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Biomedical subjects

V Rangarajan

Publications and source records attributed to V Rangarajan.

5 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations.

Pulmonary arteriovenous malformations rarely present in childhood. Two cases are presented in this report. Both the cases presented clinically with cyanosis and clubbing without a cardiac murmur. The second case had cerebral abscess in addition. Both the cases underwent a contrast-enhanced echocardiography which suggested the presence of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations. The first case also underwent 99mTc radionuclide scan and pulmonary angiography. The cases are being reported for their characteristic clinical features and for emphasizing the role of non-invasive modalities like contrast-enhanced echocardiography and radionuclide scan in reaching the diagnosis.

Angiography↗
PubMed1997

Assessment of drainage in PUJ dilatation: pelvic excretion efficiency as an index of renal function.

Renal function is important when assessing the response of a dilated renal pelvis to a diuretic stimulus. Yet there is little in the literature to suggest how this should be undertaken. Our aim was to develop a model which we have called pelvic excretion efficiency (PEE). The PEE, which may be used to assess drainage, is a mathematical model of the ratio of the total kidney excretion to the total amount of isotope extracted from the blood by the kidney. Thirty-three children with a prenatal diagnosis of unilateral renal pelvic dilatation (PUJ) were treated conservatively after birth. As a group, they underwent a total of 164 diuretic DTPA renograms up to the age of 72 months. Drainage was assessed as the response to frusemide (defined as the time for the corrected renal curve to fall to 75% of the maximum value in the frusemide part of the study; T75), response to bladder emptying, a change of posture after frusemide (PM), and PEE. The contralateral normal kidney showed a combination of both 'good' T75 and PM drainage in 51% of renograms while the PEE showed drainage in all. The affected kidney with renal pelvic dilatation showed a combination of both 'poor' T75 and PM drainage in 42% of renograms. The PEE was low in 99% of these 'poor drainage' renograms. The PEE, the ratio of the mathematical model of renal uptake to excretion, is readily calculated and may be a more accurate and specific technique to assess drainage on diuretic renography.

Child↗
PubMed1996

Platelet-derived growth factor BB mediated regulation of 12-lipoxygenase in porcine aortic smooth muscle cells.

Platelet-derived growth factor BB (PDGF) is a potent mitogen and chemoattractant for vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). In the present study, we have examined the effect of PDGF on the 12-lipoxygenase (12-LO) pathway of arachidonate metabolism in porcine aortic VSMC (PVSMC). The rationale for this is previous studies showing that LO products have growth and chemotactic effects in VSMC and that another VSMC growth factor, angiotensin II, is a potent positive regulator of 12-LO activity and expression. We observed that PDGF causes a significant increase in the formation of the 12-LO product, 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) in PVSMC. In addition, PDGF also markedly increased leukocyte-type 12-LO messenger RNA and protein expression. PDGF-induced PVSMC migration was inhibited significantly by two LO blockers but not by a cyclooxygenase blocker. Furthermore, although the proliferative effects of PDGF on PVSMC were not altered by cell culture under hyperglycemic conditions (25 mM glucose, HG), the chemotactic effects of PDGF as well as those of 10% fetal calf serum were significantly greater in cells cultured in HG as compared to normal glucose conditions (5.5 mM), thus indicating a potential new mechanism for the accelerated cardiovascular disease usually observed in diabetes. These results indicate a novel mechanism for the biological effects of PDGF in leading to cardiovascular disease.

12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid↗