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Biomedical subjects

V R Lele

Publications and source records attributed to V R Lele.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1999

Aspiration cytology of extramammary tumors metastatic to the breast.

This study was carried out to examine the cytomorphologic features of metastatic breast tumors and to assess the utility of fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in diagnosing these tumors. The study group comprised five females and one male, all presenting with a breast mass. Their ages ranged between 35 and 65 years. FNAC of the breast mass was done in all cases. Three of the cases were previously diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the cervix, mucinous cystadenocarcinoma (MCA) of the ovary, and melanoma. Three cases presented initially with a breast mass. These included melanoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), and plasmacytoma. The diagnosis of NHL was confirmed on histology. The patient with plasmacytoma presented primarily with a breast lump but subsequently developed multiple myeloma, and in one case of melanoma the primary tumor was detected after breast metastases. Preoperative FNAC of extramammary tumors metastatic to the breast is invaluable because the management of the patient differs entirely from that of a primary neoplasm. An accurate diagnosis can be made with the help of clinical and radiological correlation. If available, a perusal of previous history and biopsy material may prove useful.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Gastric mucosal blood flow and hepatic perfusion index in patients with portal hypertensive gastropathy.

Endoscopic laser Doppler velocimetry is a simple non-invasive method to measure gastric mucosal blood flow. The present study is an attempt to determine a correlation, if any, between gastric mucosal blood flow and the hepatic perfusion index in patients with portal hypertensive gastropathy and their relationship to the severity of liver disease. Thirty patients with portal hypertensive gastropathy due to cirrhosis of the liver (eight class A, 13 class B, nine class C, according to Child-Pugh Classification) and six normal subjects were recruited into the study. In all subjects, the gastric mucosal blood flow and venous vasomotor reflex response was measured at two sites: the lesser and greater curvature, using endoscopic laser Doppler velocimetry. The hepatic perfusion index was measured using dynamic liver scintigraphy. The hepatic perfusion index (ratio of arterial/portal venous perfusion) in normal subjects and patients with portal hypertensive gastropathy belonging to Child-Pugh class A, B and C were 0.36 +/- 0.02, 0.53 +/- 0.08, 0.62 +/- 0.14 and 1.04 +/- 0.28, respectively. The gastric mucosal blood flow was similar in Child's A, B and C cases, while the venous vasomotor reflex response was reduced according to the Child-Pugh score (Child's A 37.4 +/- 5.4%, normal control 62.3 +/- 10.9%, Child's B 38.3 +/- 18.2%, Child's C 22.5 +/- 15.2%) and was statistically significant. The gastric mucosal blood flow and hepatic perfusion index are inversely correlated. The hepatic perfusion index altered with grading of cirrhotic change. This study confirms that the severity of portal hypertensive gastropathy is correlated with Child-Pugh score.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Study of lymph node biopsies in lepromatous leprosy patients under treatment.

A study of lymph node biopsies from lepromatous leprosy patients undergoing treatment was carried out for one year in 1978-79 in the Department of Pathology, Government Medical College, Nagpur. Total 20 lymph node biopsies were studied, out of them, 12 were accompanied with skin biopsies. Typical lepromatous granulomas and presence of lepra bacilli were observed in 18 out of 20 lymph nodes, although this change was not constantly present in skin biopsies. Five out of twelve skin biopsies were bacteriologically negative. From this study, it is inferred that lymph node biopsies may be more helpful for follow up of patients after treatment.

Biopsy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Changed pattern of regional glucose metabolism during yoga meditative relaxation.

Using positron emission tomography (PET), measurements of the regional cerebral metabolic rate of glucose (rCMRGlc) are able to delineate cerebral metabolic responses to external or mental stimulation. In order to examine possible changes of brain metabolism due to Yoga meditation PET scans were performed in 8 members of a Yoga meditation group during the normal control state (C) and Yoga meditative relaxation (YMR). Whereas there were intraindividual changes of the total CMRGlc, the alterations were not significant for intergroup comparison; specific focal changes or changes in the interhemispheric differences in metabolism were also not seen; however the ratios of frontal vs. occipital rCMRGlc were significantly elevated (p less than 0.05) during YMR. These altered ratios were caused by a slight increase of frontal rCMRGlc and a more pronounced reduction in primary and secondary visual centers. These data indicate a holistic behavior of the brain metabolism during the time of altered state of consciousness during YMR.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Utility of papanicolaou stain-induced fluorescence in the cytodiagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis.

OBJECTIVE: To study the utility of Papanicolaou stain-induced fluorescence (PIF) in the detection of tubercle bacilli and to compare its diagnostic efficacy with that of the conventional Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) method. STUDY DESIGN: This prospective study was carried out at a tertiary health care center, over a period of 2 years between January 2001 and December 2002. A total of 500 cases offine needle aspiration cytology from lymph nodes and other extrapulmonary sites were studied. Only cases that were clinically and cytologically suggestive of tuberculosis were included in the study. The smears were stained with ZN and Papanicolaou stain and examined under light and fluorescence microscopes, respectively for detection of acid-fast bacilli (AFB). Mycobacterial culture was used as the gold standard to compare the results. RESULTS: Cytologic smears were categorized into 4 distinct cytomorphologic patterns: epithelioid granulomas without caseous necrosis (101 cases), epithelioid granulomas with caseous necrosis (268 cases), caseation or acute inflammatory exudate only (114 cases), and occasional epithelioid cells without necrosis or giant cells (17 cases). The overall AFB positivity was 30.8% with the ZN method, while it was 40.6% with PIF. Moreover, PIF was more effective in detecting bacilli in group I lesions (18.8% vs. 6.9% with ZN method), in which the bacillary load is very low. CONCLUSION: PIF is superior to the conventional ZN method in detecting tubercle bacilli, particularly when the bacillary load is low. It is a relatively inexpensive and fast technique.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Fine needle aspiration cytology of soft tissue chondroma. A case report.

BACKGROUND: Soft tissue chondroma, though rare, is well known to histopathologists and radiologists. Cytologic features of soft tissue chondroma mimic those of its malignant counterpart to a considerable extent. To our knowledge, this is the first case in which the aspiration cytology of soft tissue chondroma is described as an aid to definitive diagnosis. CASE: A 54-year-old male presented with a 6 x 5-cm swelling on his right forearm that had existed for 20 years. Its extraskeletal location was confirmed. Aspiration cytology showed myxofibrillary material and pleomorphic cells. CONCLUSION: The clinical, radiologic and cytologic triad is important for the correct cytologic diagnosis of soft tissue chondroma despite worrisome cell atypia.

Biopsy, Needle↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Florid melanocytic colonization in a metastasis of breast carcinoma. A case report.

BACKGROUND: Melanocytic colonization in breast carcinoma with skin invasion is an unusual entity. Very rarely does florid colonization by melanocytes simulate melanoma. This phenomenon requires recognition. The cytomorphology of this lesion is reported below for the first time. CASE: A 45-year-female operated on for breast carcinoma developed a recurrent nodule on the mastectomy scar and another circumscribed, depigmented nodule on the back. Fine needle aspiration cytology smears from the recurrent nodule showed features of lobular carcinoma of the breast, whereas the nodule on the back showed cytomorphologic features simulating melanoma along with cells simulating lobular carcinoma of the breast. CONCLUSION: We report for the first time the cytologic finding of melanocytic colonization in subcutaneous secondary breast carcinoma.

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