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Biomedical subjects

V Pratilas

Publications and source records attributed to V Pratilas.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1989

Cardiovascular effects of a nifedipine infusion during fentanyl-nitrous oxide anesthesia in dogs.

The hemodynamic effects of a nifedipine infusion were investigated in eight dogs given fentanyl/pancuronium/nitrous oxide/oxygen anesthesia. Nifedipine (20 micrograms/kg) was given intravenously over two minutes immediately prior to each 30-minute infusion at 2 micrograms/kg/min, 4 micrograms/kg/min, and 6 micrograms/kg/min. The range of plasma nifedipine levels obtained was 52.1 to 113.7 ng/mL. The predominant hemodynamic effects were significant reductions in systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and mean aortic pressure (MAP), accompanied by a rise in cardiac index and heart rate (HR). Administration of calcium chloride (20 mg/kg) after the nifedipine infusion had no effect on SVR or MAP, but HR was significantly reduced. Serum epinephrine and norepinephrine levels increased after the infusion of nifedipine and suggested that fentanyl did not completely overcome the sympathetic response to the profound vasodilatation. The resulting tachycardia in combination with diastolic hypotension from nifedipine could have a detrimental effect on the myocardial oxygen balance.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗
PubMed1979

Anaesthetic management of phaeochromocytoma.

The incidence, mortality, physiology, clinical findings and diagnosis of phaeochromocytoma are reviewed. Treatment, after adequate medical stabilization, must be surgical because of the high incidence of malignancy. Alpha-adrenergic receptor blockade and beta-adrenergic receptor blockade in the preoperative period was discussed. Anaesthetic management of patients with phaeochromocytoma requires close monitoring. Virtually all inhalational anaesthetic agents have been used in cases of phaeochromocytoma. Recent reports have favored enflurane. The merits of neuroleptanaesthesia and the various muscle relaxants are also discussed. Most authors favour lidocaine over propranolol for management of dysrhythmias during operation. Phentolamine or sodium nitroprusside are used for hypertension during operation. Hypotension is treated by fluid replacement with nor-epinephrine if a vasopressor becomes necessary. Close monitoring is necessary in the postoperative period. Adequate urinary output is of more importance than actual blood pressure levels.

Adrenal Gland Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Anaesthetic considerations in the prolonged Q-T interval (LQTS): a case report.

A case of prolonged Q-T interval syndrome (LQTS) with ventricular dysrhythmias is presented. The patient was unresponsive to medical treatment. Left stellate ganglion block, followed by surgical excision of the ganglion, resulted in reversion to normal sinus rhythm. The causes of LQTS, its treatment and the effects of anaesthetic agents are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

The effect of halothane anaesthesia on liver regeneration.

The effects of halothane and diethyl ether on the regenerating liver following 70 per cent hepatectomy were studied in Fisher/344 (F) rats. Our aim was to discover whether halothane administered repeatedly and over prolonged periods could influence the liver regenerative process or hepatocyte function. We also wished to know if the effects of halothane differed from those of diethyl ether. We found: 1. Prolonged halothane or diethyl ether anaesthesia did not inhibit liver mitotic activity, even if administered repeatedly. 2. The effects of halothane and diethyl ether on liver cell division were identical. 3. With reference to liver regeneration, halothane is as safe as diethyl ether when administered during extensive hepatectomy.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A case of tachydysrhythmia. Refractory to propranolol and responsive to neostigmine.

A case of atrial fibrillation, with a fast ventricular response, which developed under enflurane anaesthesia is described in a patient previously treated with digitalis and propranolol. The intravenous administration of propranolol was ineffective whereas that of neostigmine and atropine, 2 hours later, was successful and reduced the ventricular rate to normal values.

Anesthesia, General↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The hepatoprotective effect of oxygen during halothane anesthesia.

The effects of halothane anesthesia on liver function, as reflected by postanesthetic changes in serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) levels, were evaluated in 2 groups of 40 patients. All patients had 2 halothane anesthetics. In 1 group, both anesthetics were administered at 1 atmosphere pressure with 30% O2 in the inspired air. In the 2nd group, both anesthetics were administered at 2 to 3 atmospheres (absolute) of pressure with 97 to 98% O2 in the inspired air. While the SGPT levels remained within the normal range in all cases, there was a significant rise in SGPT levels in patients undergoing surgery under 1 atmospheric pressure. Patients undergoing surgery at 2 to 3 atmospheres pressure (absolute) had SGPT levels which remained at low normal values. The difference in response of SGPT in the 2 groups was statistically significant. We conclude that increased O2 tensions alter the normal response of SGPT to halothane anesthesia and that increased O2 tensions appear to protect the liver from possible adverse responses to halothane or its metabolites.

Adult↗