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Biomedical subjects

V Pless

Publications and source records attributed to V Pless.

9 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1994

Enhancement of the stimulatory effect of calcium on aldosterone secretion by parathyroid hormone.

In previous clinical investigations on uremic patients we found a stimulatory effect of the presence of hyperparathyroidism on the Ca(2+)-induced secretion of various hormones, i.e. aldosterone and vasopressin. The present investigation, therefore, examined the possible effect of PTH on the calcium-mediated aldosterone secretion from isolated, purified zona glomerulosa cells obtained from the rat. After washing the cells and after 30 min of preincubation Ca2+ was added to the preparations at concentrations from 0.5 to 2.0 mmol and PTH(1-84) or PTH(1-34) were added at concentrations from 10(-7) to 10(-10) M. The cells were then incubated for 120 min and aldosterone measured in the supernatant. The aldosterone response to Ca2+ stimulation--without PTH added--served as baseline controls, while cell preparations with ACTH 10(-6) M added secured the viability and responsiveness of the cells. In all cell preparations with PTH(1-84) as well as PTH(1-34) added the aldosterone responses to a certain Ca2+ concentration increased significantly by up to 200% (p < 0.001) above baseline values. It is suggested that PTH may have a Ca2+ ionophore-like effect on endocrine glands, which are not normally related to PTH and thus enhance the calcium-stimulated hormone secretion. The hypothesis is raised that this phenomenon may take place in uremia during the state of secondary hyperparathyroidism.

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone↗
PubMed1993

A model of reversible uremia employing isogenic kidney transplantation in the rat. Reversibility of secondary hyperparathyroidism.

Kidney transplanted patients with normalized kidney function may still exhibit a variety of problems such as bone problems, vascularly problems, and hormonal dysfunctions. A part of the symptoms may be persisting uremic symptoms, secondary to the pretransplanted period of chronic uremia. An experimental rat model, designed to the study of the reversibility of the chronic uremic implications is therefore described. A stable, severe chronic uremia was induced by 5/6 nephrectomy to inbred Lewis rats. Ten weeks later uremia was reverted by a successful isogenic rat kidney transplantation. During the period of chronic uremia the p-urea was elevated to an average of 21.8 +/- 0.9 mmol/l and p-creatinine to 105.7 +/- 5.7 microM/l. The isogenic kidney transplantation resulted in reestablishment of normal kidney function with an average level of p-urea of 7.6 +/- 0.2 mmol/l and p-creatinine 42.5 +/- 1.9 microM/l perfectly corresponding to the sham-operated rats, i.e. one-kidney rats. Reversibility of the secondary hyperparathyroidism due to chronic uremia was investigated in the model. In rats with chronic renal failure PTH increased from 52 +/- 4.9 pg/ml to 152 +/- 12.2 pg/ml and was normalized after transplantation. It is therefore concluded that the present described technique of introducing long term uremia followed up by a successful kidney transplantation in the rat may be a useful model to study the reversibility of different uremic manifestations.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Pregnancy and labor in acute intermittent porphyria].

We report on the pregnancy and delivery of a 33-year old nullipara suffering from acute intermittent porphyria. Despite high risk of mortality and exacerbation of the disease, no complications occurred, since basic therapeutic principles were followed.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1988

The effect of general anaesthesia on the success of embryo transfer following human in-vitro fertilization.

In this study the effect of general anaesthesia on the success of embryo transfer was investigated. Between January and August 1986, in a preliminary trial using general anaesthesia for embryo replacement (sodium thiopentone and alfentanyl), the overall pregnancy rate was 36% (n = 86), compared to 21% in a group of matched controls without anaesthesia (n = 131). Following the preliminary study in a larger series of patients between August 1986 and December 1987, all embryo transfers were performed using general anaesthesia. In a total of 795 embryo replacements the pregnancy rate was 19%. This was neither significantly different from the overall pregnancy rate of the non-anaesthetic controls of the preliminary study (21%), nor from a group of 603 patients who received embryo replacement without anaesthesia between June 1984 and December 1985. The results of this study indicate no obviously adverse effect of the anaesthesia on the induction of pregnancy. The results of the preliminary study even indicate a beneficial effect of anaesthesia on the pregnancy rate. However, to assess accurately the effect of general anaesthesia, a large prospective randomized study is needed. The type of anaesthesia used in this study, however, may be useful in cases of difficult transfer procedures, due to psychological stress to the patient, or technical/mechanical problems during the embryo transfer procedure.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMed1986

[Improved implantation rate following embryo transfer in an in vitro fertilization program].

In spite of the efforts made in in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer in recent years, little progress has so far been made with regard to the pregnancy rate. While embryo transfer rates of over 80% are now being attained, the pregnancy rate achieved with extracorporal fertilization in the majority of study groups is well under 20%. Between 1981 and May 1986, 1088 laparoscopies were performed in our study group with the aim of follicle puncture and subsequent in-vitro fertilization and embryo transfer. A total of 171 pregnancies resulted from 832 embryo transfers. The pregnancy rate has been increased since 1981 to 21.2% at present (1986). Since April 1986 we have been using a modified embryo transfer procedure: in 25 patients embryo transfer has been accomplished under barbiturate anesthesia. Twelve of these patients have become pregnant, i.e., 48% of the embryo transfers. There are signs that this embryo transfer method will lead to a distinct improvement in the pregnancy rate. An attempt should be made to confirm these provisional results in a larger collective.

Alfentanil↗
PubMed1983

[Documentation of clinical death in preliminary death certificates].

The emergency physician acting within the framework of organised first-aid service, is not obliged to perform a post-mortem examination or to hold a coroner's inquest and to issue a death certificate. It is easy to understand why the relevant authorities must insist on the immediate submission of a death certificate. Such a certificate can be issued only if unequivocal signs of death definitely confirm that the decrease is an indisputable fact. To cope with this situation, a printed form has been designed which is used to document the occurrence of clinical death.

Brain Death↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effectiveness of interscalene plexus block for open subacromion decompression].

AIM: The aim of this study was to assess the influence of interscalene brachial plexus blocks on the functional outcome, subjective pain appraisal and patient satisfaction after open shoulder surgery. These results were compared with patients treated by conventional analgesic measures. METHOD: 23 patients with interscalene brachial plexus block (ISB) and 21 patients without ISB were evaluated preoperatively as well as 1, 7, 12 and 90 days after open surgery of the shoulder. By means of a visual analogue scale (VAS) subjective postoperative pain intensity was assessed. Using the Constant score preoperatively and 6 months after surgery the functional status of the treated shoulder was evaluated. At discharge from hospital patients were asked whether they were satisfied with the analgesic measures taken. RESULTS: The range of motion of the shoulder of patients treated with an ISB was significantly higher 1 and 7 days after surgery than those without ISB. 12 and 90 days postoperatively the range of motion in the ISB group was still higher, but no longer statistically significant. Assessment of the postoperative subjective pain status showed that patients with an ISB had significantly lower values and required less additional analgesia. In both groups the Constant score was significantly higher 6 months after surgery, compared to the preoperative condition. Compared to the control group, patients treated with ISB were clearly more satisfied with the postoperative pain management. CONCLUSION: By implementing ISB sufficient analgesia in the early postoperative period after open shoulder surgery is attained, allowing for early physiotherapy. This positively influences convalescence and the outcome of the surgical procedure. Furthermore, patients are visibly more satisfied with the postoperative pain management.

Acromion↗