Pourfour Du Petit syndrome--hypersympathetic dysfunctional state following a direct non-penetrating injury to the cervical sympathetic chain and brachial plexus.
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Adult↗
Biomedical subjects
V Pallares
Publications and source records attributed to V Pallares.
Pentolinium for control of reflex hypertension in spinal cord injured patients.
Ganglioplegia was produced by intravenous infusion of pentolinium tartrate 5 mg to control reflex hypertension in 29 patients with chronic spinal cord injuries undergoing 32 elective surgical procedures. The patient group with lesions above the first thoracic segment (T1) demonstrated significant but moderate intraoperative elevation of both systolic and diastolic pressure whether pentolinium was given prior to or during surgical stimulation. Patients with lesions below T1 had no significant pressure elevations with either mode of therapy. Pentolinium ganglioplegia can safely maintain blood pressure within reasonable limits in these patients; some increase in dosage may be required in patients with lesions above T1.
Adolescent↗
Autonomic hyperreflexia: intraoperative control with pentolinium tartrate.
Autonomic hyperreflexia (AH) is a clinical syndrome associated with the development of severe hypertension. It usually occurs in patients with high-level chronic spinal cord injury, and in response to stimuli associated with the distension of a hollow viscus. Protection against AH by the prophylactic use of pentolinium tartrate (Ansolysen) in doses of 10-15 mg was evaluated in a controlled study of unanaesthetized patients who were either quadriplegic or paraplegic and who were undergoing rectal and bladder surgical procedures. When compared with the control group, the systolic and diastolic arterial pressures during operation were significantly less (P less than 0.05) and remained near normal in the pretreated patients. The use of pentolinium to prevent or control AH during surgical procedures in patients with chronic spinal cord damage is a simple alternative to spinal or general anaesthesia.
Adult↗
Effect of thymectomy on lymphocyte subpopulations in the pig. Demonstration of a thymus-dependent 'null' cell.
Thymectomy in neonatal pigs results in marked lymphopenia. Surface Ig immunofluorescence, Fc rosettes and SRBC rosettes have been used to identify blood lymphocyte subpopulations. There was no marked reduction in numbers of cells in these subpopulations after thymectomy, although their proportion increased. This change was explained by a 90% reduction in 'null' lymphocytes, defined as those lacking sIg and Dextran SRBC receptor, which comprised 30-45% of blood lymphocytes.
Animals↗
Autonomic hyperreflexia: a review.
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Adult↗
Continuous brachial plexus block for prolonged sympathectomy and control of pain.
An anesthetic technic for long-term analgesia and sympathectomy for upper extremity vascular accident was successfully employed in 3 patients. Narcotics were not required during this period. Neurological complications, local bleeding, and hematoma were not detected even though 2 patients were heparinized.
Adult↗
Hypotensive anesthesia and autotransfusion in spinal surgery.
Sixty-eight (68) spinal operations performed under normotensive anesthesia were compared with 77 procedures performed under controlled hypotensive anesthesia. Procedures reviewed included Harrington instrumentation and fusion, dorsal arch resection, laminectomies and other spinal fusions. Intraoperative and postoperative blood loss and blood replacement were found to be reduced by approximately 50% in the group undergoing controlled hypotensive anesthesia for each procedure reviewed. This reduction in blood loss was achieved with only a moderate reduction in blood pressure (20 mm Hg systolic). Reduction in systolic blood pressure of greater than 20 mm was not associated with greater reduction in blood loss. Deliberate hypotension was coupled with hemodilution, lowering the hematocrit to 28% to 30% in order to increase cardiac output, increase tissue perfusion and decrease venous stasis. Autotransfusion has further reduced the need for homologous transfusion such that the combined techniques of hypotension and autotransfusion can eliminate the need for homologous blood transfusion in all but the most unusual cases.
Blood Pressure↗