wounds. Some limitations of ultrasound application in medicine are discussed, and the feasibility of combining laser radiation with ultrasound is studied. A number of new laser-ultrasonic combinations are put forward and developed. They embrace the combination of photodynamic therapy with ultrasonic tumor therapy (sonophotodynamic therapy), laser-ultrasonic wound treatment (spray treatment), and laser-ultrasonic drug delivery (photophonophoresis). Some of the above-mentioned technologies were tested experimentally, and the results obtained are considered.

Combined Modality Therapy↗

PubMed2001

Methods for photoultrasonic treatment of festering wounds in oncological patients.

This article presents further developments of photoultrasonic medical technology. It also analyzes its major effects and considers the most promising application of this combined technology in medicine, with particular emphasis given to the bactericidal treatment of infectious wounds. Moreover, this article describes the preliminary experimental results of the aforementioned technology.

Animals↗

PubMed2001

Laser non-contact drug delivery methods: mathematical and experimental substantiation.

This article outlines the existing methods for parenteral drug delivery. It also presents novel alternative methods based on laser technologies, namely laser impregnation and laser injection. A mathematical model is constructed to calculate laser impregnator's technical parameters, such as the energy density of laser radiation, pulse duration, and pulse repetition frequency. This model also makes it possible to estimate the increase in the diffusion rate of drug preparations when they are impregnated through multilayer structures, such as the skin. Moreover, this article presents experimental results on Er:YAG laser injection of various drug media, such as spirit solutions, aqueous solutions, and ointments. These preparations were injected into gelatinous gel and autopsy skin samples. Possible clinical application is considered for these laser transcutaneous drug delivery methods.

Administration, Cutaneous↗

PubMed1998

Laser ultrasonic transport of drugs in living tissues.

This paper deals with non-invasive erbium: yttrium aluminium garnet (Er:YAG) laser drug delivery methods, i.e. laser optoacoustic (OA) impregnation, enhanced laser OA impregnation, laser injection, and laser OA injection. Preliminary in vitro experiments on stratum corneum laser ablation, enhanced diffusion, brilliant green laser injection into both gelatinous gel and an autopsy piglet skin, and research on laser OA injection have been conducted. The vacuum suction mechanism of laser drug injection is discussed.

Administration, Topical↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Basic problems of staff training in medical engineering management at the N.E, Bauman Moscow State Engineering University].

The topicality of staff training in medical engineering management in the sphere of medicine and medical engineering is dictated by that the substantiated and flexible strategy in purchasing foreign medical equipment and drugs and supporting purely Russian biomedical technologies must be one of the first steps of health public reforms in Russia. As early as 1992, the N. E. Bauman Moscow State Engineering University was the first that organize to train staff in business and management in biomedical engineering and health public. The accumulated experiment was put in the development of new curricula by the supplementary education system. Interdisciplinary training in medical engineering marketing and management was organized, thus providing both additional education for specialists having complete and incomplete higher education who received diplomas of a management bachelor or master and through training of students who got diplomas of an engineer and diplomas of a management bachelor at the international level.

Biomedical Engineering↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[A view on training clinical engineers].

Experience in using a new developed method for training engineers who get an additional secondary medical education is considered. The results of interaction of the N. E. Bauman Moscow State Engineering University and Moscow Medical College No. 1 in applying the method are presented. The advantages and prospects of the combined training method are discussed. Priority problems of Russian public health service facing postgraduate who get double education are revealed.

Curriculum↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of photo-ultrasound technology in the treatment of infected wounds].

The paper details three of the technologies used in the treatment of infected wounds (ultrasound, photodynamic, photomatrix ones) with emphasis on the authors' developed combined photo ultrasound technique. It presents the results of clinical application of these technologies, discusses its capacities, limitations, and prospects alone and in combination. The high efficiency of combined exposure--the photo ultrasound method--is shown.

Combined Modality Therapy↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Development of an algorithm for spatial distribution of the radiation intensity from photometric therapeutic devices].

An algorithm for calculating the spatial distribution of radiation intensity from type-transparency matrix therapeutical apparatuses based on superbright light-emitting diodes is considered. The method developed takes into account the geometric and topological features of both radiation sources themselves and irradiated surfaces. The algorithm proposed is important in solving the problems of dosimetry of light therapeutical apparatuses already used in medical practice and those under design.

Algorithms↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[A combined method for wound treatment based on low intensity irradiation and ultrasound ].

A new combined photoultrasonic technique is suggested for the treatment of infectious injuries. The experiments were implemented on 70 male chinchilla rabbits (7 groups). The dynamics and nature of injuries' healing were analyzed by clinical pathomorphological and histochemical data as well as by biopsy samplings and capillaroscopy of injuries' edges. The experimental results of animals' models demonstrated a high efficiency of the combined photoultrasonic treatment as applicable to the above injuries.

Animals↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Experience in the development of the therapeutic photomatrix equipment].

The goal of this work was to generalize and analyze the experience in development of therapeutic photomatrix systems (TPMS), as well as their modifications combining photomatrix treatment with exposure to other physical factors. Typical models of TPMS-based equipment and their technical characteristics are considered.

Equipment Design↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Basic principles and characteristics of transcutaneous "reflective" oximetry].

The papers considers the main methods of mathematical description of light-biological tissue interactions in the context of problems of transcutaneous reflective oximetry. Provides a review of the most significant studies which have been recently performed in this field. By using them as an example, the paper analyzes the most serious problems arising in designing reflective oximeters and the main ways to solve them. The paper also discusses the advantages of the reflective oximeter and prospects for their development.

Blood Gas Monitoring, Transcutaneous↗