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Biomedical subjects

V Raizada

Publications and source records attributed to V Raizada.

36 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Changes in T-lymphocyte subsets during acute rheumatic fever.

Relative proportions and numbers of helper [OKT4(+)] and suppressor [OKT8(+)] peripheral blood lymphocytes were examined in 32 young patients during the acute phase of rheumatic fever. No significant decrease in percentage T cells during acute rheumatic fever was noted in comparison to normal children controls from the same population. A decrease in absolute numbers of OKT4(+) T cells was also noted in acute rheumatic subjects not receiving corticosteroids (P less than 0.05). In addition, a significant decrease was documented in both proportions and total numbers of OKT8(+) putative suppressor cells during acute rheumatic attacks. C-reactive protein binding to T-lymphocyte subsets showed no preferential reactivity in vivo for suppressor or helper T cells. Antigen-reactive T lymphocytes identified with the T29 mouse hybridoma reagent showed similar proportions and numbers in rheumatic children as were noted in controls. The present data indicate profound alterations in both helper- and suppressor-cell types in the peripheral blood profile of children with acute rheumatic fever.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1982

Superiority of two-dimensional echocardiography in the diagnosis of congenitally bicuspid aortic valve.

This study compares the role of M-mode and two-dimensional echocardiography in the evaluation of the nonstenotic, congenitally bicuspid aortic valve. Ten asymptomatic healthy subjects (age 20-35 years) with a systolic ejection click and short systolic murmur were evaluated. M-mode echocardiograms were entirely normal. The aortic root, diastolic closure line, eccentricity index of the aortic valve, and left ventricular size and function were normal in every subject. The two-dimensional parasternal long axis view of the aortic root was also normal in all patients with bicuspid aortic valves; there were no abnormalities of systolic excursion of the aortic cusps and doming of the aortic valve was absent. Images obtained in the two-dimensional parasternal short axis view of the aortic root at the level of the aortic valve revealed only two cusps, anterior and posterior, in all patients. The classic closure pattern of the normal tricuspid aortic valve forming a "Y" was absent in every subject. Instead, a horizontal closure line along the "X" axis was demonstrated in all patients; changing the angulation of the transducer in various positions did not alter this pattern. All subjects had increased reflectance of echoes along the line of diastolic closure, probably resulting from redundancy of the aortic cusp tissue. We conclude that because of the inability of the M-mode echocardiographic technique to accurately diagnose this condition in the study group, two-dimensional echocardiography should be the technique of choice in the evaluation of patients with a suspected bicuspid aortic valve. Recognition of this condition is important in view of its susceptibility to subacute bacterial endocarditis, aortic stenosis, and regurgitation.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Auscultation of the normally functioning prosthetic valve.

Before prosthetic function can be adequately assessed, physicians must be acquainted with the normal acoustic events associated with these devices. The auscultatory findings of the most commonly used devices--ball, disk, porcine, and bileaflet valves--are reviewed. The mechanisms of sound production and their timing are discussed.

Aortic Valve↗
PubMed1977

Effects of amyl nitrite on phasic aortocoronary bypass graft blood velocity in man.

With the use of a Doppler flowmeter catheter, phasic instantaneous aortocoronary saphenous vein bypass graft blood velocity was continuously measured during the inhalation of amyl nitrite in 20 closed-chest conscious subjects. Administration of amyl nitrite augmented peak diastolic and systolic graft blood velocity within 10 seconds and maximal blood velocities were recorded between 8 and 60 seconds after inhalation. Control mean (+/- 1 S.D.) bypass graft blood velocity was 25 +/- 10 cm. per second and after amyl nitrite 46 +/- 14 cm. per second, resulting in an average 84 per cent rise of blood velocity. It is concluded that amyl nitrite increases aortocoronary bypass graft blood velocity, suggesting a possible enhancement of blood flow to the distal native circulation in patients so operated upon.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Mitral valve prolapse in patients with coronary artery disease. Echocardiographic-angiographic correlation.

Echocardiography was performed in 25 consecutive patients with angina pectoris and angiographically demonstrable coronary artery disease. Left ventricular echograms detected late or pansystolic mitral valve bowing suggesting of mitral valve proplapse in 6/25 (24%). Left ventricular angiography showed prolapse of the posterior mitral leaflet in 15/25 (60%), including 5 detected by echocardiography. Significant triple vessel coronary disease was present in 11 of 15 patients with prolapsed mitralvalve. In each of the latter a greater than 90 per cent obstructive lesion was noted in at least one coronary artery: right coronary artery, 9 subjects (82%); left circumflex coronary artery, 5 patients (33%); and left anterior descending coronary artery, 4 patients (27%). Of 15 subjects with angiographic evidence of mitral valve prolapse, 13 had left ventricular asynergy-inferior or inferoposterior in 8 subjects (62%) and anterior or anteroapical in 5 subjects (38%). Eleven subjects had vectorcardiographic evidence of transmural myocardial infarction-inferior or inferoposterior in 9 (82%) and anteroseptal in 2 (18%). A single subject with mitral valve prolapse had mild mitral regurgitation. It is concluded that: (1) coexisting prolapse of the posterior mitral valve leaflet and coronary artery disease is usually associated with triple vessel obstructive lesions, (2) severe right coronary disease, inferior left ventricular wall asynergy, and inferior myocardial infarction are important angiographic and vectorcardiographic correlates, and (3) echocardiography will detect such mitral valve prolapse in only one-third of affected cases.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Simultaneous left ventricular echocardiography and aortic blood velocity during rapid right ventricular pacing in man.

Left ventricular echocardiograms and phasic instantaneous Doppler aortic blood velocities were simultaneously recorded during short paroxysms of rapid right ventricular pacing in 20 conscious subjects. Right ventricular pacing at rates of 100, 120, 140, 160 and 180/min produced stepwise reductions of mean estimates for diastolic (D) and systolic (S) left ventricular internal dimensions (LVID) along with a diminution of aortic blood velocity. Mean (X +/- 1 standard deviation) per cent decline of LVID-D, LVID-S and peak aortic blood velocities for the study group ranged from 8.9 +/- 6.1, 8.5 +/- 5.7 and 13.7 +/- 7.7 at 100 beats/min to 29.3 +/- 10.6, 25.2 +/- 10.5 and 55.2 +/- 13.1 at 180 beats/min, respectively. When LVID-D, LVID-S, and aortic blood velocity X % reductions were plotted for all heart rates there was a high degree of positive correlation (r = 0.99). Two types of abnormal septal motion were observed during rapid pacing: Type I--paradoxical septal motion at all pacing rates (n = 7, 6/7 with left coronary artery disease); Type II--hypokinetic septal motion at lower pacing rates with flat or paradoxical motion at rates greater than 140/min (n = 13, 10/13 with normal coronary arteries). It is concluded that short episodes of rapid right ventricular pacing result in reduced LVID and abnormal septal motion with the latter possibly related to septal ischemia. Such study provides insight into the untoward influence of rapid ventricular rhythms on cardiac performance.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Case report. MR and CT appearance of cardiac hemangioma.

We present a case of cardiac hemangioma in a symptomatic patient. MR and CT each have specific characteristics that should make one consider including or excluding this in the differential diagnosis of a cardiac tumor.

Adult↗